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1,271 results for “tropical forest”
Data from: Chronosequence resampling elucidates tree community and forest structure recovery patterns in restored tropical rainforest
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Litter decomposition rates across tropical montane and lowland forests are controlled foremost by climate
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Data from: leaf functional diversity and environmental filtering in a tropical dry forest: comparison between two geological substrates
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The eco-evolutionary history of Madagascar presents unique challenges to tropical forest restoration
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Data from: Ant–scale mutualism increases scale infestation, decreases folivory, and disrupts biological control in restored tropical forests
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Canopy cover data from: Applied nucleation facilitates tropical forest recovery
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Bird Frugivore Abundance data from: Applied nucleation facilitates tropical forest recovery
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The role of soil redox conditions in microbial phosphorus cycling in humid tropical forests
Humid tropical forests are among the most productive ecosystems globally, yet they often occur on soils with high phosphorus (P) sorption capacity, lowering P availability to biota. Short-term anoxic events are thought to release sorbed P and enhance its acquisition by soil microbes. However, the actual effects of anoxic conditions on microbial P acquisition in humid tropical forest soils are surprisingly poorly studied. We used laboratory incubations of bulk soils, NanoSIMS analysis of single microbial cells, and landscape scale measurements in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF), Puerto Rico to test the hypothesis that anoxic conditions increase microbial P acquisition in humid tropical forests. In laboratory and field experiments we found that microbial P uptake generally decreased under anoxic conditions, leading to high microbial carbon (C) to P ratios in anoxic soils. The decreased P acquisition under anoxic conditions was correlated with lower microbial C use efficiency (CUE), an index of microbial energy transfer in ecosystems. Phosphorus amendments to anoxic soils led to increased microbial P uptake and higher CUE suggesting that microbes were less able to access and utilize P under natural low redox conditions. Under oxic conditions, microbial C:P ratios and CUE did not respond to changes in substrate stoichiometry. These results challenge the existing paradigm by showing that anoxic conditions can decrease microbial P uptake and ultimately constrain microbial CUE. Our findings indicate that soil redox conditions tightly couple soil P and C cycles and advance our understanding of controls on P cycling in humid tropical forest ecosystems. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support p
FIGURE 3 in A protocol for online documentation of spider biodiversity inventories applied to a Mexican tropical wet forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae)
FIGURE 3. Example of a species page documented with standard views Cyrtognatha petila Dimitrov & Hormiga 2009. http:// www.unamfcaracnolab.com/WPGS_TUXV/tuxv.html
FIGURE 4 in A protocol for online documentation of spider biodiversity inventories applied to a Mexican tropical wet forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae)
FIGURE 4. Species richness estimations. Red triangles with values indicated with (*) correspond to the species estimations for those treatments fitted to a lognormal distribution. White and red triangles over the x axis indicate higher overestimations.
FIGURE 5. Species richness estimations slopes. Jack 2s in A protocol for online documentation of spider biodiversity inventories applied to a Mexican tropical wet forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae)
FIGURE 5. Species richness estimations slopes. Jack 2s indicates the slope average for these estimations based on incidence (BAT) and abundance (Bat and Estimates). Same averages were calculated for Jack 1s and Chao 1 and 2 estimation slopes. Column indicated with (*) correspond to the slope value for pitfalls under Chao's estimations.
Figure 5 in Three new Mexican species of the endemic Athysanini leafhopper genus Devolana DeLong (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from the tropical dry forest
Figure 5. Devolana tuxcacuensis Pinedo-Escatel and Aguilar-Pérez, sp. nov., site of habitat and collection. (a–c) Area covered by tropical dry forest at sampled site; (d) position and functionality of light trap used during the collections in the site (photo by GRJ).
Figure 3 in Three new Mexican species of the endemic Athysanini leafhopper genus Devolana DeLong (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from the tropical dry forest
Figure 3. Devolana tuxcacuensis Pinedo-Escatel and Aguilar-Pérez, sp. nov., holotype male genitalia: (a) pygofer, dorsal; (b) pygofer, lateral; (c) valve, ventral; (d) subgenital plate, ventral; (e) aedeagus, lateral; (f) apex of aedeagus, caudal; (g) aedeagus, ventral; (h) left style, dorsal; (i) connective, dorsal.
Data for: Wind drives temporal variation in pollinator visitation in a fragmented tropical forest
<p>Data for "Wind drives temporal variation in pollinator visitation in a fragmented tropical forest." Files include:</p> <p>1. Data on orchid bee abundance and species identification.</p> <p>2. Data for collection sessions, including forest cover at each site, as well as wind data for the specific time period of the collection, and overall abundance counts, etc.</p> <p>3. R scripts to recreate statistical presented in the paper, using the two datasets described above.</p>
Dataset: Seasonality, drivers, and isotopic composition of soil CO2 fluxes from tropical forests of the Congo Basin
<p>These data sets contain data from soil CO2 flux measurements and its drivers (soil moisture, soil temperature) from lowland and montane tropical forests of the Congo Basin. Additionally, 13C values of soil emitted CO2, SOC, Leaflitter, and stream dissolved CO2 are reported. A Manuscript using these data sets has been submitted to Biogeosciences</p>
FIGURE 9 in First record of Synagelides Strand, 1906 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sri Lanka description of four endemic species from tropical wet forest of the island
FIGURE 9. Synagelides orlandoi sp. nov. A–B, male (A, dorsal view; B, ventral view). C–E left palp (C, prolateral view; D, ventral view; E, retrolateral view). Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm, C–E = 0.1 mm.
Data from: Forest structure determines spatial changes in avian community along an elevational gradient in tropical Africa
Aim To test if tree species richness and forest structure drive spatial variation in avian communities along a tropical elevation gradient and to present information about the role of detailed forest parameters. Location A 2000-m long elevational gradient of tropical forest on Mt. Cameroon, west-central Africa. Taxon Birds and trees. Methods We performed bird censuses and vegetation mapping at the same plots across six forested sites at elevations of 350, 650, 1,100, 1,500, 1,850, and 2,200 m a.s.l., with 16 plots per elevation. We tested the effects of elevation, forest structure and tree diversity on the species richness, functional diversity and β-diversity of birds (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity). We used conditional inference trees based on random forests (RF) to investigate these relationships across all elevation sites as well as within elevations. Results Both tree and bird species richness declined monotonically with elevation. Vegetation structure correlated with elevation, and all vegetation attributes significantly differed among elevations. The RF explained 70% of the variance in avian species richness, with the most important predictors being elevation, proportion of dead trees, tree species richness and herb layer coverage. We found that elevation (and shrub layerE2) was a particularly important predictor of avian functional diversity. We identified no important predictor of bird species richness after standardization within elevations, and the proportion of dead trees was the sole important predictor of functional diversity. Within-elevation β-diversity in avian community composition was determined by the dissimilarity of the tree community and differences in leaf area index, solar radiation and spatial distance. The functional dissimilarity was best explained by leaf area index. Main conclusions Apart from elevation itself, spatial distance even within elevations correlated with compositional and functional variation among avian assemblages. Forest structural traits can have a significant influence on distribution of birds. Thus, gaps in the spatial distribution of species such as along elevations might be caused by fine-scale recognition of suitable habitats.
Data from: Pantropical geography of lightning-caused disturbance and its implications for tropical forests
<p>Lightning is a major agent of disturbance, but its ecological effects in the tropics are unquantified. Here, we used ground and satellite sensors to quantify the geography of lightning strikes in terrestrial tropical ecosystems, and to evaluate whether spatial variation in lightning frequency is associated with variation in tropical forest structure and dynamics. Between 2013 and 2018, tropical terrestrial ecosystems received an average of 100.4 million lightning strikes per year, and the frequency of strikes was spatially autocorrelated at local-to-continental scales. Lightning strikes were more frequent in forests, savannas, and urban areas than in grasslands, shrublands, and croplands. Higher lightning frequency was positively associated with woody biomass turnover and negatively associated with aboveground biomass and the density of large trees (trees ha<sup>-1</sup>) in forests across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Extrapolating from the only tropical forest study that comprehensively assessed tree damage and mortality from lightning strikes, we estimate that lightning directly damages ca. 832 million trees in tropical forests annually, of which ca. 194 million die. The similarly high lightning frequency in tropical savannas suggests that lightning also influences savanna tree mortality rates and ecosystem processes. These patterns indicate that lightning-caused disturbance plays a major and largely unappreciated role in pantropical ecosystem dynamics and global carbon cycling.</p>
More widespread alien tree species do not have larger impacts on regeneration of native tree species in a tropical forest reserve
There is insufficient information regarding the factors affecting the environmental impacts of alien species. In particular, little is known about whether there is any relationship between the invasiveness (establishment and spread) of an introduced species and its per-capita impact. We experimentally assessed the relationship between the extent of spread of up to 29 alien plant species and their impact on recruitment of native tree species in Amani Botanical Garden, Tanzania. We also studied the effects of allelochemicals of selected alien on native plant species to assess potential mechanisms of impact. We found no relationship between the extent of spread of an alien tree species and their impact on seed germination, seedling survival and seedling communities of native trees in their understory, and no indication that allelochemicals consistently explain their effects on recruitment of the studied species. These results suggest that extent of spread cannot be used as a proxy for impact. Hence, managers should continue assessing both the spread and the impact of alien species when prioritising alien species for management.
Data from: Differences in carbon stocks along an elevational gradient in tropical mountain forests of Colombia
Tropical mountain forests provide an exceptional opportunity to evaluate the patterns of variation of carbon stocks along elevational gradients that correspond to well-defined temperature gradients. We predicted that carbon stored in live aboveground biomass, aboveground necromass, and soil components of forests on the eastern flank of the Colombian Andes would change with elevation along this gradient extending from 750 to 2800 m above sea level. The rationale was that the corresponding change in temperature (14°C to 26°C) would influence tree growth and decomposition of organic matter. To address this hypothesis, we examined the carbon stored in these three components using data from 20 0.25-ha plots located along this elevational gradient. The mean total carbon stock found in the study region was 241.3±37.5 Mg C/ha. Aboveground carbon stocks decreased with elevation (p =0.001), as did necromass carbon stocks (p =0.016). Although soil organic carbon stocks did not differ significantly along the gradient (p =0.153), they contributed proportionately more at higher than at lower elevations, counterbalancing the opposite trends in aboveground carbon and necromass carbon stocks. As such, total carbon stocks did not vary significantly along the elevational gradient (p =0.576).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.