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549 results for “use of habitat”
Pinyon jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) nest site selection in central New Mexico: Habitat Data to be used with AICc
<p>Pinyon Jays (<i>Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus</i>) are experiencing range wide population declines primarily in response to habitat degradation. Studies examining Pinyon Jay nest site selection in pinyon-juniper woodlands would be helpful in determining potential habitat management prescriptions. Therefore, we conducted a nest site selection study in Pinyon Jay breeding habitat in central New Mexico. We compared size and foliage characteristics of pinyon and juniper trees in 42 17.5-m radius plots around Pinyon Jay nests to 41 same-sized vegetation plots in random locations using binomial generalized linear models. The strongest model indicated that Pinyon Jays preferred nesting in areas with fewer dead juniper trees within pinyon-juniper habitats. Furthermore, Pinyon Jays built nests in pinyon and juniper trees with greater height (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and nests were built below the average tree height in the plot (<i>p </i>= 0.001). Results suggest selective cutting of dead juniper and retention of tall, live pinyon or juniper trees may be used in pinyon-juniper woodlands to improve Pinyon Jay nesting habitat in the western United States.</p>
Habitat use by juvenile salmon, other migratory fish, and resident fish species underscores the importance of estuarine habitat mosaics
<p>Interfacing with land and sea, estuaries support a mosaic of habitats that underpin the production of many coastal fisheries. These ecosystems are threatened by multiple stressors, including habitat loss and climate change, but the relative importance of estuarine habitat types for different fish species remains poorly understood since direct habitat comparisons are rare. This knowledge gap is exemplified in temperate estuaries by salmon—ecologically and commercially important species that use estuaries during their migrations to and from the ocean. Here, we tested for species-specific habitat use by sampling fishes in 3 interconnected estuarine habitats (brackish marsh, eelgrass, and sand flat), across seasons and temperature regimes. We quantified fish species richness, community distinctness, and catches (of Chinook and chum salmon, other migratory fishes, and resident fishes) in the Pacific Northwest’s heavily urbanized Fraser River estuary, the terminus of what was once the world’s most productive salmon basin. Overall, eelgrass habitat supported the greatest fish species richness (n = 37) and catches (37402 fish), exceeding that of both the marsh (19 species, 7154 fish) and sand flat (22 species, 6697 fish). However, the majority of salmon were caught in the marsh (61%). These differences, coupled with our finding that at least one unique fish species inhabited each habitat (eelgrass = 15, marsh = 8, sand flat = 1), demonstrate species-specific habitat use and underscore the importance of connected seascapes for biodiversity conservation.</p>
Data from:Identification of landscape features influencing gene flow: how useful are habitat selection models?
Understanding how dispersal patterns are influenced by landscape heterogeneity is critical for modelling species connectivity. Resource selection function (RSF) models are increasingly used in landscape genetics approaches. However, because the ecological factors that drive habitat selection may be different from those influencing dispersal and gene flow, it is important to consider their explicit assumptions. We calculated pairwise genetic distances among 301 Alaskan Dall's sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) using an intensive sampling effort and 15 microsatellite loci. We used multiple regression of distance matrices to assess the correlation of pairwise genetic distance and landscape resistance derived from an RSF, and combinations of landscape features hypothesized to influence dispersal. Dall's sheep gene flow was positively correlated with steep slopes, moderate peak normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI), and open land cover. Whereas RSF covariates were significant in predicting genetic distance, the RSF model itself was not significantly correlated with Dall's sheep gene flow, suggesting that certain habitat features important seasonally (rugged terrain, mid-range elevation) were not influential to breeding dispersal. This work underscores that consideration of both habitat selection and landscape genetics models in developing conservation strategies will ensure resources are managed to meet both the immediate survival needs of a species and allow for long-term genetic connectivity.
Oceanographic drivers of winter habitat use in Cassin's auklets
<p>Reduced prey abundance and severe weather can lead to a greater risk of mortality for seabirds during the non-breeding winter months. Resource patterns in some regions are shifting and becoming more variable in relation to past conditions, potentially further impacting survival and carryover to the breeding season. As animal tracking technologies and methods to analyze movement data have advanced, it has become increasingly feasible to draw fine-scale inference about how environmental variation affects foraging behavior and habitat use of seabirds during this critical period. Here, we used archival light-sensing tags to evaluate how inter-annual variation in oceanography affected the winter distribution of Cassin's auklets from Southeast Farallon Island, California. Thirty-five out of 93 geolocators deployed from 2015–2017 were recovered and successfully recorded light-level data, from which geographic positions were estimated. Step-selection functions were applied to identify environmental covariates that best explained winter movement decisions and habitat use, revealing Cassin's auklets dispersed farther from the colony during a winter with warm SST anomalies, but remained more centralized near the breeding colony during two average winters. Movement patterns were driven by avoidance of areas with higher sea surface temperatures and possible limits of dispersal from the breeding colony, and selection for areas with well-defined mesoscale fronts and cooler surface waters. Through multiple years of tagging and the application of step-selection functions, a robust and widely applied approach for analyzing animal movement in terrestrial species, we show how inter-annual differences in the movement patterns of a small seabird are driven by oceanographic variability across years. Understanding the winter habitat use of seabirds can help inform changes in population structure and measures of reproductive success, aiding managers in determining potential causes of breeding failures.</p>
Data from: Environmental influences and ontogenetic differences in vertical habitat use of black marlin (Istiompax indica) in the southwestern Pacific
The black marlin (Istiompax indica) is a highly migratory billfish that occupies waters throughout the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific. To characterize the vertical habitat use of I. indica, we examined the temperature-depth profiles collected using 102 pop-up satellite archival tags deployed off the east coast of Australia. Modelling of environmental variables revealed location, sea-surface height deviation, mixed layer depth and dissolved oxygen to all be significant predictors of vertical habitat use. Distinct differences in diel movements were observed between the size classes, with larger size classes of marlin (greater than 50 kg) undertaking predictable bounce-diving activity during daylight hours, while diving behaviour of the smallest size class occurred randomly during both day and night. Overall, larger size classes of I. indica were found to use an increased thermal range and spend more time in waters below 150 m than fish of smaller size classes. The differences in the diving behaviour among size classes were suggested to reflect ontogenetic differences in foraging behaviour or physiology. The findings of this study demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, ontogenetic differences in vertical habitat in a species of billfish, and further the understanding of pelagic fish ecophysiology in the presence of global environmental change.
Supplementary material 1 from: Osawa T, Ueno Y, Nishida T, Nishihiro J (2020) Do both habitat and species diversity provide cultural ecosystem services? A trial using geo-tagged photos. Nature Conservation 38: 61-77. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.38.36166
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Supplementary material 2 from: Osawa T, Ueno Y, Nishida T, Nishihiro J (2020) Do both habitat and species diversity provide cultural ecosystem services? A trial using geo-tagged photos. Nature Conservation 38: 61-77. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.38.36166
: Explanation note: All objects were not the threaten species itself.
Range expansion, habitat use and choosiness in a butterfly under climate change: marginality and tolerance of oviposition site selection
<p>Poleward range shifts under climate change involve the colonization of new sites and hence the foundation of new populations at the expanding edge. We studied oviposition site selection in a butterfly under range expansion (<i>Lycaena dispar</i>), a key process for the establishment of new populations. We described and compared the microhabitats used by the species for egg laying with those available across the study sites both in edge and in core populations. We carried out an ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA) to estimate (1) the variety of microhabitats used by the butterfly for egg laying (tolerance) and (2) the extent to which these selected microhabitats deviated from those available (marginality). Microhabitat availability was similar in edge and core populations. Ambient temperature recorded at the site level above the vegetation was on average lower at core populations. In contrast with what is often assumed, edge populations did not have narrower microhabitat use compared to core populations. Females in edge populations even showed a higher degree of generalism: they laid eggs under a wider range of microhabitats. We suggest that this pattern could be related to an overrepresentation of fast deciding personalities in edge populations. We also showed that the thermal time window for active female behaviour was reduced in edge populations, which could significantly decrease the time budget for oviposition and increase the threshold of acceptance during microhabitat selection for oviposition in recently established populations.</p>
Data from: Species diversity and habitat use of birds in Menagesha Suba State Forest, central highlands of Ethiopia
<p class="CxSpFirst">This study was carried out to investigate the species diversity and habitat use of birds in the Menagesha Suba State forest and surrounding farmland. The study was conducted from July 2018 to January 2019 during the wet and dry seasons. The study area was stratified based on the dominant habitat types. A standardized survey technique was employed using <span>systematically established point counts for all habitat types</span>. EstimateS software (version 9.1) and Chi-square test were applied to analyze the data. A total of 122 bird species belonging to 14 orders and 49 families were identified in the study area during the two-season surveys. There was a statistically significant difference in the relative abundance of species among habitat types (χ2=81.928, df = 2, p<0.05). During both seasons, the highest bird diversity was observed in farmland (H'=3.65), followed by plantation forest (H'=3.52). The lowest and highest distributions were observed in natural forests (J=0.77) and plantation forests (J=0.89), respectively. Variations in the number of bird species were observed among the three habitats. Species similarity was highest between natural forests and plantation forests during both the dry and wet seasons. There was a statistically significant difference in habitat use of bird species among the three habitat types either when seasons were considered separately (dry season: χ2 = 22.825, df = 6, P<0.05; wet season: χ2 = 22.186, df = 6, P<0.05) or when combined (χ2 = 26.658, df = 6, P<0.05). The Menagesha Suba State forest is rich in endemic bird species to Ethiopia and shared with Eritrea, and more than 15% of bird species distributions are locally rare. There is a need for a detailed study of long duration on the diversity and other ecological aspects of forest bird species should be conducted to get exhaustive information.</p>
Project data for: Juvenile salmon habitat use drives variation in growth and highlights vulnerability to river fragmentation
<p>Project data for:</p> <p>Sethi SA, Carey MP, Gerken J, Harris B, Cunningham C, Wolf N, Restrepo F, Ashline J (2022) Juvenile salmon habitat use drives variation in growth and highlights vulnerability to river fragmentation. <em>Ecosphere</em>. In press.</p> <p>Files include a ReadMe text file and a .csv data file.</p>
Data from: Cultural transmission of tool use combined with habitat specializations leads to fine-scale genetic structure in bottlenose dolphins
[No abstract entered]
Using the Area of Habitat to assess the extent of protection of India's birds
<p>India hosts multiple global biodiversity hotspots while being one of the most populous countries in the world. Here, we examine how well India has protected its avifauna, based on the fraction of their ranges falling within "protected areas." India has protected 5% of its land this way. The issue is whether India has done better than expected in protecting its threatened species. To this end, we assessed 99 Near Threatened, Threatened, and small-ranged species by estimating their Area of Habitat (AOH). We refined published species ranges using secondary information on elevation limits and habitat preferences. More than half (52) of the species assessed have their AOH <30% of their published ranges, while 31 have <10%. India has protected 87 threatened species' AOH more than expected (>5%), and for 33 species, the proportion protected exceeds the Aichi target (>17%). When we consider the top 10% richest regions as hotspots, only 9.2% of their total area falls under India's protected area network, inadequately covering areas with most threatened birds. We also discuss the conservation concerns for grassland and open habitat species across India, since we find that substantial proportions of their AOHs fall outside protected areas. This result highlights the significance of alternative conservation models, including other effective area-based conservation measures. We show that species' AOH provides a more realistic well-informed range that can aid in assessing their protection status.</p>
Mesopredators have differing influences on prey habitat use and diel activity in a multipredator landscape
<p>A repository with data and code used for Palomo et al. (in press).</p>
Fig. 3 in Can artificial retreat sites help frogs recover after severe habitat devastation? Insights on the use of "coqui houses" after Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico
Fig. 3. Eleutherodactylus coqui perching on natural habitat. (A) Female on branch. (B) Male on tree trunk.
FIGURE 3 in Habitat use, trophic, and occurrence patterns of Inpaichthys kerri and Hyphessobrycon vilmae (Pisces: Characidae) in Amazonian streams
FIGURE 3 | Biplot resulting from the principal component analysis (PCA) from ecomorphological data, showing the position of 30 individuals of Inpaichthys kerri and 30 of Hyphessobrycon vilmae in the ecomorphological space, represented by the two first axis (PC1 and PC2) and analyzed from 22 ecomorphological attributes. Arrow indicates the variation of the most important attributes (see Tab. 2).
FIGURE 1 in Habitat use, trophic, and occurrence patterns of Inpaichthys kerri and Hyphessobrycon vilmae (Pisces: Characidae) in Amazonian streams
FIGURE 1 | Lateral view of A. Inpaichthys kerri, 34 mm SL; and B. Hyphessobrycon vilmae, 32 mm SL. Photos: A. R. Manzotti.
Fig. 1 in Use of otolith strontium:calcium and zinc:calcium ratios as an indicator of the habitat of Percophis brasiliensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean
Fig. 1. Sampling sites of the Brazilian flathead, Percophis brasiliensis, in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean.
Figure 1 in Changes in the feeding behavior and habitat use of the desert hedgehog Paraechinus aethiopicus (Ehrenberg 1832, Eulipotyphla: Erinaceidae), in Saudi Arabia
Figure 1. Comparison of food items in the stomach contents of males and females of the desert hedgehogs P. aethiopicus collected from the five study sites in Saudi Arabia.
Figure 3 from: Segovia JMG, Neco LC, Willemart RH (2018) On the habitat use of the Neotropical whip spider Charinus asturius (Arachnida: Amblypygi). Zoologia 35: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e12874
Figure 3 The whip spider Charinus asturius (left side, carapace length ~ 4 mm) and a recluse spider Loxosceles sp. (right side) sharing the undersurface of a rock.
Figure 2 from: Segovia JMG, Neco LC, Willemart RH (2018) On the habitat use of the Neotropical whip spider Charinus asturius (Arachnida: Amblypygi). Zoologia 35: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e12874
Figure 2 The distance between juveniles to juveniles (J-J), females to males (F-M) and female to female (F-F) conspecifcs of Charinus asturius. See text for more details. Vertical bars correspond to the median, whiskers indicate 1.5 times the interquartile range of the data (right or left the first and third quartiles), The point is an outlier.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.