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Figures 4-5 from: Sampaio FDF, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA (2019) Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. Zoologia 36: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083
Figures 4-5 Relationship between weight (g) and total length (cm) of A.saxatilis: (4) weight (g) as a function of the total length (cm) of the fish. Black circles, fish that were alive at the end of the experiment (n = 53); white circles, fish that died during the experiment (n = 14). (5) Weight/length ratio versus fish length, with separate linear regressions for living (solid line) and dead (dashed line) fish, and respective r2 values.
Figures 7-8 from: Sampaio FDF, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA (2019) Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. Zoologia 36: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083
Figures 7-8 3-D mesh plots showing the relationship among the 3 water parameters, whole set of data. NH3-N (mg/L) versus DO(mg/L) versus pH, for live (7) and dead (8) fish. Legend illustrates color codes for pH interpolation.
Figures 1-3 from: Sampaio FDF, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA (2019) Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. Zoologia 36: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083
Figures 1-3 Time course of variation of water parameters for living and dead A.saxatilis: (1) water dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L), (2) total ammonia-N (NH3-N, mg/L) and (3) pH versus time (h). Values shown are means ± SEMs. When not apparent, SEM is smaller than the symbol. This happened for the water of the reference fish, ammonia and pH. Black circles: fish that were alive at the end of the experiment; white circles: fish that died during the experiment. *: water parameter for dead fish is different from that of live fish.
Fig. 6 in Elaphostrongylus and Dictyocaulus infections in Norwegian wild reindeer and red deer populations in relation to summer pasture altitude and climate
Fig. 6. Calculated range and mean (horizontal bar) of temperature for June–August 1959–2018, at the average altitude of the main summer pasture areas for eight wild reindeer and red deer populations sampled for parasitological studies 2012–2014. The results are presented separately for the two 30-year periods 1959–1988 (brown symbols) and 1989–2018 (red symbols). Reindeer populations (No): 14 Nordfjella, 2 Snøhetta, 19 Setesdal Ryfylke, 1 Forollhogna, 6 Rondane, 20 Setesdal Austhei. Red deer populations (No): 24 Ørsta, 25 Kvinnherad. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 7 in Elaphostrongylus and Dictyocaulus infections in Norwegian wild reindeer and red deer populations in relation to summer pasture altitude and climate
Fig. 7. Annual number of summer months (June–August) 1989–2018 with a calculated mean temperature ≥12 ̊C in the main summer grazing area of six wild reindeer populations and two red deer municipalities in South Norway sampled for parasitology 2012–2014. The sampling year of each population is indicated by a red dot. Reindeer populations (No): 14 Nordfjella, 2 Snøhetta, 19 Setesdal Ryfylke, 1 Forollhogna, 6 Rondane, 20 Setesdal Austhei. Red deer populations (No): 24 Ørsta, 25 Kvinnherad. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
TABLE 1. Comparison between Lepanthes cordillerana E. Restrepo, J. S in Lepanthes cordillerana (Orchidaceae) a new species and the landscape threats to its wild populations
<p><b>TABLE 1.</b> Comparison between <i>Lepanthes cordillerana</i> E.Restrepo, J.S.Moreno & Gal. -Tar. and related species (in alphabetic order).</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Character</b></th><th><i>L. cordillerana</i></th><th><i>L. intonsa</i></th><th><i>L. jubata</i></th><th><i>L. protuberans</i></th><th><i>L. teres</i></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><b>Leaves</b></th><td>Erect to horizontal,</td><td>Erect, thinly</td><td>Erect to suberect,</td><td>Erect, thickly</td><td>Erect, fleshy,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>heavily coriaceous,</td><td>coriaceous, ovate,</td><td>coriaceous, ovate,</td><td>coriaceous, narrowly</td><td>narrowly ovoid,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>lanceolate-acute,</td><td>acuminate, acute.</td><td>acuminate, margins</td><td>elliptical, acute.</td><td>terete, smooth</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>apex attenuate,</td><td></td><td>smooth or minutely</td><td></td><td>margined.</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>emarginate, margin</td><td></td><td>denticulate</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>ciliate.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>Petals</b></th><td>Cream, suffused</td><td>Yellow, suffused</td><td>Whitish internally,</td><td>Greenish white,</td><td>Light yellow with red</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>with magenta-red,</td><td>with orange,</td><td>suffused with</td><td>with red border,</td><td>margins, transversely,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>transversely bilobed,</td><td>microscopically</td><td>red externally,</td><td>microscopically</td><td>dolabriform,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>microscopically</td><td>pubescent,</td><td>transversely oblong,</td><td>pubescent,</td><td>the upper lobe</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>pubescent, the upper</td><td>transversely oblong,</td><td>bilobed, both lobes</td><td>transversely</td><td>oblong with the</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>lobe oblong with the</td><td>the upper lobe</td><td>obtuse, the upper</td><td>bilobed, the lobes</td><td>apex rounded, the</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>apex rounded, the</td><td>oblong, apically</td><td>longer.</td><td>subtriangular, about</td><td>lower lobe smaller,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>lower lobe oblong-</td><td>rounded and the</td><td></td><td>equally long, the</td><td>narrowly triangular,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>acute, apex obtuse.</td><td>smaller, oblique,</td><td></td><td>apices rounded.</td><td>obtuse.</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>obtuse lower lobe.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>Lip and</b></th><td>Cream-yellow, the</td><td>Reddish, the blades</td><td>Reddish, the blades</td><td>Rose, pubescent,</td><td>Yellow with red</td></tr><tr><th><b>appendix</b></th><td>blades marginally</td><td>oblong-obovate,</td><td>oblong, oblique, the</td><td>ciliate anteriorly,</td><td>margins, blades</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>suffused with red,</td><td>concave, the apical</td><td>margins with straight</td><td>the laminae oblong,</td><td>oblong, the</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>bilaminate, oblong,</td><td>margin long ciliated,</td><td>hairs, the connectives</td><td>with the apices and</td><td>apex ciliate, the</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>the apical margin</td><td>the connectives</td><td>rectangular,</td><td>bases rounded, the</td><td>connectives short,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>abundantly long</td><td>oblong, elongated,</td><td>erect, lifting the</td><td>connectives broadly</td><td>cuneate, the appendix</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>ciliated at the apex,</td><td>lifting the appendix</td><td>blades above the</td><td>oblong, oblique,</td><td>a subspherical,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>the connectives short,</td><td>straplike, sigmoid</td><td>column, the body</td><td>protuberant body,</td><td>bilobed body</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>cuneate, the body</td><td>in the lateral</td><td>broad, the sinus</td><td>the apex minimally</td><td>accommodated in a</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>broad, connate to the</td><td>view, pubescent,</td><td>broadly rounded</td><td>retuse without an</td><td>cavity in the sinus.</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>base of the column,</td><td>terminating in a small</td><td>and protruding</td><td>appendix.</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>the appendix capitate,</td><td>gland, hinged to the</td><td>with a minute,</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>cuneate basally,</td><td>sinus.</td><td>pedunculated,</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>apically caved,</td><td></td><td>bilobed appendix</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>villose.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
Data from: Strong divergence in trait means but not in plasticity across hatchery and wild populations of sea-run brown trout Salmo trutta
There is ample evidence that organisms adapt to their native environment when gene flow is restricted. However, evolution of plastic responses across discrete environments is less well examined. We studied divergence in means and plasticity across wild and hatchery populations of sea-run brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a common garden experiment with two rearing environments (hatchery and a nearly natural experimental stream). Since natural and hatchery environments differ, this arrangement provides an experiment in contemporary adaptation across the two environments. A QST-FST approach was used to investigate local adaptation in survival and growth over the first summer. We found evidence for divergent selection in survival in one year and in body length in both years and rearing environments. In general, the hatchery populations had higher survival and larger body size in both environments. QST in body size did not differ between the rearing environments and constitutive divergence in the means was in all cases stronger than divergence in the plastic responses. These results suggest that in this system constitutive changes in mean trait values are more important for local adaptation than increased plasticity. In addition, ex-situ rearing conditions induce changes in trait means that are adaptive in the hatchery, but potentially harmful in the wild, suggesting that hatchery rearing is likely to be a sub-optimal management strategy for trout populations facing selection in the stream environment.
Data from: Order of herbivore arrival on wild cabbage populations influences subsequent arthropod community development
In plant-arthropod associations, the first herbivores to colonise a plant may directly or indirectly affect community assembly on that particular plant. Whether the order of arrival of different arthropod species further modulates community assembly and affects plant fitness remains unclear. Using wild Brassica oleracea plants in the field, we manipulated the order of arrival of early-season herbivores that belong to different feeding guilds, namely the aphid Brevicoryne brassicae and caterpillars of Plutella xylostella. We investigated the effect of herbivore identity and order of arrival on community assembly on two B. oleracea plant populations during two growth seasons. For this perennial plant, we evaluated whether foliar herbivory also affected herbivore communities on the flowers and if these interactions affected plant seed production. Aphid infestation caused an increase in parasitoid abundance, but caterpillars modulated these effects, depending on the order of herbivore infestation and plant population. In the second growth season, when plants flowered, the order of infestation of leaves with aphids and caterpillars more strongly affected abundance of herbivores feeding on the flowers than those feeding on leaves. Infestation with caterpillars followed by aphids caused an increase in flower-feeding herbivores compared to the reversed order of infestation in one plant population, whereas the opposite effects were observed for the other plant population. The impact on plant seed set in the first reproductive year was limited. Our work shows that the identity and arrival order of early season herbivores may have long-term consequences for community composition on individual plants and that these patterns may vary among plant populations. We discuss how these community processes may affect plant fitness and speculate on the implications for evolution of plant defences.
Causes and consequences of telomere lengthening in a wild vertebrate population
<p>Telomeres have been advocated to be important markers of biological age in evolutionary and ecological studies. Telomeres usually shorten with age, and shortening is frequently associated with environmental stressors and increased subsequent mortality. Telomere lengthening – an apparent increase in telomere length between repeated samples from the same individual – also occurs. However, the exact circumstances, and consequences, of telomere lengthening are poorly understood. Using longitudinal data from the Seychelles warbler (<i>Acrocephalus sechellensis</i>), we tested whether telomere lengthening – which occurs in adults of this species – is associated with specific stressors (reproductive effort, food availability, malarial infection and cooperative breeding) and predicts subsequent survival. In females, telomere shortening was observed under greater stress (i.e. low food availability, malaria infection), while telomere lengthening was observed in females experiencing lower stress (i.e. high food availability, assisted by helpers, without malaria). The telomere dynamics of males were not associated with the key stressors tested. These results indicate that, at least for females, telomere lengthening occurs in circumstances more conducive to self-maintenance. Importantly, both females and males with lengthened telomeres had improved subsequent survival relative to individuals that displayed unchanged, or shortened, telomeres – indicating that telomere lengthening is associated with individual fitness. These results demonstrate that telomere dynamics are bidirectionally responsive to the level of stress that an individual faces, but may poorly reflect the accumulation of stress over the lifetime. This study challenges how we think of telomeres as a marker of biological age.</p>
Genetic diversity of farmed and wild Rufiji tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis urolepis) populations
<p>Rufiji tilapia (<em>Oreochromis urolepis urolepis</em>) is an endemic cichlid in Tanzania. In addition to its importance for biodiversity conservation, Rufiji tilapia is also attractive for farming due to its high growth-rate, salinity tolerance, and the production of all-male hybrids when crossed with Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>). The aim of the current study was to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of both wild and farmed Rufiji tilapia populations in order to inform conservation and aquaculture practices.</p>
Fig. 4 in Using a spatial mark-resight model to estimate the parameters of a wild pig (Sus scrofa) population in Singapore
Fig. 4. Frequency of Sus scrofa group sizes observed in 167 unique camera trap observations from May 2016 to August 2016.
Assortative mating for between-patch dispersal status in a wild bird population: Exploring the role of direct and indirect underlying mechanisms
<p><span>Previous studies have reported functional integration between dispersal and other phenotypic traits allowing individuals to alleviate dispersal costs, and such associations can affect dispersal evolution in return. In sexually reproducing species, assortative mating according to dispersal can shape the maintenance of such trait associations. Despite the potentially crucial consequences of dispersal in natural populations, assortative mating for dispersal and its underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, we assessed assortative mating for between-patch dispersal status in a fragmented population of a small passerine bird, the collared flycatcher, and explored whether such assortative mating could result from (i) direct mate choice based on dispersal-related behavioural (aggressiveness and boldness) and morphological traits (tarsus and wing length), (ii) biased mating due to spatio-temporal heterogeneity in the distribution of dispersal phenotypes and/or (iii) post-mating adjustment of dispersal phenotype or dispersal-related traits. We found intrinsic assortative mating (i.e. positive among-pair correlation) for current dispersal status (in the year of mating) but not for natal dispersal status, even though we could not exclude it due to limited power. We also found assortative mating for boldness and age category (yearlings vs. older adults), and the probability for pair members to be assorted for current dispersal status was higher when both pair members were of similar boldness score and of the same age compared to mixed-age pairs. Mate choice based on boldness and age thus appears as a possible mechanism underlying assortative mating for dispersal status. Our analyses however remained correlative and only an experimental manipulation of these traits could allow inferring causal links. Non-random mating for dispersal-related traits may affect the evolution of dispersal syndromes in this population. More work is nevertheless needed to fully assess the evolutionary implications of age- and behaviour-based assortative mating for dispersal.</span></p>
Body mass measurements of wild boar from two French populations
<p>Despite the importance of body growth in shaping life history tactics and population dynamics, exploring individual growth trajectories in the wild remains challenging. Here, we quantified wild boar growth trajectories at both the population and the individual levels using standard growth models (i.e. Gompertz, logistic, and monomolecular models) that encompass the expected range of growth shapes. According to current theories of life history evolution, we expect wild boar to display a sex-specific Gompertz type growth trajectory and lower size dimorphism in the poorer environment. While wild boar displayed the expected Gompertz type trajectory in the rich site at the population level, we found differences in growth shapes between the two populations and among individuals within each population. Asymptotic body mass, growth rate and timing of maximum growth rate differed as well, indicating a high flexibility of growth trajectories in wild boar. In addition, we found a cohort effect on asymptotic body mass suggesting that environmental conditions early in life shape body mass at adulthood. Our findings demonstrate that body growth trajectories in wild boar are context-, sex- and cohort-specific, differing between populations and among individuals within a population.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Mohamadzade Namin S, Huang J, An J, Jung C (2023) Genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of commercial populations of Bombus ignitus (Hymenoptera, Apidae) with wild populations in Eastern Asia. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 96: 495-506. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.102569
Information for COI sequences of Bombus ignitus from this study and NCBI-Genbank database
Exploration of the yield potential of mesoamerican wild common beans from contrasting eco-geographic regions by nested recombinant inbred populations
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Data from: Association mapping of morphological traits in wild and captive zebra finches: reliable within but not between populations
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Data from: Low demographic variability in wild primate populations: fitness impacts of variation, covariation, and serial correlation in vital rates
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Data from: Carry-over effects of the social environment on future divorce probability in a wild bird population
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Data from: Alternative reproductive tactics increase effective population size and decrease inbreeding in wild Atlantic salmon
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Data from: Food provisioning alters infection dynamics in populations of a wild rodent
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.