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744 results for “arbor”
Figure 1 in Unprecedented habitat use by an arboreal Neotropical marsupial (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) in the Cerrado
Figure 1: Locations of the two gallery forests in the Brazilian Cerrado where we captured the brown-eared woolly opossum (Caluromys lanatus) for the first time in pitfall traps. The white circle in the left indicates the gallery forest at the Reserva Ecológica do IBGE (RECOR), and the white circle on the right indicates the gallery forest at the Estação Ecológica do Jardim Botânico de Brasília (EEJBB).
Figs. 13–16. 13 in Arboreal Beetles Of Neotropical Forests: Agra Fabricius, Larval Descriptions With Notes On Natural History And Behaviour (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Agrina)
Figs. 13–16. 13) Head, L?, Agra sp. (unknown group), dorsal aspect; 14) head, L?, Agra sp. (unknown group), ventral aspect; 15) mouthparts, L?, Agra sp. (unknown group), dorsal aspect; 16) mouthparts, L?, Agra sp. (unknown group), ventral aspect.
Figs. 11–12. 11a in Arboreal Beetles Of Neotropical Forests: Agra Fabricius, Larval Descriptions With Notes On Natural History And Behaviour (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Agrina)
Figs. 11–12. 11a) Habitus, L2, Agra sp. (?lycisagroup), dorsal aspect; 11b) part of urogomphus indicated in Figure 11a; 12) head, L2, Agra sp. (?lycisagroup), dorsal aspect.
Arboreality drives heat tolerance while elevation drives cold tolerance in tropical rainforest ants
<p>Determining how species thermal limits correlate with climate is important for understanding biogeographic patterns and assessing vulnerability to climate change. Such analyses need to consider thermal gradients at multiple spatial scales. Here we relate thermal traits of rainforest ants to microclimate conditions from ground to canopy (microgeographic scale) along an elevation gradient (mesogeographic scale) and calculate warming tolerance in the Australian Wet Tropics Bioregion. We test the thermal adaptation and thermal niche asymmetry hypotheses to explain interspecific patterns of thermal tolerance at these two spatial scales. We tested CT<sub>min</sub>, CT<sub>max</sub>, and calculated CT<sub>range</sub> using ramping assays for 74 colonies of 40 ant species collected from terrestrial and arboreal habitats at lowland and upland elevation sites and recorded microclimatic conditions for one year. Within sites, arboreal ants were exposed to hotter microclimates and on average had a 4.2°C (95% CI: 2.7 – 5.6°C) higher CT<sub>max</sub>, and 5.3°C (95% CI: 3.5 – 7°C) broader CT<sub>range</sub> than ground-dwelling ants. This pattern was consistent across the elevation gradient, whether it be the hotter lowlands or the cooler uplands. Across elevation, upland ants had significantly lower CT<sub>min </sub>than lowland ants, whereas the change in CT<sub>max</sub> was less pronounced, and CT<sub>range</sub> did not change over elevation. Differential exposure to microclimates, due to localised niche preferences, drives divergence in CT<sub>max</sub> while environmental temperatures along the elevation gradient drive divergence in CT<sub>min</sub>. Our results suggest that both processes of thermal adaptation and thermal niche asymmetry are at play depending on the spatial scale of observation, and we discuss potential mechanisms underlying these patterns. Despite the broad thermal tolerance range of arboreal rainforest ants, lowland arboreal ants had the lowest warming tolerance and may be most vulnerable to climate change.</p>
Kinematic gait parameters of terrestrial and arboreal locomotion in Japanese macaques
<p>This study used three-dimensional videography to quantify kinematic parameters thought to be associated with locomotor stability while two Japanese macaques walked on terrestrial and simulated arboreal substrates (a horizontal pole, which was narrow relative to the animal's body width). The parameters investigated included temporal-spatial gait variables, those associated with compliant walking, the height of the shoulder and hip, and hand and foot clearance during the swing phase. We found that there were many individual differences in kinematic adjustments made by the monkeys during arboreal locomotion. More importantly, the results were consistent between the monkeys for three parameters: maximum hand clearance, maximum hip height, and maximum foot clearance. The monkeys showed lower maximum hand and foot clearances during arboreal locomotion than during terrestrial locomotion, indicating that the hands and feet were kept close to the substrate surface during the swing phase. They also showed lower maximum hip heights during arboreal locomotion, suggesting that their whole-body centers of mass were lowered. These consistent kinematic adjustments can be interpreted as strategies for enhancing stability and reducing the risk of falling from a height.</p>
Figure 3 in Space use by two arboreal rodent species in a Neotropical cloud forest
Figure 3. Home range of the nine individuals of Habromys schmidlyi and the seven individuals of Reithrodontomys microdon at Taxco, Guerrero. Home ranges of females are drawn with gray lines, while home ranges of males are drawn with black lines. The gray shadows in the background represent the home range of R. microdon in the image of H. schmidlyi and vice versa.
Figure 5 in Space use by two arboreal rodent species in a Neotropical cloud forest
Figure 5. Trees belonging to cloud forest or oak forest in which individuals of Habromys schmidlyi and Reithrodontomys microdon were trapped or radio-tracked.
Figure 2 in Space use by two arboreal rodent species in a Neotropical cloud forest
Figure 2. Number of individuals of each small mammal species trapped in each stratum in 'Cerro del Huixteco' State Park, Taxco, Guerrero, Mexico.
Figure 4 in Space use by two arboreal rodent species in a Neotropical cloud forest
Figure 4. Home range of the seven individuals of Habromys schmidlyi and the five individuals of Reithrodontomys microdon at Zacualpan, Estado de México. Home ranges of females are drawn with gray lines, while home ranges of males are drawn with black lines.
Figure 1 in Space use by two arboreal rodent species in a Neotropical cloud forest
Figure 1. Location of Taxco in Guerrero state and Zacualpan in Estado de México, in addition to their locations in North America.
Figure 2 in Arboreality predicts Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection level in tropical direct-developing frogs
Figure 2. Agar models in the shape of Eleutherodactylus coqui with thermal couplers inserted. Models were placed on the forest floor (a) and in arboreal vegetation (b) to determine operative body temperatures that hosts encounter in these microhabitats.
Figure 4 in Arboreality predicts Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection level in tropical direct-developing frogs
Figure 4. Proportion of the infected adults (a) and the infected juveniles (b) using forest-floor (brown) or arboreal (green) microhabitats that presented different levels of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection intensities (given as Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis zoospore genomic equivalents). Above each bar we indicate the number of infected individuals in each category. For example there were only five infected juveniles found in arboreal substrate, and 20% of these had low Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection loads.
Figure 1 in Arboreality predicts Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection level in tropical direct-developing frogs
Figure 1. Microhabitats considered in this study: forest floor and curled palm fronds in: (a) the floor, (b) bromeliads on vegetation above ground, and (c) foliage, tree trunks or branches ≥50 cm to 2.5 m above ground.
Figure 3 in Arboreality predicts Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection level in tropical direct-developing frogs
Figure 3. Variation on Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection intensity (zoospore genomic equivalents) among microhabitats used by all individuals (a), adults only (b), males only (c) and juveniles only (d), of Eleutherodactylus coqui. Prevalence of infection in each microhabitat is also observable by comparing percentage of colour versus white on each bar.
Figure 3 in Diverse plant taxa used by arboreal succineid snails as microhabitats
Figure 3. Individual-based rarefaction curves of plant species associated with Boninosuccinea ogasawarae (closed circles) and Boninosuccinea punctulispira (open circles).
Figure 2 in Diverse plant taxa used by arboreal succineid snails as microhabitats
Figure 2. Endemic succineids: (A) Boninosuccinea ogasawarae; (B) Boninosuccinea punctulispira. Scale bars: A, 5.0 mm; B, 5.0 mm.
Figure 1 in Diverse plant taxa used by arboreal succineid snails as microhabitats
Figure 1. Study sites: (A) Ogasawara Islands (circle); (B) study routes (dotted lines) on the island Haha-jima.
FIG. 8. Arachnothelphusa bako n in On two new species of arboreal crabs from phytotelms in Sarawak, Borneo (Crustacea: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae: Arachnothelphusa)
FIG. 8. Arachnothelphusa bako n. sp., holotype female (19.0 × 14.2 mm) (ZRC 2002.0098), Bako. A, pleon; B, vulvae.
FIG. 5. Arachnothelphusa rimba n in On two new species of arboreal crabs from phytotelms in Sarawak, Borneo (Crustacea: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae: Arachnothelphusa)
FIG. 5. Arachnothelphusa rimba n. sp., paratype female (22.9 × 16.5 mm) (ZRC 2020.0088), Lanjak-Entimau. A, pleon; B, vulvae.
FIG. 4. Arachnothelphusa rimba n in On two new species of arboreal crabs from phytotelms in Sarawak, Borneo (Crustacea: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae: Arachnothelphusa)
FIG. 4. Arachnothelphusa rimba n. sp. A, B, holotype male (22.8 × 16.6 mm) (ZRC 2020.0366), Lanjak-Entimau. A, left G1 (ventral view); B, distal part of left G1 (ventral view); C, distal part of left G1 (dorsal view); D, left G2. Scales = 0.5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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