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1,742 results for “activity data”
Data for: Weak sex-specific evolution of locomotor activity of Sepsis punctum (Diptera: Sepsidae) thermal experimental evolution lines
<p><span>Elevated temperatures are expected to rise beyond what the physiology of many organisms can tolerate. Behavioural responses facilitating microhabitat shifts may mitigate some of this increased thermal selection on physiology, but behaviours are themselves mediated by physiology, and any behavioural response may trade-off against other fitness-related activities. </span><span>We investigated whether experimental evolution in different thermal regimes (Cold: 15°C; Hot: 31°C; Intergenerational fluctuation 15/31°C; Control: 23°C) resulted in genetic differentiation of standard locomotor activity in the dung fly <em>Sepsis</em> <em>punctum</em>. We assessed individual locomotor performance, an integral part of most behavioral repertoires, across eight warm temperatures from 24°C to 45°C using an automated device. We found no evidence for generalist-specialist trade-offs (i.e. changes in the breadth of the performance curve) for this trait. Instead, at the warmest assay temperatures, hot-selected flies showed somewhat higher maximal performance than all others, especially cold-selected flies, overall more so in males than females. Yet, the flies' temperature optimum was not higher than that of the cold-selected flies, as expected under the 'hotter-is-better' hypothesis. Maximal locomotor performance merely weakly increased with body size. These results suggest that thermal performance curves are unlikely to evolve as an entity according to theory and that locomotor activity is a trait of limited use in revealing thermal adaptation.</span></p>
Data from: Active-feedback quantum control of an integrated, low-frequency mechanical resonator
<p>Source data for Figures.</p>
Data repository of the paper "Quantum-noise-limited optical neural networks operating at a few quanta per activation"
<p>This data repository includes the requisite data and code for deriving the primary results from the paper, "Quantum-noise-limited optical neural networks operating at a few quanta per activation". The repository is structured to provide everything needed to reproduce the figures included in the main manuscript, along with the source code for training the neural network models and the collected experimental data mentioned in the paper.</p> <p>The code in this repository is primarily intended for reproducing the results discussed in the paper. Those interested in developing their own applications may refer to our Github repository: https://github.com/mcmahon-lab/Single-Photon-Detection-Neural-Networks.</p> <p><strong>Where to Start</strong></p> <p>The directory 'main_figures' includes Jupyter notebooks to generate each panel in Figure 3 and Figure 4 in the main text, using the data from the directory 'results', which can be generated by notebooks in the directory 'test'. </p> <p>The simulations, experiments, and figure generation were all conducted in Python. As certain parts of the code require specific versions of Python packages, the necessary packages are listed in the 'requirements.txt' file.</p> <p>For more information, please refer to 'README.txt'.</p>
Accompanying data for: Local negative feedback of Rac activity at the leading edge underlies a pilot pseudopod-like program for amoeboid cell guidance
<p>This is the data underlying all of the figures in: Local negative feedback of Rac activity at the leading edge underlies a pilot pseudopod-like program for amoeboid cell guidance by Jason P. Town and Orion D. Weiner</p> <p>Paper Abstract: To migrate efficiently, neutrophils must polarize their cytoskeletal regulators along a single axis of motion. This polarization process is thought to be mediated through local positive feedback that amplifies leading edge signals and global negative feedback that enables sites of positive feedback to compete for dominance. Though this two-component model efficiently establishes cell polarity, it has potential limitations, including a tendency to “lock” onto a particular direction, limiting the ability of cells to reorient. We use spatially-defined optogenetic control of a leading edge organizer (PI3K) to probe how neutrophil-like HL-60 cells balance “decisiveness” needed to polarize in a single direction with the flexibility needed to respond to new cues. Underlying this balancing act is a local Rac inhibition process that destabilizes the leading edge to promote exploration. We show that this local inhibition enables cells to process input signal dynamics, linking front stability and orientation to local temporal increases in input signals. </p> <p>All data can be processed using standard scientific python packages using the Jupyter Notebooks located <a href="https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/672328942">here</a>. To run the notebooks and reproduce the figures in the paper, download all of the zipped data files, unzip them, and arrange them into the following directory structure:</p> <ul> <li>projectfolder <ul> <li>data <ul> <li>fig03data</li> <li>fig04data</li> <li>fig05data</li> <li>figS01data</li> <li>figS08data</li> <li>figS10data</li> <li>simpleStimdata</li> </ul> </li> <li>figure01.ipynb</li> <li>figure02.ipynb</li> <li>...</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Microscopy data was collected using an automated, Pycromanager-based pipeline. The most recent version of the pipeline can be found <a href="https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/583790048">here</a>. </p> <p>This zipped folders contains microscopy data (images & metadata) in several directories:</p> <ul> <li>"simpleStimData" contains data used in several figures in the paper. It shows the dynamic behaviors of neutrophils as they are subjected to local optogenetic activation of optoPI3K. <ul> <li>File folders are not entirely standardized, but typically contain <ul> <li>The data of the experiment (YYMMDD format)</li> <li>The cell line used and the constructs expressed (35 is the optogenetic anchor, 52 is the optogenetic cargo, 97 is the PH-Akt-Halo PIP<sub>3</sub> reporter, and mcPak is the Pak-PBD-mCherry Rac reporter)</li> <li>A generic phrase 'Assays', 'VariousFrontStimulations', 'simpleStimScreen' that has no experimental meaning</li> <li>An indicator of the pre-programmed assay "type" - either 'none, 'front', 'side', 'back', 'global', 'lateral45', 'lateral90', '0Rad', '0.2 Rad', '0.39Rad', '0.79Rad' or '1.57Rad'</li> <li>The intensity of blue LED light used in the experiment ('50000'). This did not turn out to be very important for the paper in this particular dataset, but cells do not display an all-or-none response to optogenetic PI3K acitvation.</li> <li>And finally a replicate number for that assay that day (i.e. '000', '001', ...)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Within each file folder, there is a collection of images (Note that each image has a lot of extra information in the associated metadata) <ul> <li>Channel 0 is the PHAkt PIP<sub>3</sub> reporter fluorescence data</li> <li>Channel 1 is the Pak-PBD Rac reporter fluorescence data</li> <li>Channel 2 is a reflected blue light dataset. A small degree of blue light reflected off the bottoms of coverslips and could be collected on the camera</li> <li>Channel 3 is a binary segmentation channel generated on-the-fly during acquisition by our automated microscopy software</li> <li>Channel 4 is another binary segmentation channel, but this one is a prediction of the real image of the optogenetic stimulus based on a calibrated affine transformation of the projected image onto the microscopy field of view. </li> <li>if present, Channels 5 and 6 are control images taken at the end of the experiment to verify the presence of optogenetic constructs 35 (405 channel) and 52 (488 channel)</li> </ul> </li> <li>There is a small amount of data here that was not directly used in the paper. For example, the 'frontToGlobal' experiments did not produce interesting results, but actually led us to develop the method shown in Figure 5 in our paper where we did something closer to a 'sideToGlobal' assay (See Fig 5 in the paper). </li> </ul> </li> <li>"fig03Data" contains data used to generate Fig 3 and Fig S7B in the paper. This data is structured identically to the data in simpleStimData described above</li> <li>"fig04Data" contains data used to generate Fig 4 and Fig S9D in the paper. Some of this is from older software, so the metadata (i.e. LED intensities) are stored in a separate file called intensities.txt. This text file contains time stamps and LED intensity data that can be matched with the temporal metadata from the microscopy images. </li> <li>"fig05Data" contains data used to generate Fig 5 and Fig S11. These are structured identically to the simpleStimData structure described above. (Though these files are stored in more organized subdirectories compared to simpleStimData). </li> <li>"figS01Data" contains the microscopy data used to generate Fig S1</li> <li>"figS08Data" contains data used to generate Fig S8 in the paper. This is from older microscopy automation software, so the metadata (i.e. LED intensities) are stored in a separate file called metadata.txt. This text file contains time stamps and LED intensity changes that can be matched with the temporal metadata from the microscopy images. </li> <li>"figS10Data" contains data used to generate Fig S10 in the paper. This is a combination of data structures similar to that described above in "fig04Data" for the step inputs and "simpleStimData" for the turning assays.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Housework or vigilance? Bilbies alter burrowing activity under threat of predation by feral cats
<p>Behavioral adjustments to predation risk not only impose costs on prey species themselves but can also have cascading impacts on whole ecosystems. The greater bilby (<em>Macrotis lagotis</em>) is an important ecosystem engineer, modifying the physical environment through their digging activity, and supporting a diverse range of sympatric species that use its burrows for refuge and food resources. The bilby has experienced severe decline over the last 200 years, and the species is now restricted to approximately 20% of its former distribution. Introduced predators, such as the feral cat (<em>Felis catus</em>), have contributed to this decline. We used camera traps to monitor bilby burrows at four sites in Western Australia, where bilbies were exposed to varying levels of cat predation threat. We investigated the impact of feral cats on bilby behavior at burrows, particularly during highly vulnerable periods when they dig and clear away soil or debris from the burrow entrance as they perform burrow maintenance. There was little evidence that bilbies avoided burrows that were visited by a feral cat; however, bilbies reduced the time spent performing burrow maintenance in the days following a cat visit (p=0.010). We found the risk posed to bilbies varied over time, with twice the cat activity around full moon compared with dark nights. Bilby burrows are such valuable resources for ecosystem functioning that bilby predation by feral cats, as well as even indirect impacts on bilby behavioral responses to perceived predation risk, together may have a substantial ecosystem impact.</p>
Data for: Human activity coupled with climate change strengthens the role of lakes as an active pipe of dissolved organic matter
<p>This dataset contains data from an investigation to resolve the relative importance of multiple environmental drivers on the quantity and quality of chromophoric DOM in lakes at the continental scales. The study is described in the paper: "Du Y., Chen F., Zhang Y., He H., Wen S., Huang X., Song C., Li. K., Wang J., Kellings D., and Lu Y. 2023. Human activity coupled with climate change strengthens the role of lakes as an active pipe of dissolved organic matter, Earth's Future, in press". </p> <p>The primary objectives of the study were to (i) quantity the magnitude of environmental drivers modulating lacustrine DOM quantity and quality at a continental scale, including climate, land cover, societal development, and water retention time, and (ii) unravel individual and interactive effects of the environmental drivers.</p> <p>Firstly, we constructed a structural equation model framework that incorporated both direct and indirect pathways.</p> <p>Secondly, we collected a continental-scale dataset of lake DOM quantity and quality, along with the corresponding environmental driver variables from a group of carefully selected lakes (n=182).</p> <p>Lastly, we established structure equation models to analyze DOM quantity and quality variations as a function of the four environmental drivers.</p> <p>The main results include: (1) land cover and societal development both exhibit positive direct effects on lake CDOM quantity, highlighting the significant role of well-vegetated soils and anthropogenic activities as sources of lake DOM on a continental scale. (2) Climate has two strong but opposite effects –a warming and wet climate facilitates soil OM production and export but also enhances CDOM in-lake transformation. (3) Three proxies are proposed as indicators of the magnitude of biogeochemical drivers influencing lake DOM across ecoclimatic zones, including fluorescent DOM/DOC indicating economic activity, percentages of a degraded fluorescent DOM component indicating solar irradiation, and percent tyrosine-like DOM reflecting DOM processing time within the watershed and lake.</p>
Data from: Evaluating predator control using two non-invasive population metrics: a camera trap activity index and density estimation from scat genotyping
<p>Includes datasets from the Wimmera and Mallee, Victoria, Australia:</p> <p>- Fox camera trap data used to model activity</p> <p>- Fox scat SECR capture and trap files used to model density</p>
Data from: Microbial activity contributes to spatial heterogeneity of wetland methane fluxes
<p>The emission of methane from wetlands is spatially heterogeneous, as concurrently measured surface fluxes can vary by orders of magnitude within the span of a few meters. Despite extensive study and the climatic significance of these greenhouse gas emissions, it remains unclear what drives these large within-site variations, creating a knowledge-gap that impedes a mechanistic understanding of wetland fluxes. While geophysical variables including water table depth (WTD) and soil temperature are known to correlate with CH<sub>4</sub> flux, measurable variance in these parameters declines as spatial and temporal scales become finer. Here, we leveraged depth-stratified gene abundance and gene expression measurements of methanogenesis and methanotrophy to investigate CH<sub>4</sub> flux variance at an ombrotrophic peat bog. Our results show that the flux variance was strongly correlated to methanogen abundance and that peat depth also exerted significant control over CH<sub>4</sub> flux, methanogen abundance, and the relationship between the two. Correlations between CH<sub>4</sub> flux and either WTD or soil temperature were absent or minimal. These findings suggest that microbial factors likely underlie localized variance in wetland CH<sub>4</sub> flux, and that a greater reliance on biological predictors could improve our ability to understand wetland methane fluxes at finer scales than is currently possible.</p>
Data for "Invertebrate Activities in Wetland Sediments Influence Oxygen and Nutrient Dynamics at the Sediment-Water Interface"
<p>Code and data for a project looking at how bioturbation by two benthic invertebrate taxa influence oxygen and nutrient dynamics a coastal freshwater wetland along Lake Erie, located in Ohio, USA.</p> <p>Article is titled "Invertebrate Activities in Wetland Sediments Influence Oxygen and Nutrient Dynamics at the Sediment-Water Interface" and is published in Wetlands.</p>
Data for: Potential of root acid phosphatase activity to reduce phosphorus fertilization in maize cultivated in Brazil
<p><strong>Potential of root acid phosphatase activity to reduce phosphorus fertilization in maize cultivated in Brazil</strong></p> <p class="Texto"><span>It is urgent to mitigate the environmental impacts resulting from agriculture, especially in highly biodiverse and threatened areas, as the Brazilian Cerrado. We aim to investigate whether root acid phosphatase activity is an alternative plant strategy for nutrient acquisition in maize genotypes cultivated under fertilized and unfertilized conditions in Brazil, potentially contributing to reducing the use of phosphate fertilizers needed for production. Three experiments were performed: the first was conducted in a glasshouse, with 17 experimental maize inbred lines and two phosphorus (P) treatments; the second in the field, with three maize inbred lines and two treatments, one without fertilization and another with NPK fertilization; and the third was also carried out in the field, with 13 commercial hybrids, grown either under NK or under NPK treatment. Plant variables were measured and tested for the response to fertilization, differences amongst genotypes and response to root acid phosphatase activity. The activity of root acid phosphatase was modulated by the availability of P and nitrogen (N) in the soil and promoted grain filling of commercial hybrids in soils with low P availability. These results demonstrate that it is possible to select genotypes that are more adapted to low soil P availability aiming at organic production or to use genotypes that have high phosphatase activity under P fertilization to reduce the amount of added P needed for maize production in Brazil. </span></p>
Data files for Axonal transport of autophagosomes is regulated by dynein activators JIP3/JIP4 and ARF/RAB GTPases
<p>Supporting data files for <strong>Axonal transport of autophagosomes is regulated by dynein activators JIP3/JIP4 and ARF/RAB GTPases</strong></p>
Digital research data from: Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar
<p>This is digital research data corresponding to a published manuscript, <em>Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar</em>. Biochar 5:64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00263-5. </p> <p>Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus (P) are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural runoff. Poultry litter (PL) is an abundant biochar feedstock. However, PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P sorbents. This study investigated the effect of magnesium (Mg) activation on extractable P (EP) and P sorption capacities of PL-derived biochars. Biochar was produced at 500–900 °C from PL activated with 0–1 M Mg. Three differentially aged PL feedstocks were evaluated (1-, 3–5-, and 7–9-year-old). </p>
Data from: Dynamic shifts in predator diel activity patterns across landscapes and threat levels
<p>Understanding the constraints dominant predators impose on subordinate species is important for predicting ecosystem dynamics and anticipating outcomes of predator management. Subordinate predators may avoid dominant predators in time or space, making it difficult to quantify antipredator behaviours unless joint spatiotemporal analyses are used. Here, we tested whether an invasive dominant predator (red fox <em>Vulpes vulpes</em>) alters the spatiotemporal activity of an invasive subordinate predator (feral cat <em>Felis catus</em>). We collated records of both species from 3,667 camera-traps deployed experimentally across two regions of south-eastern Australia with simplified predator guilds. Foxes were poison-baited in some landscapes within each region. We used generalised additive models to quantify changes in predator spatiotemporal activity across geographic space, vegetation types, human footprint and (artificially manipulated) gradients of dominant predator activity. Foxes and cats had similar diel activity patterns when averaged across all sites, however there was important differentiation at a finer scale cats did not reduce their spatial activity but shifted diel patterns when localised fox activity was high. Cats were crepuscular on average. However, across dry vegetation types of both regions (where foxes were nocturnal), cats shifted to diurnal behaviour with increasing fox activity. In contrast, fox activity was relatively consistent throughout the daily cycle in the wet forest; here cats avoided dawn when fox activity was high. Changes in cat diel activity patterns may facilitate spatial coexistence between these two invasive predators, potentially shifting feral cat impacts onto different native prey. It is well-appreciated that predator activity varies spatially and fluctuates throughout the daily cycle. However, our study demonstrates that diel activity patterns also vary across space, likely mediated by both landscape-context and fear. Dominant predator avoidance in time appears to be spatially dynamic a key nuance which is overlooked when simply comparing the average activity overlap between two species.</p>
Wearable Assisted Viral Evidence (WAVE) Study A Decentralized, Prospective Study Exploring the Relationship Between Passively-collected Data From Wearable Activity Devices and Respiratory Viral Infect
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06207929. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Data from: Integrative experimental/computational approach establishes active cellular protrusion as the primary driving force of phagocytic spreading by immune cells
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Data from: Efficacy of masks and face coverings in controlling aerosol particle emission from expiratory activities
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Data from: Rectified rotational dynamics of mobile inclusions in two-dimensional active nematics
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Data from: Gramicidin and chlorhexidine encapsulated in bicontinuous microemulsions: Antimicrobial activity performance and their impact on self-assembly
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Data from: Canine sense of quantity: evidence for numerical ratio-dependent activation in parietotemporal cortex
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Data from: Combining thermal and hydric constraints for spatially predicting the activity suitability of Neotropical Leptodactylid frogs
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.