Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 14 in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 14. Cotesia australiensis (Ashmead, 1900). A. Propodeum, T1–3 (ANIC 32 151536). B. Mesosoma (ANIC 32 151535). C. Habitus in lateral view (ANIC 32 151532).

Fig. 13 in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 13. Cotesia anthelae (Wilkinson, 1928). A. Paratype (NHMUK 3.c.002). B–E. Holotype (NHMUK 3.c.002). A. Propodeum and T1–2. B. Anteromesoscutum. C. Fore wing. D. Habitus in lateral view. E. Head in anterior view.

Fig. 11. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 11. A. Cotesia australiensis (Ashmead, 1900), fore wing vein r straight (ANIC 32 151532). B. C. scripta sp. nov., fore wing vein r subtly curved (holotype, MV T22495). C. C. lasallei sp. nov., fore wing vein r straight (holotype, SAMA 32-44401). D. C. medusae sp. nov., fore wing vein r straight (paratype QM T246705).

Fig. 9. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 9. A. Cotesia sp. nr icipe, medial posterior band of the scutellum (WINC, Cox Scrub). B. C. lasallei sp. nov., medial posterior band of the scutellum (holotype, SAMA 32-44401).

Fig. 8. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 8. A. Cotesia kazak (Telenga, 1949), anteromesoscutum (WINC, Mariginiup specimen). B. C. reidarum sp. nov., anteromesoscutum (holotype, QM T246703).

Fig. 4. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 4. A. Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834), T3 (ANIC 32 130230). B. Cotesia vestalis (Haliday, 1834), T3 (WINC).

Fig. 7. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 7. A. Cotesia ocellata sp. nov., head in dorsal view (holotype, SAMA 32-44404). B. C. rubecula (Marshall, 1885), head in dorsal view (WINC).

Fig. 3. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 3. A. Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834), scutellar disk (ANIC 32 130230). B. C. rufiventris (Bingham, 1906), scutellar disk (paralectotype NHMUK).

Fig. 6. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 6. A. Cotesia nonagriae (Olliff, 1893), Giru, Australia (WINC). B. C. nonagriae, Bundaberg Australia (WINC). C. C. flavipes Cameron 1981, Indonesia (WINC).

Fig. 2. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 2. A. Cotesia ocellata sp. nov., T1 (SAMA 32-44404). B. Cotesia reidarum sp. nov., T1 (QM T246703). C. Cotesia deliadis (Bingham, 1906), T1 (paralectotype, NHMUK).

Fig. 1 in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 1. Map of Australia showing the collection locations of the seven newly described species of Cotesia as well as a Bayesian phylogeny of these species and the other Cotesia spp. known to occur in Australia with publically available COI data. Species listed in black are those treated in this study, whilst those in grey are not treated due to being represented by single specimens, or are BOLD sequences that fall outside the rest of that species clade and are therefore possible misidentifications. BOLD codes for these single specimens are given at the end of the label in the tree. Symbols on the map correspond to the symbols on the phylogeny. Bayesian posterior probability values of ± 95 are represented by *, whilst those of 90–94 inclusive are represented by °. The number of sequences in collapsed clades are given in brackets (n = x). Outgroups have been removed for simplicity.

Fig. 5. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 5. A. Cotesia nonagriae (Olliff, 1893), head and mesosoma in lateral view. B. Cotesia ocellata sp. nov., head and mesosoma in lateral view (holotype, SAMA 32-44404).

Fig. 10. A in Synopsis of the parasitoid wasp genus Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) in Australia, with the description of seven new species

Fig. 10. A. Cotesia anthelae (Wilkinson, 1928), T2 (paratype, NHMUK 3.c.002). B. C. wonboynensis sp. nov., T2 (holotype ANIC 32 130294). C. C. medusae sp. nov., T2 (paratype, QM T246705). D. C. scripta sp. nov., T2 (paratype, MV T22495).

opencc-zeroDec 2019View details →

Quantitative genetics of wing morphology in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis: hosts increase sibling similarity

<p>The central aim of evolutionary biology is to understand patterns of genetic variation between species and within populations. To quantify the genetic variation underlying intraspecific differences, estimating quantitative genetic parameters of traits is essential. In Pterygota, wing morphology is an important trait affecting flight ability. Moreover, gregarious parasitoids such as Nasonia vitripennis oviposit multiple eggs in the same host, and siblings thus share a common environment during their development. Here we estimate the genetic parameters of wing morphology in the outbred HVRx population of N. vit-ripennis, using a sire-dam model adapted to haplodiploids and disentangled additive genetic effects and host effects. The results show that the wing size traits have low heritability (h2~0.1), while most wing shape traits have roughly twice the heritability compared to wing size traits. However, the estimates in-creased to h2~0.6 for wing size traits when omitt ing the host effect from the statistical model, while no meaningful increases were observed for wing shape traits. Overall, host effects contributed ~50% of the variation in wing size traits. This indicates that hosts have a large effect on wing size traits, about five-fold more than genetics. Moreover, bivariate analyses were conducted to derive the genetic relationships among traits. Overall, we demonstrate the evo-lutionary potential for morphological traits in the N. vitripennis HVRx outbred population and report the host effects on wing morphology. Our findings can contribute to a further dissection of the genetics underlying wing morphology in N. vitripennis, with relevance for gregarious parasitoids and possible other insects as well.</p>

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: A sex allocation cost to polyandry in a parasitoid wasp

The costs and benefits of polyandry are central to understanding the near-ubiquity of female multiple mating. Here, we present evidence of a novel cost of polyandry: disrupted sex allocation. In Nasonia vitripennis, a species that is monandrous in the wild but engages in polyandry under laboratory culture conditions, sexual harassment during oviposition results in increased production of sons under conditions that favour female-biased sex ratios. In addition, females more likely to re-mate under harassment produce the least female-biased sex ratios, and these females are unable to mitigate this cost by increasing offspring production. Our results therefore argue that polyandry does not serve to mitigate the costs of harassment (convenience polyandry) in Nasonia. Furthermore, because males benefit from female-biased offspring sex ratios, harassment of ovipositing females also creates a novel cost of that harassment for males.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Towards a general perspective on life-history evolution and diversification in parasitoid wasps

In attempting to explain the marked interspecific variation evident in many components of life-history in parasitoid wasps, biologists have sought to identify general predictors of suites of 'important' life-history traits. Two predictors currently in general use are: (1) the parasitoid mode of larval development in relation to future host growth and development [no further host growth and development (= idiobiosis) versus continued host growth and development (= koinobiosis)]; and (2) the ovigeny index (the degree to which the lifetime potential complement of eggs is mature at the start of adult life in females). These have been postulated to share several life-history correlates, and an earlier comparative analysis showed the predictors to be associated. Two questions are thus posed: which life-history variables are actually common to both idio/koinobiosis and the ovigeny index, and which are responsible for the link between these two axes of life-history diversity? Through comparative analyses of a database of life-history traits for 133 parasitoid wasp species, four life-history correlates out of the 11 we investigated are shown to account for the association between the two predictors: the relative level of resource investment per egg (degree of yolk richness, which is lower in koinobionts), pre-adult lifespan (longer in koinobionts), female lifespan (shorter in koinobionts), and maximum egg load (larger in koinobionts). Our findings pave the way for full integration of the dichotomous hypothesis with the ovigeny index hypothesis, to provide a holistic perspective on parasitoid wasp life-history diversity and evolution.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Compatible and incompatible pathogen-plant interactions differentially affect plant volatile emissions and the attraction of parasitoid wasps

The effects of multiple insect attacks on herbivore-induced plant volatiles and carnivorous arthropods are increasingly studied. Phytopathogens also represent an important threat to plants, and plant defense strategies against pathogens and insects are strongly interconnected, yet the potential impact of pathogens on insect-induced volatiles has been largely overlooked, and degree of pathogenicity rarely considered. We investigated how pathogen challenge, with virulent and avirulent strains of Xanthomonas campestris either alone or with simultaneous Pieris brassicae caterpillar herbivory, affected the volatile emissions of Brassica nigra plants. The impact of these volatiles on the foraging behavior of Cotesia glomerata parasitoids was then assessed. Pathogens themselves induced volatiles that were highly attractive to parasitoids, and enhanced the attractiveness of host-infested plant volatiles. Chemical analyses revealed that virulent and avirulent strains differentially induced plant volatiles, with primarily sesquiterpene, homoterpene and green leaf volatile compounds contributing to the differences. Strong similarities were found in the blends induced by the virulent strain and caterpillar herbivory. Challenge by either virulent or avirulent pathogens has a significant impact on plant chemistry and its interactions with other community members, demonstrating the importance of integrating pathogen- and insect-based research to broaden our knowledge of plant defenses under conditions of increasing complexity.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Time perception-based decision making in a parasitoid wasp

The capacity of animals to measure time and adjust their behaviors accordingly has been a topic of interest in vertebrates, but little evidence is currently available for insects. This capacity has yet to be properly investigated in parasitoid wasps, even though they are frequently used to test ecological models. Here, using associative learning between odors and time intervals, we show that the parasitoid wasp Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) has the capacity to measure time. When released in a wind tunnel, females flew toward an odor associated with the time interval they had just experienced. We also found that reducing energy expenditure by restraining parasitoid wasp movement during the training interval prevented time perception. This serves as experimental evidence of time perception in a parasitoid wasp, provides both a rare example of learning associated to a time interval in an insect and a mechanism by which these animals could optimize their behaviors, as well as suggesting a role for energy expenditure in its time perception mechanism.

opencc-zeroDec 2010View details →

Data from: Sexual selection on male development time in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis

Mating systems are shaped by a species' ecology, which sets the stage for sexual selection. Males of the gregarious parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis compete to mate virgin females at the natal site, before females disperse. Males could increase their fitness by being larger and monopolising female emergence sites, or by emerging earlier pre-empting access to females. We consider sexual selection on male body size and development tine in Nasonia, and a potential trade-off between the two traits. We explored sex-specific patterns of larval and pupal development, finding that smaller wasps developed slower than their host-mates. Using competition experiments between brothers we found that earlier eclosing males mated more females independently of absolute and relative body size. Our data explain the lack of relationship between fitness and body size in male Nasonia, and reinforce the importance of protandry in mating systems where access to mates is time-limited.