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619 results for “estuarine”
Environmental exposure model for copper oxide nanoparticles impact in estuarine ecosystem services
<p>Modelling the effect of copper oxide nanoparticles (< 50 nm) on denitrification rate and abundance and transcription of genes of the denitrification pathway on a temperate estuary.</p>
Habitat use by juvenile salmon, other migratory fish, and resident fish species underscores the importance of estuarine habitat mosaics
<p>Interfacing with land and sea, estuaries support a mosaic of habitats that underpin the production of many coastal fisheries. These ecosystems are threatened by multiple stressors, including habitat loss and climate change, but the relative importance of estuarine habitat types for different fish species remains poorly understood since direct habitat comparisons are rare. This knowledge gap is exemplified in temperate estuaries by salmon—ecologically and commercially important species that use estuaries during their migrations to and from the ocean. Here, we tested for species-specific habitat use by sampling fishes in 3 interconnected estuarine habitats (brackish marsh, eelgrass, and sand flat), across seasons and temperature regimes. We quantified fish species richness, community distinctness, and catches (of Chinook and chum salmon, other migratory fishes, and resident fishes) in the Pacific Northwest’s heavily urbanized Fraser River estuary, the terminus of what was once the world’s most productive salmon basin. Overall, eelgrass habitat supported the greatest fish species richness (n = 37) and catches (37402 fish), exceeding that of both the marsh (19 species, 7154 fish) and sand flat (22 species, 6697 fish). However, the majority of salmon were caught in the marsh (61%). These differences, coupled with our finding that at least one unique fish species inhabited each habitat (eelgrass = 15, marsh = 8, sand flat = 1), demonstrate species-specific habitat use and underscore the importance of connected seascapes for biodiversity conservation.</p>
Figure 9 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 9 Early development of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) after fertilisation in the laboratory. The material from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A fertilised egg surrounded by a jelly layer (j), 10 min after fertilisation; many sperm were trapped in the jelly layer; lipid (oil) drops (o) surrounded the germinal vesicle B 4-cell stage, 1 h and 10 min after fertilisation C early trochophore stage, 7 h and 30 min after fertilisation; ciliary movement of the prototroch (p) began within the jelly layer D free-swimming trochophore larva just after hatching out of the jelly layer, 8 h after fertilisation; ciliary bands of the prototroch and telotroch (t) were present E free-swimming early-metatrochophore larva, 20 h after fertilisation; two pairs of chaetal tufts (c) were present F free-swimming 2-chaetiger late-metatrochophore larva, 21 h after fertilisation; two pairs of chaetal tufts well developed G free-swimming early 3-chaetiger nectochaeta larva, 22 h after fertilisation; three pairs of chaetal tufts were developed; the prototroch and lipid drops remained in the anterior body H demersal late 3-chaetiger nectochaeta larva, 48 h after fertilisation; a pair of eyes (e), antennae (a), and anal cirri (ac) appeared. Lipid drops disappeared. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Figure 5 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 5 Female epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 449) A dorsal view of the whole-body B enlargement of anterior end C enlargement of eyes D rupture of body wall at the ventral surface in the posterior body (arrow). Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–D).
Figure 3 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 3 Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C–E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–E).
Figure 2 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 2 Atokes (A–F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL-2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C–F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732).
Figure 4 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 4 Male epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 453) A dorsal view of the whole body (incomplete, with the pre-natatory and natatory regions) B dorsal view of the proboscis with pigmentation C ventral view of the proboscis with pigmentation. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C).
Figure 7 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 7 Epitokous males (A, B, E) and a female (C, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) A anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke B anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (A) C posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke D posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (C) E enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D); 0.05 mm (E).
Figure 1 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 1 Map showing the collection sites (closed circles) in two estuaries on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula A lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand B mangrove area in Kuala Ibai branched from Sungai Ibai in Terengganu, Malaysia.
Figure 6 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 6 Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A–D); 0.05 mm (E–H).
Figure 8 from: Azmi SS, Ibrahim YS, Angsupanich S, Sumpuntarat P, Sato M (2021) Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. ZooKeys 1011: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780
Figure 8 Seasonal changes of environmental parameters in Kuala Ibai, Malaysia during the sampling period A monthly changes in the salinity and temperature of the surface water at the sampling site (represented by our data at the end of each month) B monthly changes in the amount of rainfall and average air temperature at Kuala Ibai based on the data of Malaysian Meteorological Department C monthly changes of the maximum height of sea level at high tide (closed circles), with the height of sea level at high tide on each sampling date (x marks), based on the data of Worldwide Tides and Currents Predictor (2018). The asterisks indicate the months when the swimming epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta appeared.
Data from: Prozac in the water: chronic fluoxetine exposure and predation risk interact to shape behaviors in an estuarine crab
Predators exert considerable top-down pressure on ecosystems by directly consuming prey or indirectly influencing their foraging behaviors and habitat use. Prey is, therefore, forced to balance predation risk with resource reward. A growing list of anthropogenic stressors such as rising temperatures and ocean acidification has been shown to influence prey risk behaviors and subsequently alter important ecosystem processes. Yet, limited attention has been paid to the effects of chronic pharmaceutical exposure on risk behavior or as an ecological stressor, despite widespread detection and persistence of these contaminants in aquatic environments. In the laboratory, we simulated estuarine conditions of the shore crab, Hemigrapsus oregonensis, and investigated whether chronic exposure (60 days) to field-detected concentrations (0, 3, and 30 ng/L) of the antidepressant fluoxetine affected diurnal and nocturnal risk behaviors in the presence of a predator, Cancer productus. We found that exposure to fluoxetine influenced both diurnal and nocturnal prey risk behaviors by increasing foraging and locomotor activity in the presence of predators, particularly during the day when these crabs normally stay hidden. Crabs exposed to fluoxetine were also more aggressive, with a higher frequency of agonistic interactions and increased mortality due to conflicts with conspecifics. These results suggest that exposure to field-detected concentrations of fluoxetine may alter the trade-off between resource acquisition and predation risk among crabs in estuaries. This fills an important data gap, highlighting how intra- and interspecific behaviors are altered by exposure to field concentrations of pharmaceuticals; such data more explicitly identify potential ecological impacts of emerging contaminants on aquatic ecosystems and can aid water quality management.
Data from: Nitrogen loads influence trophic organization of estuarine fish assemblages
Nutrient (N and P) loading may affect functioning in aquatic ecosystems by restructuring producer assemblages with flow-on effects to consumers. Trophic niche occupancy and trophic organization of consumers are key components of ecosystem function that have been increasingly investigated using quantitative isotopic niche indices. These indices are based on the premise that the isotopic values of consumer tissues indicate their assimilated diet. Typically, isotopic niche indices are calculated using only consumer isotope data, which limit their application for spatial and temporal comparisons because consumer isotopic niches depend on isotopic variability of available autotrophs. We used measures of isotopic variability of autotrophs to standardize isotopic niche indices, which enabled us to compare trophic organization of fish assemblages in nine estuaries spanning a broad range of nutrient loading. We related standardized isotopic niche indices of fish assemblages to nitrogen and phosphorous loads and hydrological flushing of the estuaries in autumn and spring. The estuarine fish assemblages studied here showed greater trophic diversity and less redundancy given moderate to high inorganic nitrogen loading. Taxonomic richness partly influenced three isotopic niche indices measuring trophic diversity, but not measures of redundancy. Similar patterns may occur in other systems in which nitrogen loads have increased but the diversity of primary producers has not been reduced to a single dominant source. Our results demonstrate bottom-up controls of estuarine food webs. Effects of inorganic nitrogen loading were transmitted upwards through the food web to affect the trophic organization of higher trophic levels, demonstrating the crucial role of nitrogen for estuarine trophic dynamics.
FIGURE 14 in The marine and estuarine shrimps of the Palaemoninae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil
FIGURE 14. Distribution of Palaemon ritteri Holmes, 1895.
FIGURE 13 in The marine and estuarine shrimps of the Palaemoninae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil
FIGURE 13. Distribution of Palaemon pandaliformis (Stimpson, 1871).
FIGURE 9 in The marine and estuarine shrimps of the Palaemoninae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil
FIGURE 9. Distribution of Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836).
FIGURE 6 in The marine and estuarine shrimps of the Palaemoninae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil
FIGURE 6. Distribution of Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818).
FIGURE 12 in The marine and estuarine shrimps of the Palaemoninae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil
FIGURE 12. Distribution of Palaemon paivai Fausto-Filho, 1967.
FIGURE 11 in The marine and estuarine shrimps of the Palaemoninae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil
FIGURE 11. Distribution of Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898).
FIGURE 4 in The marine and estuarine shrimps of the Palaemoninae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil
FIGURE 4. Distribution of Brachycarpus holthuisi Fausto-Filho, 1966.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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