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Figure 2 from: Turan D, Aksu İ, Oral M, Kaya C, Bayçelebi E (2021) Contribution to the trout of Euphrates River, with description of a new species, and range extension of Salmo munzuricus (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(2): 471-482. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.72181
Figure 2 Salmo baliki, FFR 3242, holotype, 212 mm SL, male; Turkey: stream Sinek, a tributary of Murat River.
Figure 4 from: Turan D, Aksu İ, Oral M, Kaya C, Bayçelebi E (2021) Contribution to the trout of Euphrates River, with description of a new species, and range extension of Salmo munzuricus (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(2): 471-482. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.72181
Figure 4 Salmo baliki, FFR 3205, paratypes, a. 250 mm SL, male; b. 267 mm SL, female; Turkey: stream Sinek, a tributary of Murat River.
Figure 3 from: Turan D, Aksu İ, Oral M, Kaya C, Bayçelebi E (2021) Contribution to the trout of Euphrates River, with description of a new species, and range extension of Salmo munzuricus (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(2): 471-482. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.72181
Figure 3 Salmo baliki, FFR 3234, paratypes, a. 216 mm SL, male; b. 170 mm SL, male; c. 164 mm SL, female; Turkey: stream Sinek, a tributary of Murat River.
Figure 5 from: Turan D, Aksu İ, Oral M, Kaya C, Bayçelebi E (2021) Contribution to the trout of Euphrates River, with description of a new species, and range extension of Salmo munzuricus (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(2): 471-482. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.72181
Figure 5 Salmo munzuricus: a. FFR 3226, 211 mm SL, male; Turkey: Tunceli Prov., stream Kalan; b. FFR 3241, 205, male; Turkey: Muş Prov., stream Mengel; c. FFR 3226, 240, male; Turkey: Ağrı Prov., stream Alakoçlu.
Genetic divergence and diversity reflect a predominant freshwater resident life history in Rainbow Trout from southwestern Alaska
<p>Rainbow Trout <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> in southwestern Alaska occupy coastal watersheds near the northern boundary of the species native range and support a world class wild trout sport fishery. Although low freshwater temperatures and a short growing season in this region may favor anadromy, these populations appear to exhibit a freshwater resident life history strategy. In this study we used genetic data to evaluate two hypotheses regarding the influence of the presumed migratory behavior of these Rainbow Trout on reproductive isolation among and within watersheds. The results were largely consistent with the predictions but there were exceptions. The data supported the hypothesis that the freshwater resident behavior precludes marine-mediated gene flow resulting in large genetic divergence and low admixture among watersheds. The estimate of <i>F<sub>CT</sub></i> (among-watershed differentiation, 0.350) was large and reflected over 96% of the variation among all sampled aggregations (<i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> = 0.363). However, evidence of admixed individuals in two adjacent watersheds and five first generation migrants among five watersheds suggests that the potential for coastal migration with gene flow exists in these populations. The data also supported the hypothesis that aggregations formed within watersheds during the spawning period (May-June) represent reproductively isolated populations. The pairwise estimates of <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> and the <i>G</i>-test results revealed population structure in four of the six watersheds tested. However, not all aggregation pairs were found genetically distinct and there was notable variation in the pairwise <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> estimates (0.000 – 0.067). In summary, the data reflected the predicted results for each hypothesis, but also revealed exceptions that, consistent with tagging studies, demonstrate the complexity of migratory behavior in southwestern Alaska Rainbow Trout. We discuss the implications of these results for fishery management and conservation.</p>
STR data from: Temporal analysis shows relaxed genetic erosion following improved stocking practices in a subarctic transnational brown trout population
<p><span>Maintaining standing genetic variation is a challenge in human-dominated landscapes. We used genetic (i.e., 16 short tandem repeats) and morphological (i.e., length and weight) measurements of 593 contemporary and historical brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) samples to study fine-scale and short-term impacts of different management practices. These had changed from traditional breeding practices, using the same broodstock for several years, to modern breeding practices, including annual broodstock replacement, in the transnational subarctic Pasvik River. Using population genetic structure analyses (i.e., Bayesian assignment tests, DAPCs, and PCAs), four historical genetic clusters (E2001A-D), likely representing family lineages resulting from different crosses, were found in zone E. These groups were characterized by consistently lower genetic diversity, higher within-group relatedness, lower effective population size, and significantly smaller body size than contemporary stocked (E2001E) and wild fish (E2001F). However, even current breeding practices are insufficient to prevent genetic diversity loss and morphological changes as demonstrated by on average smaller body sizes and recent genetic bottleneck signatures in the modern breeding stock compared to wild fish. Conservation management must evaluate breeding protocols for stocking programs and assess if these can preserve remaining natural genetic diversity and morphology in brown trout for long-term preservation of freshwater fauna. </span></p>
Rocky Mountain Brook Trout harvest project genotypes
<p>Sustainable management of exploited populations benefits from integrating demographic and genetic considerations into assessments, as both play a role in determining harvest yields and population persistence. This is especially important in populations subject to size-selective harvest, because size selective harvesting has the potential to result in significant demographic, life-history, and genetic changes. We investigated harvest-induced changes in the effective number of breeders ( ) for introduced brook trout populations (<em>Salvelinus fontinalis</em>) in alpine lakes from western Canada. Three populations were subject to three years of size-selective harvesting, while three control populations experienced no harvest. The decreased consistently across all harvested populations (on average 60.8%) but fluctuated in control populations. There were no consistent changes in between control or harvest populations, but one harvest population experienced a decrease in of 63.2%. The / ratio increased consistently across harvest lakes; however we found no evidence of genetic compensation (where variance in reproductive success decreases at lower abundance) based on changes in family evenness ( ) and the number of full-sibling families ( ). We found no relationship between and or between / and . We posit that change in was buffered by constraints on breeding habitat prior to harvest, such that the same number of breeding sites were occupied before and after harvest. These results suggest that effective size in harvested populations may be resilient to considerable changes in Nc in the short-term, but it is still important to monitor exploited populations to assess the risk of inbreeding and ensure their long-term survival.</p>
FIGURE 2 in A new perspective on the molecular dating of the brown trout complex with an extended phylogeographic information on the species in Serbia
FIGURE 2 Median-joining network of CR mtDNA sequences. Haplotypes are represented by colored circles (supplementary table S1), with individual colors corresponding to the different lineages. The haplotypes found in the present study are framed, and for those, the size of the circles is proportional to the haplotype frequencies in the sample. Mutations are represented by hatch marks on the lines connecting the haplotypes. Missing or theoretical haplotypes are shown as black dots.
FIGURE 1 in A new perspective on the molecular dating of the brown trout complex with an extended phylogeographic information on the species in Serbia
FIGURE 1 Map of sampling locations. The names and codes of the sampling sites are listed in table 1. Dots on the map represent sampling locations, while river drainages are indicated by different colors, as in the legend. Colored pie charts around the map represent the distribution and frequencies of mitochondrial DNA control region haplotypes per site.
Figure 1 in The brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) in the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago: a review
Figure 1. – Geography of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (SPM). A: Location of the SPM archipelago (France) relative to the coast of eastern Canada (box in the upper left). B: Main islands of SPM. Some water bodies mentioned in this review are shown (see the numbers in the legend).
Figure 2 in The brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) in the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago: a review
Figure 2. – Annual evolution of the number of fishing licenses issued from 1996 to 2021 by the two fishing associations of the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago: the AAPMA de Saint-Pierre-Langlade (in black) and the Association des Joyeux Pêcheurs de Miquelon (in grey). No data are available from 2011 to 2013.
FIGURE 5 in First study of food webs in a large glacial river: the trophic role of invasive trout
FIGURE 5 | Midstream and Upstream areas food webs scheme done considering stable isotopes and stomach content analysis. Dark arrows indicate a higher contribution to diet. Rainbow Trout is placed above Perch, Chinook, and Brown Trout since when analyzing stomach content, it trophic role depends on the ontogenetic stage. CF= collector-filterer, CG= collector-gatherer, SCR=scrapers, SHR= shredders, PRED= predator.
FIGURE 2 in First study of food webs in a large glacial river: the trophic role of invasive trout
FIGURE 2 | Values of δ15N and δ13C found in the Midstream areas (A) and Upstream areas (B). Error bars correspond to standard deviation. Abreviations: Hirudinea (Hir), Muscidae (M), Simuliidae (S), Smicridea dythira (Sd), Hydrobiosidae (Hy), Mastigoptila spp. (Ms), Klapopteryx kuscheli (Kk), Lymnaea (L), Meridialaris chiloeensis (Mc), Antarctoperla michaelseni (Am), Hyalella sp. (H), Luchoelmis cekalovici (Lc), Limnoperla jaffuelli (Lj), Andesiops sp. (Ad), Chironomidae (Chr), Filamentous algae (fil), Bratrachospermun sp. algae (Br), planktonic algae (plc), Debris associated to Myriophyllum sp. (My), Cladophora algae (Ch), macrophyta of genus Myriophyllum (plant-My). Colors indicate primary producers (green), herbivores (orange), non-piscivores predators (brown) and general predators (blue).
FIGURE 3 in First study of food webs in a large glacial river: the trophic role of invasive trout
FIGURE 3 | Mixing models adjusted for juvenile and adult Rainbow Trout in Midstream areas. Herbivores are in orange and predators in brown color.
FIGURE 4 in First study of food webs in a large glacial river: the trophic role of invasive trout
FIGURE 4 | Mixing models adjusted for juvenile and adult Rainbow Trout in Upstream areas. Herbivores are in orange and predators in brown color.
Figure 10 from: Bhat MY, Channa A, Paray BA, Al-Sadoon MK, Rather IA (2019) Morphological study of the gastrointestinal tract of the snow trout, Schizothorax esocinus (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes). Zoologia 36: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e31791
Figure 10 Scanning electron micrograph of rectum showing irregular mucosal folds (MF1), mucous (↓) and pores (→). Scale bar: 200 µm.
Figures 6-9 from: Bhat MY, Channa A, Paray BA, Al-Sadoon MK, Rather IA (2019) Morphological study of the gastrointestinal tract of the snow trout, Schizothorax esocinus (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes). Zoologia 36: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e31791
Figures 6-9 Scanning electron micrograph of intestinal bulb showing: (6) primary or major (MF1) and secondary mucosal folds (MF2), covered with thin film of Mucin (M). The zig-zag arrangement of primary folds is clearly visible in this region (←); (7) microridges (MR); (8) primary or major mucosal folds (MF1) and the zig-zag invagination (←); (9) secondary folds (MF2). Scale bar: 6 = 500 µm, 7 = 10 µm, 8 = 100 µm, 9 = 20 µm.
Figures 1-3 from: Bhat MY, Channa A, Paray BA, Al-Sadoon MK, Rather IA (2019) Morphological study of the gastrointestinal tract of the snow trout, Schizothorax esocinus (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes). Zoologia 36: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e31791
Figures 1-3 Scanning electron micrograph of buccopharynx showing: (1) primary longitudinal (MF1) and secondary folds (MF2); (2) goblet cell (GC) and stratified epithelial cells (SEC); (3) microridges (MR). Scale bars: 1 = 200 µm, 2 = 20 µm, 3 = 10 µm.
Figures 4-5 from: Bhat MY, Channa A, Paray BA, Al-Sadoon MK, Rather IA (2019) Morphological study of the gastrointestinal tract of the snow trout, Schizothorax esocinus (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes). Zoologia 36: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e31791
Figures 4-5 Scanning electron micrograph of esophagus showing: (4) primary longitudinal (MF1) and secondary mucosal folds (MF2); (5) stratified epithelial cells (SEC), goblet cells (GC), Pores of goblet cells (PG) and microridges (MR). Scale bar: 4 = 500 µm, 5 = 10 µm.
Datatset to article: Batch-to-batch variation in nutrient digestibility of black soldier fly larvae meals in rainbow trout
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Allen Brain Atlas
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