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Text-fig. 2. Stratigraphical section at Předboj (according to Žítt et al. (1999), modified). Legend: 1 – Proterozoic bedrock, 2 – conglomerate, 3 – marl, marlstone, Ph – phosphatic crusts, R – reworked deposit, C – Upper Cenomanian, T – Lower Turonian, Q – Quaternary deposits, c – occurrence of invertebrate coprolites. in Sabellid And Serpulid Worms (Polychaeta, Canalipalpata, Sabellida, Sabellidae, Serpulidae) From The Rocky Coast Facies (Late Cenomanian) At Předboj Near Prague
Text-fig. 2. Stratigraphical section at Předboj (according to Žítt et al. (1999), modified). Legend: 1 – Proterozoic bedrock, 2 – conglomerate, 3 – marl, marlstone, Ph – phosphatic crusts, R – reworked deposit, C – Upper Cenomanian, T – Lower Turonian, Q – Quaternary deposits, c – occurrence of invertebrate coprolites.
Figure 3 in Herpetofauna Of The Quaternary Sand Dunes Of The Middle Rio São Francisco: Bahia: Brazil. Vii. Typhlops Amoipira Sp. Nov., A Possible Relative Of Typhlops Yonenagae (Serpentes, Typhlopidae)
Figure 3. Typhlops amoipira (MZUSP 12299, paratype) from Ibiraba, State of Bahia, Brazil.
Figure 2 in Herpetofauna Of The Quaternary Sand Dunes Of The Middle Rio São Francisco: Bahia: Brazil. Vii. Typhlops Amoipira Sp. Nov., A Possible Relative Of Typhlops Yonenagae (Serpentes, Typhlopidae)
Figure 2. Typhlops amoipira (MZUSP 12299, paratype) from Ibiraba, State of Bahia, Brazil.
Late Quaternary slip rate of the Aksay segment and its fast decreasing gradient along the Altyn Tagh fault
<p>Constraining the fault slip rate could reveal the strain accumulation and partitioning pattern. The Aksay segment, the eastern segment of the ATF (Altyn Tagh Fault), as the starting area where the slip rate of ATF decreases, is a strain partitioning zone. The spatial and temporal distribution of fault slip rate along the Aksay segment is of great significance to clarify the role of it in the strain-partitioning of the eastern ATF. We determined the slip rate of four sites along the Aksay segment respectively. The results demonstrated that the slip rate decreased dramatically with an overwhelmingly high slip gradient of ~9.8 mm/yr/100 km within a distance of ~50 km. The slip rate gradient at the Aksay segment is ~4 times of that of the Subei segment to the eastward termination of the ATF. We proposed that the decreased slip rate was absorbed principally by the uplifting of the Danghe Nan Shan. Our results indicated that the slip rate gradient along the ATF was not uniform, and decreased eastward with variable slip rate gradients at different segments, resulting in the uplifting of the mountains oblique with the ATF.</p>
Fig. 7 in A Possible Heptaxodontine and Other Caviidan Rodents from the Quaternary of Jamaica
Fig. 7. Left hemimandible of Xaymaca fulvopulvis AMNHM 268011 (holotype), in (A) medial, (B) ventral, (C) lateral, and (D) occlusal aspects. In C, the groove winding across the fossa for the superficial masseter is an artifact of some sort, perhaps created by a feeding invertebrate. Notice in D that empty cheektooth alveoli are smoothwalled and sharply inclined; m2 alveolus is normal to axis of camera lens, and thus appears larger than the other molar alveoli (which it is not).
FIG. 6 in Quaternary and Recent shells of Ocenebra erinaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) and O. brevirobusta Houart, 2000 (Mollusca, Muricidae, Ocenebrinae): reflections on the intra- and interspecific variations
FIG. 6. — Simplistic representation of the ontogeny of the spiral cords of Ocenebra erinaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) (population from Malaga, Spain). Abbreviations: ABP, abapical primary cord of the siphonal canal; abs, abapical secondary cord of the sutural ramp; adis, adapical secondary cord of the siphonal canal; ADP, adapical primary cord of the siphonal canal; ads, adapical secondary cord of the sutural ramp; IP, infrasutural primary cord; MP, median primary cords of the siphonal canal; ms, median secondary cord of the siphonal canal; P1, shoulder cord; P2-P6, primary cords of the convex part of the whorl (w.); s1-s6, secondary cords of the convex part of the whorl.
FIGURE 7 in The Cuban Crocodile (Crocodylus rhombifer) from Late Quaternary Underwater Cave Deposits in the Dominican Republic
FIGURE 7. Skull of a Cuban crocodile (Crocodylus rhombifer) of Late Quaternary age from Oleg's Bat Cave, Dominican Republic (MHD 572) in A. dorsal, B. ventral, C. left lateral, and D. posterior views.
Figure 12. Right ilium, lateral view. A in Morphology, relationships, and biogeographical significance of an extinct horned crocodile (Crocodylia, Crocodylidae) from the Quaternary of Madagascar
Figure 12. Right ilium, lateral view. A, Crocodylus acutus, USNM 211278. B, Voay robustus, AMNH 17008. C, Osteolaemus tetraspis, USNM 194448 (left element, image reversed). Scale = 1 cm.
Flying over phylogeographic breaks by wind: Quaternary evolutionary history of a mountain aspen in southwestern China
<p>The role of phylogeographic break and wind direction in the formation of plant genetic pattern has aroused increasing interest. Two phylogeographic breaks, MSD and TKL, existed in the Sino-Japanese floristic region have affected many plants, but there was no landscape genetic research across these two phylogeographic breaks. Here, we tested the internal and external factors that influence the phylogeographic pattern of <i>Populus</i> <i>rotundifolia</i>. Genetic variation was surveyed across 49 populations (567 individuals) covering the Chinese range of <i>P.</i> <i>rotundifolia</i>, using 14 nSSRs and 4 cpDNA markers. Demographic and migration hypotheses were tested using coalescent-based approaches, and the current and past potential distributions were predicted using ecological niche modelling. The range and habitat of the western and eastern lineages barely overlap at present, and demographic inferences suggest a population expansion event of <i>P. rotundifolia</i> in 600 Ka. Based on two biogeographic barriers (MSD and TKL) and genetic variation pattern, <i>P. rotundifolia </i>was divided into three groups. The historical gene flow was detected in the central group with western and eastern respectively, indicating an obvious lineages admixture in the central. Moreover, the central part is also the intersection of East Asian monsoon and South Asian monsoon, and has the highest genetic diversity. The existing genetic distribution pattern of <i>P</i><i>.</i> <i>rotundifolia</i> reflects the combined impacts of biogeographic history and biological traits.</p>
FIGURE 2 in A new oryzomyine (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) from the Quaternary of Curaçao (West Indies)
FIGURE 2. Left lower dentition of Oryzomys gorgasi (LACM 96090).
Figure 2 from: Assumpção CM, Quintela FM, Corrêa F, Loebmann D (2016) The ichthyofauna of limnic systems in Quaternary deposits of extreme southern Brazil. ZooKeys 638: 83-104. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.638.9199
Figure 2 - Dendrogram generated from the values of DSI between ichthyocenoses recorded in limnic systems of Rio Grande do Sul Quaternary deposits. Key: AC (Rio Grande coastal streams; Tagliani [1995]), BU (Tapes Butiazais; Becker et al. [2007]), CO (Corrientes Stream; Volcan et al. [2012]), LDP (Lagoa do Peixe; Loebmann and Vieira [2005]), LF (Lagoa Fortaleza; Schifino et al. [2004]), LM (Lagoa Mangueira; Artioli et al. [2009]), LP (Lagoa Pequena marginal marshes; present study), MP (Peat forest; Quintela et al. [2007]), SA (Cassino coastal streams; Bastos et al. [2013]), TA (Taim wetland; Garcia et al. [2006]), TU (Turuçu River basin; Burns et al. [2015]).
Figure 1 from: Assumpção CM, Quintela FM, Corrêa F, Loebmann D (2016) The ichthyofauna of limnic systems in Quaternary deposits of extreme southern Brazil. ZooKeys 638: 83-104. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.638.9199
Figure 1 - Four main geological formations from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. The study area (Quaternary deposits) as well as previous studies used in Dice Similarity Index analysis is entirely inserted in Coastal Plain. Key: 1 present study 2 Turuçu River basin; Burns et al. 2015 3 Corrientes Stream; Volcan et al. 2012 4 Tapes Butiazais; Becker et al. 2007 5 Fortaleza lagoon; Schifino et al. 2004 6 Lagoa do Peixe; Loebmann and Vieira 2005 7 Peat forest; Quintela et al. 2007 8 Rio Grande coastal streams; Tagliani 1995 9 Cassino coastal streams; Bastos et al. 2013 10 Taim wetland; Garcia et al. 2006 11 Lagoa Mangueira; Artioli et al. 2009.
Fig. 5 in Sesquiterpenoids and their quaternary ammonium hybrids from the mycelium of mushroom Stereum hirsutum by medium optimization
Fig. 5. Experimental CD spectra of 3–5 and TDDFT-calculated CD spectra of 5.
Fig. 4 in Sesquiterpenoids and their quaternary ammonium hybrids from the mycelium of mushroom Stereum hirsutum by medium optimization
Fig. 4. Key ROESY correlations of 2–5.
Fig. 1 in Sesquiterpenoids and their quaternary ammonium hybrids from the mycelium of mushroom Stereum hirsutum by medium optimization
Fig. 1. The LC-MS profiles of extracts for S. hirsutum FP-91666 cultures on five media.
Fig. 2. The structures from S in Sesquiterpenoids and their quaternary ammonium hybrids from the mycelium of mushroom Stereum hirsutum by medium optimization
Fig. 2. The structures from S. hirsutum FP-91666 cultured on WGB medium.
FIG. 3 in Two new species of Achnanthidium Kützing (Achnanthidiaceae) from the Quaternary sediments of the Colônia basin, Southeast Brazil
FIG. 3. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt & C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: 5 µm.
FIG. 6 in Two new species of Achnanthidium Kützing (Achnanthidiaceae) from the Quaternary sediments of the Colônia basin, Southeast Brazil
FIG. 6. — Achnanthidium craterianum Marquardt & C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: A-D, external views, raphe valve; C, detail of terminal raphe fissure and areolae; D, detail of central raphe fissures and central area; E, F, external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: A, C, D, 1 µm; B, E, F, 3 µm.
Flying over phylogeographic breaks by wind: Quaternary evolutionary history of a mountain aspen in southwestern China
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Data from: Multiple Quaternary refugia in the eastern Guiana Shield revealed by comparative phylogeography of 12 frog species
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