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Figure 5 in Mosquitofish life history in a Mediterranean wetland

Figure 5. Frequency of reproductive females (Fr) per 1 mm SL interval.

Figure 4 in Mosquitofish life history in a Mediterranean wetland

Figure 4. Growth lines of females and males obtained using the ELEFAN I method.

Figure 6 in Mosquitofish life history in a Mediterranean wetland

Figure 6. Correlation between embryo number per observed stage (N) and female size (mean ¡SD).

Figure 2 in Mosquitofish life history in a Mediterranean wetland

Figure 2. Fulton index trend during the study period (by sex).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2009View details →

Fig. 1 in Social wasps of Wetland Kerkini, northern Greece (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae, Polistinae)

Fig. 1: A schematic map of Wetland Kerkini and its position in Greece.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2013View details →

Fig. 4 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore

Fig. 4. Percentage frequency distribution of snout-vent length (SVL) of Cerberus schneiderii.

opencc-zeroAug 2021View details →

Effects of released farmed mallards on species richness of breeding waterbirds and amphibians in natural, restored, and constructed wetlands

Common practices in current game management are wetland restoration and creation, as well as releases of quarry species. We studied the impact of releases of mallard ducklings on species richness of wild waterbirds and amphibians on three types of wetlands: natural, constructed and restored. Data on species richness, macrophyte cover and water characteristics (total phosphorous and pH) were collected at 32 sites in an agricultural landscape in southern Sweden. In total, 14 species of waterbirds were recorded, ranging from zero to seven per wetland and survey. Amphibians were present in 24 of the 32 wetlands; in total five species were found, ranging from zero to three per wetland. By using generalized linear modelling we found that wetland type best predicted waterbird species richness. Constructed wetlands had significantly more waterbird species, regardless of whether they were used for mallard releases or not. There were breeding amphibians in 62% of natural, 100% of restored and 77% of constructed wetlands. Breeding amphibians were present in 84% of wetlands without, and in 62% of wetlands with releases. However, included variables did not explain amphibian species richness in the wetlands. Releasing large numbers of mallards on a wetland and providing food ad libitum is likely to affect water quality, nutrient availability and predation pressure. Indeed, phosphorous levels were significantly higher in release wetlands, but no differences were found between wetland types.This means that mallard releases may increase nutrient loads in environments that are already eutrophied. However, in our study system releases did not influence species richness of waterbirds and amphibians locally. Constructing wetlands for mallard releases can thus have positive local effects on species richness.

opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Figure 5 in Acridomorpha (Orthoptera) species associated with the protected wetlands of Santa Lucía, Montevideo, Uruguay

Figure 5. Acumulation species curve of Acridomorpha collected from Humedales de Santa Lucía.

opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Figure 1 in Acridomorpha (Orthoptera) species associated with the protected wetlands of Santa Lucía, Montevideo, Uruguay

Figure 1. Study area: Humedales de Santa Lucía. Montevideo, Uruguay

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

Mangrove wetland restoration in China

The large-scale conversion of natural mangroves to aquaculture reduces species richness and diversity. Large areas of abandoned aquaculture ponds in areas where mangroves formerly predominated in China and Southeast Asia represent important potential effective targets for mangrove restoration. Here, we empirically assessed the α-diversity (species richness) and β-diversity (variation in community composition) of mangrove, macrobenthos, fish, and waterbird in a tropical mangrove bay on Hainan Island, China. We compared sites subjected to different pond-to-mangrove restoration programs more than 20 years ago (passive restoration without planting, and active restoration with planting) to nearby reference site with natural mangrove forests and mudflats. To better understand how β-diversity responds to restoration, we also distinguished between β-diversity turnover and nestedness (richness difference). In general, α-diversity values for both fish and waterbird communities, and β-diversity values for the mangrove, macrobenthos, and waterbird communities were lower at the restoration sites than at the reference site, suggesting that the strong homogenizing effects of anthropogenic habitat alternation was still apparent after more than 20 years since aquaculture ceased. In addition, spatial turnover, not nestedness, dominated total β-diversity both across the whole study area and at individual sites, suggesting that multiple processes, such as environmental filtering, helped to shape multi-taxa community structures. Moreover, we found no evidence that planting in the abandoned ponds, in addition to standard hydrological restoration, supported greater species diversity of taxa like macrobenthos and waterbird than the naturally regenerated site after more than 20 years' recovery. Our results underline the importance of avoiding the conversion of natural mangrove stands to aquaculture wherever possible, and the urgent need to design effective mangrove restoration techniques in tropical Asia.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Monitoring vertebrate biodiversity of a protected coastal wetland using eDNA metabarcoding

Monitoring plans using environmental DNA have the potential to offer a standardized and cost-efficient method to survey biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems. Among these ecosystems, coastal wetlands are key elements that serve as transition zones between marine and freshwater ecosystems and are today the target of many conservation and restoration efforts. In this sense, eDNA monitoring could provide a rapid and efficient tool for studying and generating baseline biodiversity information to guide coastal wetland management programs. Here we test an eDNA metabarcoding assay as a tool to characterize vertebrate biodiversity in one of the largest coastal wetlands of Chile, the Rio Cruces Wetland, a Ramsar designated site since 1981. We sampled surface water from 49 sites along the entire wetland. Our eDNA approach detected 91 genera of vertebrates including amphibians, fishes, mammals, and birds, as well as identified several cryptic, exotic, and endangered species. Our results also indicated that the spatial distribution of eDNA from different species is spatially structured despite the complex hydrodynamics inherent in this wetland due to the influence of daily tidal regimes. For amphibians and fishes, the number of taxa detected with eDNA was higher in the periphery of the wetland, and increased with proximity to the ocean, a pattern consistent with small-scale spatial sensitivity for some species and eDNA accumulation downstream for others. Birds and mammals showed somewhat more idiosyncratic distributions. Taken together our results add to the growing body of evidence showing eDNA can serve as a rapid cost-effective tool to characterize vertebrate communities in protected coastal wetlands, where visual surveys are difficult and animal collections are often prohibited. The use of multiple primer sets is also recommended as it facilitates the detection of ephemeral terrestrial organisms and resident aquatic organisms that make use of these wetlands.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Supporting data for: Coastal wetland adaptability to sea level rise: the neglected role of semi-diurnal versus diurnal tides

Dataset necessary to reproduce the analyses and results presented in the paper. Belliard, J.-P., Gourgue, O., Govers, G., Kirwan, M.L., & Temmerman, S. (2022) Coastal wetland adaptability to sea level rise: the neglected role of semi-diurnal versus diurnal tides, submitted to Limnology & Oceanography Letters. The dataset contains: • The source codes of the zero-dimensional numerical model, parametrized for the two model experiments, and the Matlab scripts to generate model input data (pre-processing). • The scripts to perform geospatial analysis in order to select data from the various compiled and acquired (meta-)datasets and the scripts to perform subsequent multi-variate analyses applied to these selected data. • The processed data that are reported and represented in figures in the associated manuscript. • The Matlab scripts to generate the figures of the manuscript based on these processed data • The readme file detailing the contents of every data file, model subroutine and processing script.  • The metadata document • The excel file "SET_dataset.xlsx" which contains all compiled SET records used in this study (see manuscript) • The original reference (published sources) "SET_dataset_original_references.docx" associated with each SET record compiled.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Dataset for: Breeding populations of Marbled Godwits and Willets have high annual survival and strong site fidelity to managed wetlands

The Prairie Pothole Region of central Canada supports a diverse community of breeding waterbirds but many species have declining populations and the demographic mechanisms driving the declines remain unknown. We conducted a 7-year field study during 1995–2001 to investigate the demographic performance of Marbled Godwits (Limosa fedoa) and Willets (Tringa semipalmata) breeding in managed wetlands near Brooks, Alberta. Mark-recapture analyses based on Cormack-Jolly-Seber models revealed that the annual rates of apparent survival for Marbled Godwits (phi-hat = 0.934 ± 0.015SE) and Willets (phi-hat = 0.849 ± 0.018SE) are among the highest rates of survivorship reported for any breeding or nonbreeding population of large-bodied shorebirds. Our estimates of life expectancy for males were comparable to longevity records in godwits (E-hat = 17.3 years ± 5.8SE vs. 25-29+ years) and Willets (E- hat = 7.7 ± 1.5SE vs. 10+ years). The two species both showed strong breeding site fidelity but differed in rates of mate fidelity. Pairs that reunited and males that switched mates usually nested <300 m from their previous nests whereas females that switched mates usually moved longer distances >1.1 to 1.5 km. Returning pairs usually reunited in godwits (85%) but not in Willets (28%), possibly because of species differences in adult survival or patterns of migration. Baseline estimates of annual survival for banded-only birds will be useful for evaluating the potential effects of new tracking tags or the environmental changes that have occurred during the past 20 years. Conservation strategies for large-bodied shorebirds should be focused on reduction of exposure to anthropogenic mortality because low rates of natural mortality suggest that losses to collisions at breeding sites or harvest at nonbreeding areas are likely to cause additive mortality.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2021View details →

Western Mediterranean Wetlands Bird Dataset

Manually labelled dataset of bird recordings from the species of interest inhabiting in the wetlands of the "Aiguamolls del Empordà" natural park in Girona, Spain. Concretely, the bird species that compose the dataset are: Acrocephalus arundinaceus Acrocephalus melanopogon Acrocephalus scirpaceus Alcedo atthis Anas strepera Anas platyrhynchos Ardea purpurea Botaurus stellaris Charadrius alexandrinus Ciconia ciconia Circus aeruginosus Coracias garrulus Dendrocopos minor Fulica atra Gallinula chloropus Himantopus himantopus Ixobrychus minutus Motacilla flava Porphyrio porphyrio Tachybaptus ruficollis The dataset includes 5,795 annotated audio clips generated from a source of 1,098 recordings retrieved from the Xeno-Canto portal, adding up to a total of 201.6 minutes (12,096 seconds) of vocalizations of different lengths, alongside with their corresponding annotations. And second, we also share the Mel spectrogram version of the dataset, where each image corresponds to 1-second window of the original audio, resulting in a total of 17,536 spectrogram images stored in matrix form in .npy files.   We would like to acknowledge all the Xeno-Canto community and their contributors for making the creation of the dataset possible. Specially, we would like to thank the following contributors for giving us special permission to use their recordings in this work despite having uploaded them on the Xeno-Cano portal under the terms BY-NC-ND: Anhäuser, Arnold Meijer, Bodo Sonnenburg, Chie-Jen Jerome Ko, Ding Li Yong, Eveny Luis, Fernand Deroussen (Sonothèque du MNHN), Hans Matheve, Herman van der Meer, Itziar Gutiérrez, Jacques Prevost, Jarek Matusiak, Jérémy Simar, Joost van Bruggen, Krzysztof Deoniziak, Lars Lachmann, Mandar Bhagat, Marc Anderson, Marco Dragonetti (www.birdsongs.it), Matthias, Feuersenger, Maudoc, Niels Krabbe, Patrick Franke, Peter Boesman, Piotr Szczypinski, Ruud van Beusekom. The complete list of Xeno-Canto contributors that enabled the creation of this dataset is: Ruslan Mazuryk, Anhäuser, Regina Eidner, Stephan Risch, Vincent Pourchaire, Piotr Szczypinski, Beatrix Saadi-Varchmin, Leszek Matacz, Joao Tomás, LEONCINI, Ireneusz Oleksik, Manuel Grosselet, guus van duin, Niels Krabbe, J. Veeken, François Bouzendorf, Jordi Calvet, Markus Jacobs, Bodo Sonnenburg, Albert Lastukhin, Olivier SWIFT, Leif Arvidsson, Marc Schweitzer, Marco Dragonetti, Fernand DEROUSSEN, Thijs Fijen, Tero Linjama, David Marques, Omar Alshaheen, Arend Wassink, Marcin Sołowiej, Mano Rathgeber, Stanislas Wroza, Manuel Schweizer, Jerome Fischer, R. Martin, Lukas Thiess, Étienne Leroy, Charlie Bodin, Peter Boesman, Cografikus, Gregory Askew, Jacques PREVOST, Joost van Bruggen, David Bissett, Sonnenburg, Jorge Leitão, Peter Ericsson, brickegickel, W. Agster, Jack Berteau, Bram Vogels, Jérémy Simar, Francesco Sottile, Hans Matheve, Patrik Åberg, Anon Torimi, Ashley Saunders, Sreekumar Chirukandoth, Nelson Conceição, Bertrand Dallet, Michał Jezierski, Teet Sirotkin, Yeo SB, Albert Noorlander, MERCIER Christophe, Joe Sparey, Herman van der Meer, Jarek Matusiak, Matthias Feuersenger, Eetu Paljakka, Nick Komar, Jim Holmes, GABRIEL LEITE, Sue Riffe, Sudipto Roy, Mike Nelson, Eveny Luis, Andrew Spencer, Mandar Bhagat, Martin St-Michel, Dilip KG, Timo Schnabel, Gerard OLIVIER, Ruud van Beusekom, Bram Piot, John Allcock, David Darrell-Lambert, Louis Sallé, Louis A. Hansen, Patrick Franke, Krzysztof Deoniziak, Antoni Knychała, Björn Karlsson, Ilkka Heiskanen, Mikael Litsgård, Alain Malengreau, Adam Gruszczyński, Miro Demko, David Farrow, Yannick Jacob, Anders During, Ulf Elman, José Carlos Sires, Josh Jones, Yong Ding Li, Hemprich, Matt Slaymaker, Tom Beeke, Martin Sutherland, Lars Lachmann, AUDEVARD Aurélien, Yoann Blanchon, Aline SPRIET, Volker Arnold, Edmunds Racinskis, Bernard BOUSQUET, Tomas Belka, Guillet Paul, Arkadiusz Fröhlich, Dries Van de Loock, Aladdin, maudoc, Sean Ronayne, Jose A. Neila Ballesteros, Paweł Malczyk, Antero Lindholm, Elias A. Ryberg, Karol Kustusch, Andre et Odile BOUCHER, Johan Råghall, Jelmer Poelstra, Erik Roels, Terje Kolaas, Nikolay Sariev, Tom Wulf, Lars Edenius, Karl-Birger Strann, Ad Postma, Hannu Varkki, Daniel Beuker, G Berger, Twan Mols, Dominic Garcia-Hall, Gerda van Deelen, Vincent Martens, Andrew Harrop, Jan-Kees Bossenbroek, Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart, Will Scott, James P, Christophe Legrand, Frederik Fluyt, Simon Gillings, Antoine Salmon, riou, Thomas ARMAND, Christof van Ackere, James Lidster, Jan Lindström, Nicholas Galea, Niels Van Doninck, Vincent Palomares, Harry Hussey, jaap oosterhuis, Alain Verneau, Juha Saari, Trevor Lee, Åukasz Wawrzyniak, Xavier Riera, Nicole Bouglouan, Cisticola juncidis, Lynette Rudman, Benjamin Drillat, Jorick van Arneym, Tim Cockcroft, Daniel Hinckley, Barry Edmonston, Stein Ø. Nilsen, Oscar Campbell, Ramesh Desai, Chie-Jen Jerome Ko, julien Rochefort, Lars Adler Krogh, Ashley Banwell, Lüthi Thomas, Arnold Meijer, Vlad Amarghioalei, Piotr Szczypiński, Karri Kuitunen, Richard Dunn, Nicolas Martinez, Guido O. Keijl, Carlos W., PAULUS, Esperanza Poveda, Itziar Gutiérrez, Rolf A. de By, Marc Anderson, Dawid Jablonski, Dimitri, Roby, Faansie Peacock, Larsgunnar Nilsson, Ding Li Yong.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Patterns and determinants of plant-derived lignin phenols in coastal wetlands: implications for organic C accumulation

1. As a major plant-derived soil organic carbon (SOC) component, lignin phenols are unique biomarkers that reflect biogeochemical characteristics under different vegetation compositions and climatic zones in coastal wetlands. However, the latitudinal patterns of plant-derived lignin phenols to SOC and their link with the stability and controlling mechanisms remain poorly understood. 2. A total of 156 soil samples from 39 sites along a 5000 km coastal transect, were taken to explore the effects of biological and environmental controls on the patterns of lignin phenols. Lignin phenols had contents ranging from 1.91 to 83.3 mg g−1 OC, and a positive correlation was detected in grass-dominated salt marsh, but a weakly negative correlation in mangrove. Positive correlations between SOC or lignin content and C/V or S/V (the cinnamyl- or syringyl-to-vanillyl) ratios were found, while overall negative correlations between SOC or lignin content and (Ad/Al)V or (Ad/Al)S (the acid-to-aldehyde of vanillyl or syringyl units) ratios were detected, respectively, which confirmed the validity of these lignin biomarker degradation parameters. 3. Our findings revealed that plant C inputs and monomer ratios directly influenced the capacity of lignin phenols in soils. Lignin content and stabilization was mainly controlled by soil properties (i.e., pH, EC, sand/clay). Mean annual temperature (MAT) influenced the patterns of lignin phenols both directly by increasing decomposition and indirectly by changing the vegetation and soil biogeochemistry (i.e., microbial substrate availability). 4. Coastal wetlands are characterized by high primary productivity and C burial rate, yet plant-derived lignin phenols are not as much as we thought compared to microbial residues C. Precise identification and quantification of the origin, decomposition, and determinants of lignin phenols help us understand their contribution to C sequestration and its response to climate and environmental changes.

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

Field margins as substitute habitat for the conservation of birds in agricultural wetlands; Supplementary information

Supplementary material, dataset and script links to the research paper submit for recommendation by PCI Ecology.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Optimal prey for red fox cubs – an example of dual optimizing foraging strategy in foxes from a dynamic wetland habitat

The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the most abundant mesopredator in the Central-European region. Detailed knowledge about their feeding behavior is important both from ecological and wildlife management reasons. Food choices of foxes are poorly predictable in high-biodiversity marshlands. The main aim of our study was to sample parallel the main food-type abundances in the study area and analyze the diet of fox cubs and cohabiting adults across three years during the period of maternal dependence of the cubs. According to the optimal foraging theory, we predicted that the cubs' diet would show higher energy content, would be more varied, and the individual prey species fed to the young would be larger. We analyzed the composition of adult fox and cub fecal samples collected separately around dens in a marshland of western Hungary, May 2014, 2017 and 2020, when the abundance values of main food sources differed. Rodents and waterfowl dominated the diet, but their relative occurrence in the samples showed yearly variations. We found that vixens follow a dual optimizing foraging strategy regarding their provisioning of the cubs and their own diet. Adult foxes optimized their diet according to the actual yearly abundances of their main food sources. Additionally, they preferred prey items that can be consumed at the site of capture (large carrion and small individual prey items). Cubs on the other hand were provisioned with optimal high-energy food, even if those in question became less abundant in that year. Vixens mostly fed to their young either larger rodents and waterfowl, or multiple small rodents at a time – these types of prey are both optimal for transportation as a single load. Providing optimal prey at an early age in a changing environment may contribute to the ecological success of the red fox.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Remote sensing and ecological variables related to Influenza A prevalence and subtype diversity in wild birds in the Lluta wetland of northern Chile

Supplemental material for manuscript, tables 1 and 2

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

Data for: Patterns of species diversity in a network of artificial wetlands

Aim Artificial island habitats such as human-made wetlands are emerging novel ecosystems. Understanding the drivers of diversity in such artificial systems is essential for balancing the goals of biodiversity conservation and human socio-economic needs. Location Telangana State, India. Methods We surveyed water birds in a network of 57 artificial wetlands and assessed four macroecological biodiversity patterns: spatial beta diversity, temporal beta diversity, species-abundance distributions (SADs), and the species–area relationship (SAR). We employed a mix of phenomenological and mechanistic models to examine the four macro-ecological patterns. We hypothesised that the wetland bird communities are primarily structured by immigration–extinction dynamics and thus that spatial and temporal beta diversity would be high, the within-wetland SADs would exhibit a large number of rare species and a monotonically declining overall shape, and that the SAR across wetlands would be strongly increasing. Results Spatial and temporal beta diversity were both high and mostly attributable to turnover rather than nestedness. While the pooled SAD exhibited an interior mode, the SAD for individual wetlands was generally log-series distributed, consistent with a model in which immigration among wetlands is high. The SAR exhibited an increasing trend, with the "small-island effect", which reflects constraints on immigration and is often observed for true island archipelagos, being absent. Main Conclusions We tentatively conclude that bird diversity in this network of artificial wetlands is mainly structured by immigration–extinction dynamics, although we acknowledge that some of the patterns are also consistent with niche dynamics and future research should measure relevant biotic and abiotic variables in these wetlands. We encourage future work in which our rich data set is used to fit dynamic models that permit more detailed quantitative inferences about mechanisms structuring diversity in this novel ecosystem, which can ultimately also inform conservation management.