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Fig. 8 in A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland

Fig. 8. Parotosuchus species from Europe (known from complete skull) in comparison with Parotosuchus ptaszynskii sp. nov. on stratigraphic plot with axis showing the proportions of the subtemporal fossa. Parotosuchus helgolandicus (Schroeder, 1913) and Parotosuchus nasutus (Meyer, 1858) (based on Welles and Cosgriff 1965), Parotosuchus orenburgensis (Konzhukova, 1965) (based on Konzhukova 1965).

Fig. 7 in A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland

Fig. 7. Capitosaurid amphibian Parotosuchus ptaszynskii sp. nov., Wióry, Late Olenekian. Reconstruction of the mandible based on MPT.P 272. Anterior unpreserved part was based on the holotype of Parotosuchus orenburgensis (after Konzhukova 1965). Postglenoid region in labial (A), lingual (B), and dorsal (C) views.

Fig. 3 in A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland

Fig. 3. Partial skull of capitosaurid amphibian Parotosuchus ptaszynskii sp. nov., Wióry, Late Olenekian, in a conglomeratic intercalation within a sandstone bed. A. Skull MPT.P 271 in dorsal view, coated with ammonium chloride. B. CT scan of the paroccipital process of the tabular and of the supraoccipital process of the postparietal. C. CT scan of the occipital condyle. D. Interpretative drawing.

Fig. 1 in A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland

Fig. 1. Simplified geological map showing the Wióry locality in the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland.

Fig. 4 in A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland

Fig. 4. Skull reconstruction (ventral view) of capitosaurid amphibian Parotosuchus ptaszynskii sp. nov., Wióry, Late Olenekian (A) and comparison with Parotosuchus orenburgensis (Konzhukova, 1965), Rossypnaya, Ural River, Late Olenekian (C). The reconstruction of P. ptaszynskii sp. nov. based on the drawing of P. orenburgensis (from Konzhukova 1965); preserved fragment of P. ptaszynskii marked. B. Shadow of P. orenburgensis at the same scale as P. ptaszynskii in A.

Fig. 2 in A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland

Fig. 2. Stratigraphic location of Wióry in the profile of the Buntsandstein from the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains (based on Ptaszyński and Niedźwiedzki 2006; Becker et al. 2007; Niedźwiedzki and Ptaszyński 2007).

Fig. 3 in The brachyopoid Hadrokkosaurus bradyi from the early Middle Triassic of Arizona, and a phylogenetic analysis of lower jaw characters in temnospondyl amphibians

Fig. 3. Temnospondyl amphibian Hadrokkosaurus bradyi (Welles, 1947), holotype (UCMP 36199), early Anisian, northeastern Arizona. Stereopairs of the posterior part of the lower jaw in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Note buttresses for articular (missing) projecting from prearticular and surangular, and proportions of postglenoid area.

Fig. 6 in The brachyopoid Hadrokkosaurus bradyi from the early Middle Triassic of Arizona, and a phylogenetic analysis of lower jaw characters in temnospondyl amphibians

Fig. 6. Strict consensus of 38 most parsimonious trees with bootstrap percentages based upon 10,000 replicates.

Fig. 2 in The brachyopoid Hadrokkosaurus bradyi from the early Middle Triassic of Arizona, and a phylogenetic analysis of lower jaw characters in temnospondyl amphibians

Fig. 2. Temnospondyl amphibian Hadrokkosaurus bradyi (Welles, 1947), holotype (UCMP 36199), early Anisian, northeastern Arizona. Stereopair of anterior part of lower jaw in mesial view; note large postsymphyseal foramen.

Fig. 5. A, B in The brachyopoid Hadrokkosaurus bradyi from the early Middle Triassic of Arizona, and a phylogenetic analysis of lower jaw characters in temnospondyl amphibians

Fig. 5. A, B. Comparisons between the skull of Vigilius wellesi Warren and Marsicano, 2000 (A) and the lower jaw of Hadrokkosaurus bradyi (Welles, 1947) (B) drawn to the same proportions; arrows point to changes in degree of curvature of the skull and jaw (skull modified from Warren and Marsicano 2000). C. Right lower jaw ramus of Hadrokkosaurus bradyi (Welles, 1947) in dorsal view showing lengths of segments used for calculating the degree of curvature of the ramus (see text for details). D. Close−up view of posterior part of UCMP 36199, early Anisian, northeastern Arizona.

Fig. 4. A in The brachyopoid Hadrokkosaurus bradyi from the early Middle Triassic of Arizona, and a phylogenetic analysis of lower jaw characters in temnospondyl amphibians

Fig. 4. A. Stereopair of UCMP 36205, early Anisian, northeastern Arizona; incomplete prearticular in dorsal view attributed to Hadrokkosaurus bradyi; arrows mark position and extent of lateral edge of contact area for articular. B. Stereopair of UCMP 36210, early Anisian, northeastern Arizona; broken angular in dorsal view presumably incorrectly attributed to Hadrokkosaurus bradyi; note pronounced boss−like adductor process.

Fig. 4 in International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife Outbreak of parasite-induced limb malformations in a declining amphibian species in Colorado

Fig. 4. (A) Excysted metacercaria of Ribeiroia ondatrae from an infected frog; (B) Rams horn snails (Helisoma trivolvis) function as first intermediate hosts for multiple trematode species, including Ribeiroia ondatrae. Several of these snails have egg masses on their shells, which can be common in the spring.

Fig. 3 in International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife Outbreak of parasite-induced limb malformations in a declining amphibian species in Colorado

Fig. 3. Whole-body ventrodorsal Micro-CT scans of three leopard frogs from SBN illustrating malformations caused by the trematode Ribeiroia ondatrae. Panels A–C present 3D reconstructions of the skeletons (ventral view) of each of the living frogs in the corresponding lower panels (D–F). For each, obviously abnormal portions of the skeleton are colored in red while supernumerary limb elements are colored in teal. (A) Frog with a severely rotated ilium on the left axis, a thickened femur, thickened tibiofibula (calcaneum) with a bony triangle, an extra bone at the base of the ischium, a supernumerary left hindlimb (polymelia) with a bony triangle in the tibiofibular; the right leg is missing all metatarsals and phalanges. (B) Frog with polymelia of the left leg, with two supernumerary femurs and two unidentified supernumerary bones near the ischium; both primary hind limbs appear to have reductions of the metatarsals and phalanges. (C) Frog with an extremely thickened femur (possibly fusion of multiple femurs) in the left hind limb, a double bony triangle in the tibiofibula, and an extra bone caudal to the ilium.

Fig. 1 in International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife Outbreak of parasite-induced limb malformations in a declining amphibian species in Colorado

Fig. 1. (A) Spring Brook North (SBN) Pond is located in southern Boulder County near Eldorado Springs, Colorado, USA. (B) Image of the pond in spring. (C) Northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) use the pond as breeding habitat (image copyright David Herasimtschuk).

Fig. 2 in International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife Outbreak of parasite-induced limb malformations in a declining amphibian species in Colorado

Fig. 2. Limb malformations in leopard frogs from this study include (A–D) skin webbings, which can affect one (A–B) or both (C–D) hind limbs; (E–H) bony triangles, which entail a triangular folding in a longbone and an associated shortening of the limb; and (H–K) extra limbs, feet, and digits, which were typically ventral. Frog in (H) exhibits a double bony triangle and severe truncation in the limb with a duplicated foot. Many animals exhibited multiple malformations and severe structural limb deformities, such as (L).

Fig. 4. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M472 in Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic

Fig. 4. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M472 (Fritsch Orig. 134a), lectotype specimen of "Limnerpeton" macrolepis, from Nýřany, Czech Republic. Complete specimen on main part.

Fig. 6. A in Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic

Fig. 6. A. Limnogyrinus elegans (Fritsch). NMP M477 (Fritsch Orig. 133), holotype specimen of "Limnerpeton" elegans, from Nýřany, Czech Republic. B. Tetrapoda incertae sedis (temno− spondyl or pelycosaur). NMPM476 (Fritsch Orig. 171), holotype specimen of "Limnerpeton" dubium Fritsch nomen dubium from Kounov, Czech Republic.

Fig. 3. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M470 in Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic

Fig. 3. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M470/1 (Fritsch Orig. 94), lectotype specimen of "Limnerpeton" laticeps, from Nýřany, Czech Republic. Posterior postcranial skeleton: from galvanotype of part (A) and from counterpart (B). Coarse stipple represents layers of dermal scales.

Fig. 5. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M472 in Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic

Fig. 5. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M472 (Fritsch Orig. 134), lectotype specimen of "Limnerpeton" macrolepis, from Nýřany, Czech Republic. A. Counterpart specimen (Orig. 134b). B. Left squamosal, part of Orig. 134a (shown complete in Fig. 4),.

Fig. 2. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M470 in Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic

Fig. 2. Mordex laticeps comb. nov. NMP M470 (Fritsch Orig. 94), lectotype specimen of "Limnerpeton" laticeps, from Nýřany, Czech Republic. A. Skull and anterior postcranial skeleton. B. Key to skull elements.