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FIGURE 4. Aphelochaeta bimaculata n in Bitentaculate Cirratulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected chiefly during cruises of the R/V Anton Bruun, USNS Eltanin, USCG Glacier, R/V Hero, RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer, and R/V Polarstern from the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, and off Western South America

FIGURE 4. Aphelochaeta bimaculata n. sp. A, paratype (USNM 1490705), anterior end, dorsal view; B, holotype (USNM 1490704), anterior end, right lateral view.

FIGURE 17. Aphelochaeta spectabilis n in Bitentaculate Cirratulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected chiefly during cruises of the R/V Anton Bruun, USNS Eltanin, USCG Glacier, R/V Hero, RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer, and R/V Polarstern from the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, and off Western South America

FIGURE 17. Aphelochaeta spectabilis n. sp. A, anterior end, dorsal view, specimen from EASIZ II, Sta. 299 (SMF 24897); B, anterior end, dorsal view of holotype, R/V Hero Sta. 824-5-1 (USNM 1490720); C, anterior end, dorsal view of small specimen, EASIZ II, Sta. 299 (SMF 24897); D, posterior end, left lateral view of holotype (USNM 1490719).

FIGURE 11. Aphelochaeta hormosa n in Bitentaculate Cirratulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected chiefly during cruises of the R/V Anton Bruun, USNS Eltanin, USCG Glacier, R/V Hero, RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer, and R/V Polarstern from the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, and off Western South America

FIGURE 11. Aphelochaeta hormosa n. sp. Holotype (USNM 1490710): A, anterior end, right lateral view; B, middle body segments, right lateral view; C, posterior end, dorsal view.

FIGURE 3. Aphelochaeta aubreyi n in Bitentaculate Cirratulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected chiefly during cruises of the R/V Anton Bruun, USNS Eltanin, USCG Glacier, R/V Hero, RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer, and R/V Polarstern from the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, and off Western South America

FIGURE 3. Aphelochaeta aubreyi n. sp. Photomicrographs of holotype (LACM-AHF Poly 10200): A, anterior end, left lateral view B, posterior end, right lateral view. Stained with Shirlastain A. Scales 500 µm.

opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Aerogeophysical characterization of an active subglacial lake system in the David Glacier catchment, Antarctica

Profile based data products derived from radar observations and surface laser altimetry of the David Glacier. Data includes: Surface elevation (both radar and laser altimetry) Bed elevation Ice thickness Surface echo strength Basal echo strength Specularity content

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2020View details →

Radar observations of an active subglacial lake system in the David Glacier catchment, Antarctica

Unfocused radar observations of David Glacier, Antarctica. Collected in December 2016 to Februrary 2017 by Korea Polar Research Institute and University of Texas -- Institute for Geophysics. Full documentation can be found within the netCDF files.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2020View details →

The case of a southern European glacier disappearing under recent warming that survived Roman and Medieval warm periods

We upload there the dataset needed to build up the chronological model of the ice core presented in the discussion paper <a href="https://www.the-cryosphere-discuss.net/tc-2020-107/">"The case of a southern European glacier disappearing under recent warming that survived Roman and Medieval warm periods" </a>. The readme pdf file presents the methods to create such an age-depth model using the package CLAM v2.2 (Blaauw, 2010) and the settings chose to run it.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Raw Date of Manuscript 《Quantifying the ice storage in the Upper Indus River basin with the ground-penetrating radar measurements and Glacier Bed Topography version 2 modeling》

Raw date and materials of the manuscript 《Quantifying the ice storage in the Upper Indus River basin with the ground-penetrating radar measurements and Glacier Bed Topography Version 2 modelling》

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Root associated fungi in Arctic Glacier Forlands raw sequences

Climate change causes Arctic glaciers to retreat faster, exposing new areas for colonization. Several pioneer plants likely to colonize recent deglaciated, nutrient-poor areas depend on fungal partners for successful establishment. Little is known about general patterns or characteristics of facilitating fungal pioneers and how they vary with regional climate in the Arctic. The High Arctic Archipelago Svalbard represents an excellent study system to address these questions, as glaciers cover ∼60% of the land surface and recent estimations suggest at least 7% reduction of glacier area since 1960s. Roots of two ectomycorrhizal (ECM) plants (Salix polaris and Bistorta vivipara ) were sampled in eight glacier forelands. Associated ECM fungi were assessed using DNA metabarcoding. About 25% of the diversity was unknown at family level, indicating presence of undescribed species. Seven genera dominated based on richness and abundance, but their relative importance varied with local factors. The genus Geopora showed surprisingly high richness and abundance, particularly in dry, nutrient-poor forelands. Such forelands will diminish along with increasing temperature and precipitation, and faster succession. Our results support a taxonomical shift in pioneer ECM diversity with climate change, and we are likely to lose unknown fungal diversity, without knowing their identity or ecological importance.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

Accelerating future mass loss of Svalbard glaciers from a multi-model ensemble

This dataset contains the data behind the figures 2-13 and A1-A4 in the article "Accelerating future mass loss of Svalbard glaciers from a multi-model ensemble", which will be published in Journal of Glaciology.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: The last 50 years of climate-induced melting of the Maliy Aktru glacier (Altai Mountains, Russia) revealed in a primary ecological succession

In this article, we report and discuss the results obtained from a survey of plants, microorganisms (bacteria and fungi), and soil elements along a chronosequence in the first 600 m of the Maliy Aktru glacier's forefront (Altai Mountains, Russia). Many glaciers of the world show effects of climate change. Nonetheless, except for some local reports, the ecological effects of deglaciation have been poorly studied and have not been quantitatively assessed in the Altai Mountains. Here, we studied the ecological changes of plants, fungi, bacteria, and soil elements that take the form of a primary ecological succession and that took place over the deglaciated soil of the Maliy Aktru glacier during the last 50 year. According to our measurements, the glacier lost about 12 m per year during the last 50 years. Plant succession shows clear signs of changes along the incremental distance from the glacier forefront. The analysis of the plant α‐ and β‐diversity confirmed an expected increase of them with increasing distance from the glacier forefront. Moreover, the analysis of β‐diversity confirmed the hypothesis of the presence of three main stages of the plant succession: (a) initial (pioneer species) from 30 to 100 m; (b) intermediate (r‐selected species) from 110 to 120–150 m; and (c) final (K‐selected species) from 150 to 550. Our study also shows that saprotrophic communities of fungi are widely distributed in the glacier retreating area with higher relative abundances of saprotroph ascomycetes at early successional stages. The evolution of a primary succession is also evident for bacteria, soil elements, and CO2 emission and respiration. The development of biological communities and the variation in geochemical parameters represent an irrefutable proof that climate change is altering soils that have been long covered by ice.

opencc-zeroDec 2013View details →

Data from: Vertical distribution of the soil microbiota along a successional gradient in a glacier forefield

Spatial patterns of microbial communities have been extensively surveyed in well-developed soils, but few studies investigated the vertical distribution of microorganisms in newly developed soils after glacier retreat. We used 454-pyrosequencing to assess whether bacterial and fungal community structures differed between stages of soil development (SSD) characterized by an increasing vegetation cover from barren (vegetation cover: 0%/ age: 10 years), sparsely-vegetated (13%/ 60 years), transient (60%/ 80 years) to vegetated (95%/ 110 years) and depths (surface, 5 and 20 cm) along the Damma glacier forefield (Switzerland). Stage of soil development significantly influenced the bacterial and fungal communities. Based on indicator species analyses, metabolically versatile bacteria (e.g. Geobacter) and psychrophilic yeasts (e.g. Mrakia) characterized the barren soils. Vegetated soils with higher C, N and root biomass consisted of bacteria able to degrade complex organic compounds (e.g. Candidatus Solibacter), ligno-cellulolytic Ascomycota (e.g. Geoglossum) and ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycota (e.g. Laccaria). Soil depth only influenced bacterial and fungal communities in barren and sparsely-vegetated soils. These changes were partly due to more silt and higher soil moisture in the surface. In both soil ages, the surface was characterized by OTUs affiliated to Phormidium and Sphingobacteriales. In lower depths, however, bacterial and fungal communities differed between both SSDs. Lower depths of sparsely-vegetated soils consisted of OTUs affiliated to Acidobacteria and Geoglossum whereas depths of barren soils were characterized by OTUs related to Gemmatimonadetes. Overall, plant establishment drives the soil microbiota along the successional gradient but does not influence the vertical distribution of microbiota in recently deglaciated soils.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Historical retreat of alpine glaciers in the Ahklun Mountains, western Alaska

The Ahklun Mountains support the only extant glaciers in western Alaska. The glaciers were originally mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey using photogrammetry methods based on 1972 - 1973 aerial photos. We surveyed for presence or absence of the glaciers by fixed-wing aircraft in 2006. Of 109 glaciers originally mapped, 10 (9%) had disappeared. Using aerial imagery of a subset of 76 glaciers at three time steps between 1957 - 2009, we determined the average rate of areal loss was 45% over 52 years. At this rate, it is likely that all Ahklun Mountain glaciers will be extinguished by the end of the current century.

opencc-zeroApr 2020View details →

Data from: Dynamic ice loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet driven by sustained glacier retreat

Here we share remotely-sensed Greenland outlet glacier data for 234 individual glaciers. Data include observations of mena monthly discharge (ice volume flux exported by the glacier), front position changes, velocity, and ice thickness for the 1985-2018 period. Data will be periodically updated as needed. The Greenland Ice Sheet is losing mass at accelerated rates in the 21st century, making it the largest single contributor to rising sea levels. Faster flow of outlet glaciers has substantially contributed to this loss, with the cause of speedup, and potential for future change, uncertain. Here we combine more than three decades of remotely sensed observational products of outlet glacier velocity, elevation, and front position changes over the full ice sheet. We compare decadal variability in discharge and calving front position and find that increased glacier discharge was due almost entirely to the retreat of glacier fronts, rather than inland ice sheet processes, with a remarkably consistent speedup of 4-5% per km of retreat across the ice sheet. We show that widespread retreat between 2000 and 2005 resulted in a step-increase in discharge and a switch to a new dynamic state of sustained mass loss that would persist even under a decline in surface melt.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Compositional turnover and ecological changes related to the waxing and waning of glaciers during the Late Paleozoic ice age in ice-proximal regions (Pennsylvanian, western Argentina)

The late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA) had a profound effect on the biota. Despite much research having been focused on paleotropical regions or global-scale analyses, regional ecological changes have seldom been studied in ice-proximal basins. Here, I study the compositional turnover and diversity structure across the main Carboniferous glacial event recorded in western Argentina and the subsequent nonglacial interval. Brachiopod and bivalve data from western Argentina suggest that the transition from glacial to nonglacial climates caused major compositional changes. Turnover, however, was not uniform across the bathymetric gradient, being higher in deep environments. Because extirpation was concentrated in brachiopods, but immigration was similar in both clades, the taxonomic structure of the region was significantly modified. Although regional hierarchical diversity structure and occupancy distributions remained stable, dissecting the analysis in brachiopods and bivalves underscores that both clades had different responses to climate change. Brachiopods, on the one hand, show stability in the diversity structure and a very slight decrease in occupancies of intermediate genera, while bivalves show an important rise in diversity, both at the environment and regional scale, and an increase in genera with intermediate occupancies. The bathymetric diversity gradient was also modified from hump shaped with maximum diversity in the deep subtidal to a linear gradient with maximum values toward the offshore. However, relative compositional differences within environments remained stable, with maximum values at intermediate depths both in glacial and nonglacial intervals. Moreover, local-scale coexistence between brachiopods and bivalves changed in the nonglacial interval, showing significant segregation, which indicates relevant modifications in community assembly dynamics. Results from western Argentina highlight the magnitude of regional-scale ecological changes during the LPIA in ice-proximal regions, suggesting that the waxing and waning of glaciers was able to cause regional taxonomic turnover and medium-scale ecological changes even during intervals of relative macroevolutionary quiescence.

opencc-byApr 2017View details →

Glacier

Glacier Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Deep learning low-cost photogrammetry for 4D short-term glacier dynamics monitoring - Supplementary material

This repository contains the supplementary material for the paper "Deep learning low-cost photogrammetry for 4D short-term glacier dynamics monitoring".The paper is currently under revision. This repository will be updated once the paper will be published.In particular the repository includes:<ol><li>The datasets used for performing the multi-temporal stereoscopic analysis of the Belvedere Glacier during the summer season 2022.</li><li>The code of ICEpy4D v1.9.0 used for processing the stereoscopic data. An updated version of ICEpy4D can be found in the Github repository https://github.com/franioli/icepy4d </li></ol>

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Data and code for manuscript ``Insights on the vulnerability of Antarctic glaciers from the ISMIP6 ice sheet model ensemble and associated uncertainty''

Supporting data and code for manuscript:Seroussi, H., Verjans, V., Nowicki, S., Payne, A. J., Goelzer, H., Lipscomb, W. H., Abe-Ouchi, A., Agosta, C., Albrecht, T., Asay-Davis, X., Barthel, A., Calov, R., Cullather, R., Dumas, C., Galton-Fenzi, B. K., Gladstone, R., Golledge, N. R., Gregory, J. M., Greve, R., Hattermann, T., Hoffman, M. J., Humbert, A., Huybrechts, P., Jourdain, N. C., Kleiner, T., Larour, E., Leguy, G. R., Lowry, D. P., Little, C. M., Morlighem, M., Pattyn, F., Pelle, T., Price, S. F., Quiquet, A., Reese, R., Schlegel, N.-J., Shepherd, A., Simon, E., Smith, R. S., Straneo, F., Sun, S., Trusel, L. D., Van Breedam, J., Van Katwyk, P., van de Wal, R. S. W., Winkelmann, R., Zhao, C., Zhang, T., and Zwinger, T.: Insights into the vulnerability of Antarctic glaciers from the ISMIP6 ice sheet model ensemble and associated uncertainty, The Cryosphere, 17, 5197–5217, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-5197-2023, 2023. It contains the code to prepare the datasets, to create the figures and the data for the analysis, and the scalar values computed for the 198 Antarctic glaciers stored by ice flow models.The files Glacier_XX contain the data to emulate the results for individual glaciers.The files Antarctica and AntarcticaWithCtrl contain the data to emulate the results for the Antarctic runs without and with the ctrl_proj experiment.The files GROUP_ICEFLOW contain the ice flow model data for all the experiments recomputed for the 198 glaciers in Antarctica.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

2020-2022-glacier-elevation-change-data-in-Muztag-Ata-and-Western-Nyainqentanglha-from-Pleiades-DEMs

This data set provides outlier removed, gap filled elevation change values (in meters) of the glaciers in the Muztagh Ata and Western Nyainqentanglha massif in High Mountain Asia from 2020 to 2022.