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2,390 results for “butterflies”
Data condition dependence in biosynthesized chemical defenses of an aposematic and mimetic Heliconius butterfly
<p><span>Aposematic animals advertise their toxicity or unpalatability with bright warning coloration. However, acquiring and maintaining chemical defenses can be energetically costly, and consequent associations with other important traits could shape chemical defense evolution. Here, we have tested whether chemical defenses are involved in energetic trade-offs with other traits, or whether the levels of chemical defenses are condition dependent, by studying associations between biosynthesized cyanogenic toxicity and a suite of key life-history and fitness traits in a <em>Heliconius </em>butterfly under a controlled laboratory setting. <em>Heliconius </em>butterflies are well known for the diversity of their warning color patterns and widespread mimicry, and can both sequester the cyanogenic glucosides of their <em>Passiflora </em>host plants and biosynthesize these toxins <em>de novo</em>. We find energetically costly life-history traits to be either unassociated or to show a general positive association with biosynthesized cyanogenic toxicity. More toxic individuals developed faster, had higher mass as adults, and a tendency for increased lifespan and fecundity. These results thus indicate that toxicity level of adult butterflies may be dependent on individual condition, influenced by genetic background or earlier conditions, with maternal effects as one strong candidate mechanism. Additionally, toxicity was higher in older individuals, consistent with previous studies indicating accumulation of toxins with age. As toxicity level at death was independent of lifespan, cyanogenic glucoside compounds may have been recycled to release resources relevant for longevity in these long-living butterflies. Understanding the origins and maintenance of variation in defenses is necessary in building a more complete picture of factors shaping the evolution of aposematic and mimetic systems.</span></p>
Neuroanatomical shifts mirror patterns of ecological divergence in three diverse clades of mimetic butterflies
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Microhabitat partitioning in heterogenous environments can support more diverse communities but may expose partitioned species to distinct perceptual challenges. Divergence across microhabitats could therefore lead to local adaptation to contrasting sensory conditions across small spatial scales, but this aspect of community structuring is rarely explored. Diverse communities of ithomiine butterflies provide an example where closely related species partition tropical forests, where shifts in mimetic colouration are tightly associated with shifts in habitat preference. </span><span>We test the hypothesis </span><span>that these mimetic and ecological shifts are associated with distinct patterns of sensory neural investment by comparing brain structure across 164 individuals of 16 species from three ithomiine clades. We find distinct brain morphologies between Oleriina<em> </em>and <em>Hypothyris</em>, which are mimetically homogenous and occupy a single microhabitat. Oleriina, which occur in low-light micro-habitats, invests less in visual brain regions than <em>Hypothyris</em>, with one notable exception, <em>Hyposcada anchiala, </em>the only Oleriina<em> </em>sampled to have converged on mimicry rings found in <em>Hypothyris</em>. We also find that <em>Napeogenes</em>, which has diversified into a range of mimicry rings, shows intermediate patterns of sensory investment. We identify flight height as a critical factor shaping neuroanatomical diversity, with species that fly higher in the canopy investing more in visual structures. Our work suggests that the sensory ecology of species may be impacted by, and interact with, the ways in which communities of closely related organisms are adaptively assembled.</span></p>
Flying on empty: Reduced mitochondrial function and flight capacity in food-deprived monarch butterflies
<p>Mitochondrial function is fundamental to organismal performance, health, and fitness – especially during energetically challenging events, such as migration. With this investigation, we evaluated mitochondrial sensitivity to ecologically relevant stressors. We focused on an iconic migrant, the North American monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), and examined the effects of two stressors: seven days of food deprivation, and infection by the protozoan parasite Ophryocystis elektroscirrha (known to reduce survival and flight performance). We measured whole-animal resting metabolic rate (RMR) and peak flight metabolic rate, and mitochondrial respiration of isolated mitochondria from the flight muscles. Food deprivation reduced mass-independent RMR and peak flight metabolic rate, whereas infection did not. Fed monarchs used mainly lipids in flight (respiratory quotient 0.73), but the respiratory quotient dropped in food-deprived individuals, possibly indicating switching to alternative energy sources, such as ketone bodies. Food deprivation decreased mitochondrial maximum oxygen consumption but not basal respiration, resulting in lower respiratory control ratio (RCR). Furthermore, food deprivation decreased mitochondrial complex III activity, but increased complex IV activity. Infection did not result in any changes in these mitochondrial variables. Mitochondrial maximum respiration rate correlated positively with mass-independent RMR and flight metabolic rate, suggesting a link between mitochondria and whole-animal performance. In conclusion, low food availability negatively affects mitochondrial function and flight performance, with potential implications for migration, fitness, and population dynamics. Although previous studies have reported poor flight performance in infected monarchs, we found no differences in physiological performance, suggesting that reduced flight capacity may be due to structural differences or low energy stores.</p>
Data From: Exploitation of an ancestral pheromone biosynthetic pathway contributes to diversification in Heliconius butterflies
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>During courtship, male butterflies produce androconial secretions containing male sex pheromones (MSPs) that communicate species identity and affect female choice. MSPs are thus likely candidates as reproductive barriers, yet their role in speciation remains poorly studied. Although <em>Heliconius </em>butterflies are a model system in speciation, their MSPs have not been investigated from a macroevolutionary perspective. We use GC-MS to characterise male androconial secretions in 33 of the 69 species in the Heliconiini tribe. We found these blends to be species-specific, consistent with a role in reproductive isolation. We detected a burst in blend diversification rate at the most speciose genus,<em> Heliconius</em>; a consequence of <em>Heliconius</em> and <em>Eueides</em> species using a fatty acid metabolic pathway to unlock more complex blends than basal Heliconiini species, whose secretions are dominated by plant derivatives. A comparison of 10 sister species pairs demonstrates a striking positive correlation between blend dissimilarity and range overlap, consistent with a scenario of character displacement or reinforcement in sympatry. These results demonstrate for the first time that MSP diversification can promote reproductive isolation across this group of butterflies, showcasing how re-activation of an ancestral trait, the co-option of the fatty acid metabolic pathway for pheromone production, can facilitate rapid speciation. </span></p>
Host plant specificity of the monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
<p>The preference-performance hypothesis explains host specificity in phytophagous insects, positing that host plants chosen by adults confer the greatest larval fitness. However, adults sometimes oviposit on plants supporting low larval success because the components of host specificity (adult preference, plant palatability, and larval survival) are non-binary and not necessarily correlated. Palatability (willingness to eat) is governed by chemical cues and physical barriers such as trichomes, while survival (ability to complete development) depends upon nutrition and toxicity. Absence of a correlation between the components of host specificity results in low-performance hosts supporting limited larval development. Most studies of specificity focus on oviposition behavior leaving the importance and basis of palatability and survival under-explored. We conducted a comprehensive review of 127 plant species that have been claimed or tested to be hosts for the monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus to classify them as non-hosts, low performance, or high performance. We performed a meta-analysis to test if performance status could be explained by the properties of neurotoxic cardenolides or trichome density. We also conducted a no-choice larval feeding experiment to identify the causes of low performance. We identified 34 high performance, 42 low performance, 33 non-hosts, and 18 species with unsubstantiated claims. Mean cardenolide concentration was greater in high- than low-performance hosts and a significant predictor of host status, suggesting possible evolutionary trade-offs in monarch specialization. Other cardenolide properties and trichome density were not significant predictors of host status. In the experiment, we found, of the 62% of larvae that attempted to eat low-performance hosts, only 3.5% survived to adult compared to 85% of those on the high-performance host, demonstrating that multiple factors affect larval host plant specificity. Our study is the first to classify all known host plants for monarchs and has conservation implications for this threatened species.</p>
The Atlas of mitochondrial genetic diversity for Western Palearctic butterflies
<p>Abstract: Motivation<br>Butterflies represent a model in biology and a flagship group for invertebrate conservation. We provide four new resources for the Western-Palearctic butterflies: 1) An updated checklist comprising 552 species; 2) a curated dataset of 32,129 mitochondrial COI sequences for 532 species, including a de novo reference library for the Maghreb (Morocco and northern Algeria and Tunisia) and Macaronesia (Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands); 3) seven indexes of intraspecific genetic variation (IGV): observed and expected number of haplotypes, haplotype and nucleotide diversity, two fixation indexes, and maximum p-distance; 4) species-level maps illustrating the distribution of COI variability and haplotype networks. The updated checklist will be fundamental for any application dealing with butterfly diversity in Western Palearctic. IGV indexes provide measures for genetic polymorphism and spatial structure and represent proxies for dispersal capacity. These resources will facilitate comparative studies of macrogenetics, will foster integrative taxonomy, and will aid conservation strategies.</p> <p>Main types of variables contained<br>A complete species checklist in table format, 32,129 mitochondrial DNA-barcodes provided with metadata (species membership, WGS84 coordinates, sequence length), and a book in PDF format including the IGV atlas and indexes.</p> <p>Spatial location and grain<br>The checklist encompasses Europe up to Urals in the east, north Macaronesia (Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands), as well as the Maghreb (Morocco and northern Algeria and Tunisia). DNA-barcodes have been retained in the geographic interval of -31.3–67.5 degrees of longitude and 27.5–71.2 degrees of latitude.</p> <p>Time period and grain<br>DNA-barcodes originate from studies published between 1998-2022 and from de novo sequencing of 2,608 specimens done between 2007-2022.</p> <p>Major taxa and level of measurement<br>Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea), analysed from individual to species level.</p> <p>Software format<br>Data and functions to manage the dataset are provided in the iodatabase R package (<a href="https://github.com/leondap/iodatabase" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/leondap/iodatabase</a>) and in Dryad</p>
Strong isolation by distance among local populations of an endangered butterfly species (Euphydryas aurinia)
<p>The marsh fritillary (<i>Euphydryas aurinia</i>) is a critically endangered butterfly species in Denmark known to be particularly vulnerable to habitat fragmentation due to its poor dispersal capacity. We identified and genotyped 318 novel SNP loci across 273 individuals obtained from 10 small and fragmented populations in Denmark using a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach to investigate its population genetic structure. Our results showed clear genetic substructuring and highly significant population differentiation based on genetic divergence (F<sub>ST</sub>) among the 10 populations. The populations clustered in three overall clusters and due to further substructuring among these, it was possible to clearly distinguish six clusters in total. We found highly significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to heterozygote deficiency within every population investigated which indicates substructuring and/or inbreeding (due to mating among closely related individuals). The stringent filtering procedure that we have applied to our genotype quality could have overestimated the heterozygote deficiency and the degree of substructuring of our clusters but is allowing relative comparisons of the genetic parameters among clusters. Genetic divergence increased significantly with geographic distance, suggesting limited gene flow at spatial scales comparable to the dispersal distance of individual butterflies and strong isolation by distance. Altogether, our results clearly indicate that the marsh fritillary populations are genetically isolated. Further, our results highlight that the relevant spatial scale for conservation of rare, low mobile species may be smaller than previously anticipated.</p>
Sod translocation to restore habitats of the myrmecophilous butterfly Phengaris (Maculinea) teleius on former agricultural fields
<p>In Europe, 50-70% of former natural grassland area has been destroyed during the past 30 years due to land use changes, losses are expected to increase in the future. Restoration is thought to reverse this situation by creating suitable abiotic conditions. In this paper, we investigate the effects of sod translocation with specific vegetation to facilitate the restoration of a former intensive agricultural field into a wet meadow. First, starting conditions were optimized including modification of the local hydrology, removal of the fertilized topsoil, application of liming, and translocation of fresh clippings as a seed source. The second part aimed at restoring the habitat for the butterfly species <em>Phengaris (Maculinea) teleius</em>, one of the species that was especially affected by the loss of wet meadows. This species engages in a complex myrmecophilous relationship with one host plant, <em>Sanguisorba officinalis</em>, and one obligate host ant, <em>Myrmica scabrinodis</em>. We used sod translocation to create islands of habitat to promote host plant and host ant colonization. After four years following the restoration, we observed that plants spread from the transplanted sods to the surroundings. The vegetation composition and structure of the transplanted sods attracted colonization of <em>Myrmica </em>ants into the restored areas. Following the increase in vegetation cover and height, <em>Myrmica </em>ant colonies further spread into the restored areas. Therefore, sod translocations can be considered an effective restoration method following topsoil removal in the process of restoring wet meadows to provide a starting point for ant colonization and plant dispersion. With these findings, this paper contributes to the evidence-based restoration of wet meadows on former agricultural fields, including complex interactions between invertebrates and their required ecological relationships. </p>
Genomic data, part 1, of "Secondary contact rather than co-existence – Erebia butterflies in the Alps"
<p>Secondary contact zones are ideal systems to study the processes that govern the evolution of reproductive barriers, especially at advanced stages of the speciation process. An increase in reproductive isolation resulting from selection against maladaptive hybrids is thought to contribute to reproductive barrier buildup in secondary contact zones. While such processes have been invoked for many systems, it remains unclear to which extent they influence contact zone dynamics in nature. Here, we study a very narrow contact zone between the butterfly species <em>Erebia</em> <em>cassioides </em>and <em>E.</em> <em>tyndarus</em> in the Swiss Alps. We quantified phenotypic traits related to wing shape and reproduction as well as ecology in order to compare the degree of intra- and interspecific differentiation. Even though only very few first-generation hybrids occur, we find no strong indications for current reinforcing selection, suggesting that if reinforcement occurred in our system, it likely operated in the past. Additionally, we show that both species differ less in their ecological niche at the contact zone than elsewhere, which could explain why co-existence between these butterflies may currently not be possible.</p>
Genomic data, part 2, of "Secondary contact rather than co-existence – Erebia butterflies in the Alps"
<p>Secondary contact zones are ideal systems to study the processes that govern the evolution of reproductive barriers, especially at advanced stages of the speciation process. An increase in reproductive isolation resulting from selection against maladaptive hybrids is thought to contribute to reproductive barrier buildup in secondary contact zones. While such processes have been invoked for many systems, it remains unclear to which extent they influence contact zone dynamics in nature. Here, we study a very narrow contact zone between the butterfly species <em>Erebia</em> <em>cassioides </em>and <em>E.</em> <em>tyndarus</em> in the Swiss Alps. We quantified phenotypic traits related to wing shape and reproduction as well as ecology in order to compare the degree of intra- and interspecific differentiation. Even though only very few first-generation hybrids occur, we find no strong indications for current reinforcing selection, suggesting that if reinforcement occurred in our system, it likely operated in the past.<strong> </strong>Additionally, we show that both species differ less in their ecological niche at the contact zone than elsewhere, which could explain why co-existence between these butterflies may currently not be possible.</p>
Scale-dependent environmental effects on phenotypic distributions in Heliconius butterflies
<p>Examining how environmental factors influence phenotypic distribution might provide valuable information about local adaptation, divergence, and speciation. The red-yellow Müllerian mimicry ring of <em>Heliconius</em> butterflies displays a wide range of color patterns across the Neotropics and is involved in several hybrid zones, making it an excellent system to study color phenotypic distribution. Using a multiscale distribution strategy, we studied whether different phenotypes of the distantly related species <em>H. erato</em> and <em>H. melpomene,</em> belonging to the red-yellow mimetic ring, are associated with different environmental conditions. We show that environmental gradients (particularly heat and precipitation factors) drive <em>Heliconius</em> phenotypic distributions, but that phenotype and environmental correlations vary with spatial scale. While co-mimics are frequently found in similar environments at a broad scale, patterns at the local level are not necessarily consistent (different variables are the best predictors of phenotypic occurrence in different areas) or congruent (co-mimic pairs show distinct associations with the environment). Thus, large-scale analysis may help to identify how environmental heterogeneity influences broad mimic phenotypic distributions, but local studies are needed to understand the context-dependent biotic, abiotic, and historical mechanisms that drive finer-scale phenotypic shifts.</p>
Monarch butterfly roost site variables and habitat conservation
<p>The criteria that Monarchs use to select specific roost sites, and the landscape context where those sites are found, have received little study. We developed ecological niche models for the Atlantic Flyway roost sites using modeling algorithms, citizen scientist observations, and environmental variables that are known to affect Monarchs in the adult stage prior to migration. These models can be used to help prioritize survey and conservation efforts for Monarchs in areas most suitable for their roosting. We conducted a vulnerability assessment of predicted suitable roost habitat, assessed the connectivity of the habitat with Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis, used Zonation software to create a relative value ranking of the Atlantic flyway region for Monarch roost site conservation, and mapped areas of high conservation value in the flyway in regards to their current predicted vulnerability.</p>
Solar Butterfly - climate pioneer world tour supported by HSLU
<p><b>Abstract</b></p><p class="dhik-abstract-content">Das Projekt Solar Butterfly wird kurz anhand eines Fernsehbeitrags vorgestellt. In einem anschliessendem Interview beantwortet Louis Palmer Fragen zur akuellen Tour, zu den besuchten Pionieren, zur Medienresonanz und zur Rolle der HSLU. Weitere Infos auf solarbutterfly.org.</p><p></p><p><b>Weitere Beiträge aus dem DHIK-Forum 2022 auf Zenodo:</b></p><p class="dhik-session-list"></p><ul><li>Session #1: Viktor Sigrist: Internationalisierung - Partnerschaften für den Ausbau von Forschung und Entwicklung (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123701">10.5281/zenodo.7123701</a>)</li><li>Session #2: Dieter Leonhard: DHIK- Strategien der internationalen Zusammenarbeit in Forschung und Lehre (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123456">10.5281/zenodo.7123456</a>)</li><li>Session #3: Stephen Wittkopf: Wissens- und Innovationstransfer - Interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit mit Unternehmen und Institutionen (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7025707">10.5281/zenodo.7025707</a>)</li><li>Session #4: Xiao Feng: CDHAW - Chinesisch-Deutsche Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123458">10.5281/zenodo.7123458</a>)</li><li>Session #5: Antonio Pita und Isabel Kreiner: Academy-Industry-Collaboration - Outreach Strategy (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123460">10.5281/zenodo.7123460</a>)</li><li>Session #6: Martin Sternberg: Promotionsrecht – aktueller Stand an deutschen Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123757">10.5281/zenodo.7123757</a>)</li><li>Session #7: Adrian Derungs: Duo mit Innovationskraft - Zusammenspiel von Forschung und Wirtschaft in der Zentralschweiz (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123767">10.5281/zenodo.7123767</a>)</li><li>Session #8: Theres Paulsen: Transdisziplinäre Forschung - komplexe gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen erfordern diverse Ansätze (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123769">10.5281/zenodo.7123769</a>)</li><li>Session #9: Jörg Schneider: International research collaboration - New funding opportunities for universities of applied sciences (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123771">10.5281/zenodo.7123771</a>)</li><li>Session #10: Cornelia Spycher und Matthew Whellens: Horizon Europe - overview of funding opportunities for your research and innovation (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123773">10.5281/zenodo.7123773</a>)</li><li>Session #11: Janique Siffert: Eureka Eurostars - erfolgreiche Förderung für internationale Innovationsprojekte (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123777">10.5281/zenodo.7123777</a>)</li><li>Session #12: Ludger Fischer: Energy Lab - ein Netzwerk für innovative Lösungen im Energiebereich (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123779">10.5281/zenodo.7123779</a>)</li><li>Session #13: Jörg Worlitschek: Thermal energy storage - heating the north, cooling the south (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123781">10.5281/zenodo.7123781</a>)</li><li>Session #14: Jonas Mühlethaler: Neues DC Microgrid-Konzept – netzunabhängige Elektrifizierung in Entwicklungsländern (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123783">10.5281/zenodo.7123783</a>)</li><li>Session #15: Tommy Claussen: Dekarbonisierung des Gebäudesektors - digitale Transformation in der Gebäudetechnik und im Gebäudemanagement (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123785">10.5281/zenodo.7123785</a>)</li><li>Session #16: Christoph Imboden: Flexibility solutions - making the power grid fit for the future (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123787">10.5281/zenodo.7123787</a>)</li><li>Session #17: Uwe Schulz: Spielerisches Sarnetz - Simulationen für die fossile Unabhängigkeit einer Ortschaft (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123790">10.5281/zenodo.7123790</a>)</li><li>Session #18: Jana Koehler: Künstliche Intelligenz – Erfolg durch Erwünschtheit, Machbarkeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123792">10.5281/zenodo.7123792</a>)</li><li>Session #19: Rolf Kamps: KI in der Prävention - Befragungsmethoden und Schulungen trainieren, Krankheitserreger erkennen (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123794">10.5281/zenodo.7123794</a>)</li><li>Session #20: Gwendolyne Pascua: Artificial Intelligence in Space - CIMON assisting astronauts on the International Space Station (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123796">10.5281/zenodo.7123796</a>)</li><li>Session #21: Tobias Matter et.al.: Augmented Reality Soundscapes - mit maschinellem Lernen Klangkulissen von zukünftigen Bauvorhaben generieren (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123798">10.5281/zenodo.7123798</a>)</li><li>Session #22: Angela Nicoara: Internet of Things - transforming businesses, people's lives and driving growth in the coming years (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123800">10.5281/zenodo.7123800</a>)</li><li>Session #23: Adrian Koller: Feldrobotik - unermüdliche und zunehmend intelligentere Hilfe in der Landwirtschaft (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123802">10.5281/zenodo.7123802</a>)</li><li>Session #24: Widar von Arx et.al.: Realisierung der Verkehrswende - Einfluss der Preispolitik in der Mobilität (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7124000">10.5281/zenodo.7124000</a>)</li><li>Session #25: Andreas Liebrich: Tourismusdateninfrastruktur - Was die Schweiz von Europa lernen kann (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123806">10.5281/zenodo.7123806</a>)</li><li>Session #26: Frank Pöhlau und Stefan May: Find life on Mars - Schülerprojekte zur mobilien Robotik (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123808">10.5281/zenodo.7123808</a>)</li><li>Session #27: Jiayun Shen: Open Innovation - Innovationsmanagement bei der Schweizerischen Post (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123810">10.5281/zenodo.7123810</a>)</li><li>Session #28: Tobias Specker: Interkulturelles Management – innovative Konzepte zum Ausbau der China-Kompetenzen an Hochschulen (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123812">10.5281/zenodo.7123812</a>)</li><li>Session #29: Elena Algorri: Swimming robots - exploring the unterwater from the surface (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123814">10.5281/zenodo.7123814</a>)</li><li>Session #30: Sergio Camacho: Robotics and Digital Systems Engineering at the Tec de Monterrey (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123816">10.5281/zenodo.7123816</a>)</li><li>Session #31: Thomas Dorn: Industrie 4.0 - Forschungskooperationen mit der CDHAW und der Tongji Universität Shanghai (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123818">10.5281/zenodo.7123818</a>)</li><li>Session #32: Walter Reichert et.al.: Kollaboration und Unterstützung - Mobile Robotik und Exoskelette in der flexiblen Produktion (DOI:<a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7123820">10.5281/zenodo.7123820</a>)</li><li><b>Session #33: Louis Palmer: Solar Butterfly - climate pioneer world tour supported by HSLU (<a href="#collapseTwo">Video</a>)</b></li></ul><p></p>
Figs 17–24. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 17 in New for the fauna of Kunashir Island moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae, Zygaenidae, Tortricidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Nolidae, Noctuidae, Lycaenidae)
Figs 17–24. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 17 – Teratoglaea pacifica (Sugi,
Figs 49–54 in New for the fauna of Kunashir Island moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae, Zygaenidae, Tortricidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Nolidae, Noctuidae, Lycaenidae)
Figs 49–54. Male genitalia (49-53) of Lepidoptera and micromoth (54) from Kunashir
Figs 9–16. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 9 in New for the fauna of Kunashir Island moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae, Zygaenidae, Tortricidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Nolidae, Noctuidae, Lycaenidae)
Figs 9–16. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 9 – Orthosia odiosa (Butler, 1878),
Figs 41–48 in New for the fauna of Kunashir Island moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae, Zygaenidae, Tortricidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Nolidae, Noctuidae, Lycaenidae)
Figs 41–48. Butterflies and moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view (41,42, 44–48) and
Figs 33–40 in New for the fauna of Kunashir Island moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae, Zygaenidae, Tortricidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Nolidae, Noctuidae, Lycaenidae)
Figs 33–40. Butterflies and moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view (33–39) and ventral
Figs 25–32. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 25 in New for the fauna of Kunashir Island moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae, Zygaenidae, Tortricidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Nolidae, Noctuidae, Lycaenidae)
Figs 25–32. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 25 – Gelastocera kotschubeji
Figs 1–8. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 1 in New for the fauna of Kunashir Island moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae, Zygaenidae, Tortricidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Nolidae, Noctuidae, Lycaenidae)
Figs 1–8. Moths from Kunashir Island, dorsal view. 1 – Hedina tenuis (Butler, 1877), ♀;
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.