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FIGURE 6 in Systematics of interstitial encrusting bryozoans from southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 6. Cymulopora uniserialis Winston & Håkansson, 1986: A, colony of three zooids on a sand grain. B, close-up of outermost zooid, showing the development of the small distal tubercle indicating this was a sexually reproductive brooding zooid. Scale bars: A, 0.2 mm; B, 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Systematics of interstitial encrusting bryozoans from southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 5. Ammatophora arenacea sp. nov.: A, part of a colony showing ovicelled zooids and tubercles. B, group of three ovicelled zooids, two of the ovicells with small holes, probably bored by a predator. C, close-up of a single ovicelled zooid and tubercles. D, close up of ancestrula showing the crenulated proximal margin. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, 0.2 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 9 in Systematics of interstitial encrusting bryozoans from southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 9. Discoporella gemmulifera sp. nov.: A, upper surface of a large colony. B, lower surface of a smaller colony with buds developing at corners. C, detached bud, a new asexually produced colony. D, E, zooids and vibracular chambers. F, closeup of a vibraculum and zooid. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0.4 mm; D, E, 0.2 mm; F, 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 2. A in Systematics of interstitial encrusting bryozoans from southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 2. A, Shell grain encrusted by bryozoans and spirorbin polychaetes. B, mineral grain encrusted by an abraded bryozoan colony. C, boring ctenostome colony traces in shell grain. Scale bars: A, B, 0.4 mm; C, 1 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Systematics of interstitial encrusting bryozoans from southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 8. Vibracellina laxibasis (Canu & Bassler, 1928): A, a colony in a crevice of a shell grain. B, skeletal zooids and vibracular chambers. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Systematics of interstitial encrusting bryozoans from southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 3. Disporella calcitrapa sp. nov.: A, colony attached to edge of sand grain. B, young colony, showing growth from primary disc and texture of calcification. C, openings of zooid tubes. D, close-up to show spiked projections (spinules) inside and between zooid tubes. Scale bars: A, C, 0.1 mm; B, D, 0.4 mm.

FIGURE 15 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 15. Rhynchozoon larreyi (Audouin, 1826), Lebanon; A from Stn 16A; B–C from Stn 5A: A, part of colony showing ovicelled zooids with raised granular processes; B, ovicelled zooids, one bearing a large, hooked, suboral avicularium; C, primary orifice with beaded anter. Scale bars: A, B, 200 µm; C, D, 100 µm.

FIGURE 14 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 14. Predanophora longiuscula (Harmer, 1957); A, B from Stn 11A, Lebanon; C from Ras Muhammed, Red Sea: A, part of colony showing non-ovicelled and ovicelled zooids with tubular peristome and nodular frontal shield; B, ovicelled zooids with adventitious avicularium on inner side of tubular peristome, and ovicells with foramina; C, primary orifice. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 20 µm.

FIGURE 12 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 12. Mucropetraliella thenardii (Audouin, 1826), Lebanon, Stn 17B: A, oblique view of colony showing elevated suborificial antler-like processes; B, ovicelled zooids and large avicularia with raised rostra; C, distal part of non-ovicelled zooid showing orifice with paired condyles and narrow lyrula, and three small avicularia borne by branched suboral process. Scale bars: A, B, C, 200 µm.

FIGURE 11. Drepanophora birbira Powell, 1967 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 11. Drepanophora birbira Powell, 1967, holotype (CMNI 1900-2925), Eritrea, Red Sea: A, photo of the portion of the type corresponding to Powell's (1967, text-fig. 2) drawing reproduced in B (A courtesy of J.M. Gagnon, curator CMNI); note arrowed foramen on right side of ooecium (Powell's drawing does not show the foramen).

FIGURE 10. Drepanophora birbira Powell, 1967 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 10. Drepanophora birbira Powell, 1967, Lebanon; A, B from Stn 3A; C from Stn 17A: A, part of colony showing non-ovicelled zooids; B, distal part of non-ovicelled zooid showing peristome with a distal blade, lateral wings, a hooked denticle and an adventitious avicularium; C, ovicell with lateral foramen. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm.

FIGURE 9 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 9. Celleporaria vermiformis (Waters, 1909), Lebanon, Stn 1B: A, B, typical aspects of a multilayered colony, with disorderly arranged zooids and raised conical processes; C, primary orifice of non-ovicelled zooid; D, two ovicells and a conical process bearing at its base a minute avicularium facing laterally; E, gigantic adventitious avicularium at the tip of a bulging cystid proximal to the orifice. Scale bars: A, B, 200 µm; C, 50 µm; D, E, 100 µm.

FIGURE 8 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 8.?Celleporaria sherryae Winston, 2005, Lebanon, Stn 11A: A, four autozooids and a vicarious avicularium; B, non-ovicelled zooid with suboral adventitious avicularium and two spines (distalmost pair covered by secondary calcification); C, ovicelled zooid and two vicarious avicularia. Scale bars: A, C, 100 µm; B, 50 µm.

FIGURE 7. Celleporaria labelligera Harmer, 1957 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 7. Celleporaria labelligera Harmer, 1957, Lebanon, Stn 1A: A, autozooids surrounding a vicarious avicularium; B, orifice with small condyles, suboral mucro and bases of paired spines; C, two vicarious avicularia. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm.

FIGURE 13. Celleporina bitari n in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 13. Celleporina bitari n. sp.; A, B from Stn 5E, Lebanon; C, D, from Ras Muhammed, Red Sea: A, several ovicelled zooids with adventitious avicularium borne by the peristome and two spatulate vicarious avicularia downwardly oriented; B, non-ovicelled zooids showing primary orifice with rounded sinus, and three pseudopores laterally adjacent to orifice that are communication pores of an avicularian chamber under construction; C, neanic part of colony showing two ovicelled zooids with high peristome bearing a pointed avicularium, and a third one incompletely formed; D, ovicelled zooids and partially eroded zooid showing primary orifice with rounded sinus. Scale bars: A–D, 100 µm.

FIGURE 6 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 6. Celleporaria sp. aff. brunnea (Hincks, 1884), Lebanon, Stn 14A: A, ovicelled and non-ovicelled zooid;. B, orifice and suboral adventitious avicularium; C, vicarious avicularium appressed against one side of an ooecium. Scale bars: A, C, 100 µm; B, 50 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 2. Thalamoporella rozieri (Audouin, 1826); A, B, F from Stn 6C, Lebanon; C–E from south Kerala, India: A, maternal zooid with ooecium; B, non-ovicelled zooid; C, ovicelled and non-ovicelled zooids; D, four autozooids; E, basal insertions of opesiules; F, spicules and proximal edge of orifice. Scale bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 200 µm; F, 20 µm.

FIGURE 3 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 3. Akatopora leucocypha (Marcus, 1937), Lebanon, Stn 2B: A, part of colony with autozooids and variously shaped kenozooids; B, autozooid with five adjacent triangular kenozooids; C, three kenozooids adjacent to autozooids [note the difference in width of the cryptocyst between the distal (right) and proximal (left) parts of autozooids]; D, E, zooids with narrow crescentic ooecia; F, recesses for communication pores, one showing a uniporous septulum. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, 100 µm; C–F, 50 µm.

FIGURE 5 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 5. Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny, 1852), Lebanon; A, C from Stn 2A; B from Stn 8A: A, four autozooids at edge of colony; B, orifice; C, distal part of autozooid (angled view) showing a low orificial collar and communication pores. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, C, 100 µm.

FIGURE 4 in Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon

FIGURE 4. Licornia jolloisii (Audouin, 1826), Lebanon, Stn 9A: A, part of colony with two transverse rhizoids; B, autozooids with ooecia; C, dorsal view of bifurcation showing insertion of vibracular chambers. Scale bars: A, 400 m; B, 100 µm; C, 200 µm.