Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
1,140
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
1,140 results for “down feathers”
Data from: Sexual selection, feather wear, and time constraints on the pre-basic molt explain the acquisition of the pre-alternate molt in European passerines
<p><span>Avian feathers need to be replaced periodically to fulfill their functions, with natural, social, and sexual selection presumably driving the evolution of molting strategies. In temperate birds, a common pattern is to molt feathers immediately after the breeding season, the pre-basic molt. However, some species undergo another molt in winter-spring, the pre-alternate molt. Using a sample of 188 European passerine species, Bayesian phylogenetic mixed models, and correlated evolution analyses, we tested whether the occurrence of the pre-alternate molt was positively associated with proxies for sexual selection (sexual selection hypothesis) and non-sexual social selection (social selection hypothesis) and with factors related to feather wear (feather wear hypothesis) and time constraints on the pre-basic molt (time constraints hypothesis). We found that the pre-alternate molt was more frequent in migratory and less gregarious species inhabiting open/xeric habitats and feeding on the wing, and marginally more frequent in species with strong sexual selection and those showing a winter territorial behavior. Moreover, an increase in migratory behavior and sexual selection intensity preceded the acquisition of the pre-alternate molt. These results provide support for the feather wear hypothesis, partial support for the sexual selection and time constraints hypotheses, and no support for the social selection hypothesis.</span></p>
Fig. 1 in Implications of a Dating Analysis of Hippoboscoidea (Diptera) for the Origins of Phoresis in Feather Lice (Psocodea: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae)
Fig. 1. Result of the MCMCTree dating analysis of the published Hippoboscoidea NCBI popset of four genes (CO1, CAD, 16s, 28s; Petersen et al. 2007). Bootstrap support is depicted to the left of nodes.The scale bar depicts divergence estimates in millions of years (Mya) and 95% highest probability distribution (HPD) are to the right of nodes. Red branches represent avian-feeding Hippoboscidae lineages. Feather louse images above scientific names indicate the genus or species below has records of louse phoresis (Ornithoctona has records of louse phoresis for three species, but the specimen analyzed was not identified to species level; a single record of louse phoresis exists for Crataerina, but is believed to be inaccurate because members of the genus are stenopterous; Corbet 1956, Keirans 1975). Illustrations of animals to the right of scientific names show host associations of Hippoboscoidea species with true ectoparasitism (Maa 1969).
FIGURE 24 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 24. Amerodectes spizellae sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B, C—legs I, II of male, respectively, D—tibia and tarsus IV of male, E—epimerites I of male, F—humeral shield and epimerite III of female, Gspermatheca and spermaducts.
FIGURE 18 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 18. Amerodectes passerinae sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B, C—legs I, II of male, respectively, D—tibia and tarsus IV of male, E—spermatheca and spermaducts.
FIGURE 15 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 15. Amerodectes seiurus sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B, C—legs I, II of male, respectively, D—tibia and tarsus IV of male, E—spermatheca and spermaducts.
FIGURE 21 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 21. Amerodectes haemorhous sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B, C—legs I, II of male, respectively, D—tibia and tarsus IV of male, E—spermatheca and spermaducts.
FIGURE 12 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 12. Amerodectes helmitheros sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B, C—legs I, II of male, respectively, D—tibia and tarsus IV of male, E—spermatheca and spermaducts.
FIGURE 6 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 6. Amerodectes hylocichlae sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B, C—legs I, II of male, respectively, D—tibia and tarsus IV of male, E—spermatheca and spermaducts.
FIGURE 9 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 9. Amerodectes hribari sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B, C—legs I, II of male, respectively, D—tibia and tarsus IV of male, E—spermatheca and spermaducts.
FIGURE 3 in New feather mites of the genus Amerodectes Valim and Hernandes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA
FIGURE 3. Amerodectes cathari sp. n., details. A—opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B—genital arch, dorsal view, C–Elegs I–III of male, respectively, F—tibia and tarsus IV of male, G—spermatheca and spermaducts. Abbreviations: bs—basal sclerite of genital apparatus, co—copulatory opening, hs—head of spermathecal, ps—primary spermaduct, sd—secondary spermaducts.
Fig. 6 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 6 Hastisetae on the two deinocrotonid ticks preserved together and comparisons with extant Megatominae. a Hastiseta preserved with its spearshaped head entangled in a leg of the paratype male (AMNH Bu-SA5b). Scale bar, 0.1 mm. b Detail of the spear-shaped head of the hastiseta from a. c Hastiseta with the spear-shaped head (arrow) entangled in the holotype (AMNH Bu-SA5a). Scale bar, 0.05 mm. d Hastiseta with the spear-shaped head photographed from above entangled in the base of the right femur I of the paratype male. Scale bar, 0.05 mm. e Spear-shaped head magnified from d showing its six knobs. f Multi-segmented portion of a hastiseta, without preserved head, on the posterior body margin of the holotype (segments to the right are distal). Scale bar, 0.05 mm. g Extant larval cast-off skin after molt in dorsal view of the Megatominae genus Anthrenus (arrows indicate two of the hastisetal tufts on abdominal segments), which can be found in bird nests. Scale bar, 0.5 mm. h Several hastisetae from a posterior tuft from g. Scale bar, 0.05 mm. i Basal (left), middle and distal (right) multi-segmented sections of one hastiseta from h. Scale bar, 0.02 mm
Fig. 9 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 9 Reconstruction of the habitus of Deinocroton draculi on an immature feathered dinosaur. The reconstruction shows two unengorged males (left) and a female feeding to engorgement (right). Male body length ca. 3.9 mm. Colours of the ticks are conjectural but based on the colouration seen in the related nuttalliellid ticks. Performed by the authors using models of the males created by the artist Oscar Sanisidro
Fig. 3 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 3 Morphology of the new tick family Deinocrotonidae. a Holotype (left) and paratype male in ventral view (arrows indicate the location of some entangled hastisetae of the beetle family Dermestidae). Scale bar, 1 mm. b Engorged paratype female in dorsolateral view. Scale bar, 1 mm. c Pseudoscutum (arrow) of specimen in b. Scale bar, 0.5 mm. d Paratype male in dorsal view. Scale bar, 0.5 mm. e Dorsal surface of the tarsus I from the holotype, showing Haller's organ, an aggregate of chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and hygroreceptors in ticks for locating hosts and mates (lines mark the length of the organ). Scale bar, 0.1 mm. f Transverse genital aperture between coxae II, coxal spurs, and basis capituli from the holotype. Scale bar, 0.5 mm. g Pitted dorsal integument without elevations in the pseudoscutum of the same specimen. Scale bar, 0.1 mm. h Engorged paratype female in ventral view with detail of the spiracle. Scale bar, 1 mm. i Genital aperture between coxae II of the paratype male. Scale bar, 0.2 mm. j Pulvillus and pretarsal claws of the holotype. Scale bar, 0.1 mm. k Lateral body margin showing the non-convoluted, mound-like elevations of the integument (arrows) between pits of the same specimen. Scale bar, 0.1 mm. l, m Anus and preanal groove of the paratype male and engorged paratype female, respectively. Scale bars, 0.1 mm. a, b, e, g, i–k obtained with compound microscopy, the remainder with CT-scans
Fig. 2 Confocal laser scanning microscopy images showing the hard tick morphology. a in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 2 Confocal laser scanning microscopy images showing the hard tick morphology. a Habitus in ventral view of the Cornupalpatum burmanicum nymph associated with feathers. Scale bar, 0.2 mm. b Detail of the gnathosoma and coxal area in ventral view revealing the absence of genital pore. Scale bar, 0.1 mm. c Dorsal view detail of the gnathosoma and anterior part of the scutum (arrow indicates the lateral margin of the scutum). Scale bar, 0.1 mm
Fig. 5 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 5 CT-scan images showing some anatomical features of the new family Deinocrotonidae. Holotype (AMNH Bu-SA5a) (a, c, d, f, g); paratype male (AMNH Bu-SA5b) (b, e); engorged paratype female (CM 63001) (h, i). a Pseudoscutum showing the cervical grooves (arrows). Note the abundant bubbles (bottom). Scale bar, 0.5 mm. b Pseudoscutum in anterodorsal view showing its posteriorly broadened anterior margin and the cervical grooves (right arrows). Scale bar, 0.5 mm. c Trochanterofemoral articulation of the right leg III (femur length ca. 0.5 mm). Note the notch-like processes (arrows). d Ruffled genual surface (genu length ca. 0.6 mm). e Right spiracle in frontal view. Scale bar, 0.2 mm. f Left spiracle in lateral view (arrow). Scale bar, 0.2 mm. g Post-genital, anteroventral depressed area (bold arrow) and genital groove medially divided in two sections (thin arrows). Scale bar, 1 mm. h Habitus showing the deformation of the body and the completely stretched integument due to engorgement (arrow indicates the spiracle). Scale bar, 1 mm. i Detail of the ventral surface showing the genital aperture extruded as a rounded protuberance (arrow). Scale bar, 1 mm
Fig. 7 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 7 Reconstruction of the male and engorged female of Deinocroton draculi. Upper dorsal, ventral, frontal, and lateral views based on CT-scans of the holotype male (see Supplementary Movie 1) (Artist: Oscar Sanisidro). Lower lateral and ventral reconstructions based on CT-scans of the engorged paratype female (performed by the authors using elements from the male model performed by O. Sanisidro). Both reconstructions at the same scale and with modifications based on compound microscope observations. Scale bar, 1 mm
Fig. 1 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 1 Cornupalpatum burmanicum hard tick entangled in a feather. a Photograph of the Burmese amber piece (Bu JZC-F18) showing a semicomplete pennaceous feather. Scale bar, 5 mm. b Detail of the nymphal tick in dorsal view and barbs (inset in a). Scale bar, 1 mm. c Detail of the tick's capitulum (mouthparts), showing palpi and hypostome with teeth (arrow). Scale bar, 0.1 mm. d Detail of a barb. Scale bar, 0.2 mm. e Drawing of the tick in dorsal view indicating the point of entanglement. Scale bar, 0.2 mm. f Detached barbule pennulum showing hooklets on one of its sides (arrow in a indicates its location but in the opposite side of the amber piece). Scale bar, 0.2 mm
Fig. 4 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 4 Photomicrographs showing some anatomical features of the new family Deinocrotonidae. Holotype (AMNH Bu-SA5a) (a, f, h); allotype (CM 63007) (b, c); paratype male (AMNH Bu-SA5b) (d, e). a–b Right palp and right and left palpi in ventral views, respectively, with indication of the number of visible palpomeres. Scale bars, 0.1 mm. c Pseudoscutum and detail of the integument showing mound-like elevations between the pits (see inset). Scale bar, 0.5 mm. d Coxa II showing a row of three spurs (arrows). Scale bar, 0.1 mm. e Ruffled surface of the left genu III. Scale bar, 0.1 mm. f Articulations of the left leg III in ventral view. Note the notch-like processes (arrows). Scale bar, 0.1 mm. g Haller's organ in dorsal surface of the tarsus I (bottom structure is the proximal capsule, in contact with the distal pit). Arrows point to sensilla. Scale bar, 0.05 mm. h Trochanterofemoral articulation of the right leg I. Note the notch-like processes (arrows). Scale bar, 0.1 mm
Fig. 10 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 10 Ticks and their possible feathered hosts in deep time. Simplified phylogenies of parasitiform Acari (top) and tetanuran Dinosauria leading to the bird lineage (bottom). Although filamentous integumentary structures are known in some ornithischians and pterosaurs, the latter are not represented for not belonging to the bird lineage. Time ranges supported by the fossil record are depicted with thick lines; those inferred appear in thin lines. Asterisk marks the inferred origin of modern birds (Neornithes). Known fossil occurrences of parasitiform mites (all in amber; stars correspond to tick records that can be related to feathered dinosaur hosts, presented in this paper; quaternary records excluded): Lebanese amber—1, Mesostigmata indet.; Burmese amber—2,? Opilioacarus groehni; 3 Cornupalpatum burmanicum, three specimens including the new one described herein entangled in a pennaceous feather; Compluriscutata vetulum, Amblyomma birmitum, and Amblyomma sp.; 4 Argasidae indet.; 5 Deinocroton draculi (herein); Raritan amber—6, Carios jerseyi; Baltic amber—7, Sejus bdelloides; Aclerogamasus stenocornis; Microgynioidea indet.; 8 Paracarus pristinus;?Opilioacarus aenigmus; 9 Ixodes succineus and Ixodes sp.; Mexican amber—10, Dendrolaelaps fossilis; Dominican amber—11, Amblyomma sp.; 12 Ornithodoros antiquus. An unpublished, badly preserved specimen from Spanish amber (105 Ma) has been not included, but it could be assignable to Deinocrotonidae. See Supplementary Notes 3, 4, and 6 for inferred time ranges used, parasitiform records shown, oldest occurrences of dinosaur groups depicted, and discussion on feather evidence in non-avialan dinosaurs. Neog. + Q. Neogene and Quaternary, D.F.H. diverse feeding habits, S.F. solid feeders, F.F. fluid feeders
Fig. 8 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed
Fig. 8 Amber drops attached to legs of the deinocrotonid paratype male (AMNH Bu-SA5b). a Dorsal view of the specimen (arrows indicate the amber drops). Scale bar, 1 mm. b Left tarsus I dorsally covered by an amber drop. Scale bar, 0.2 mm. c Right tarsus I coated by an amber drop with abundant bubbles inside (arrow indicates the claws). Scale bar, 0.2 mm
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.