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FIGURE 16 in A morphological phylogenetic analysis and generic revision of Australian Helicarionidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Stylommatophora), and an assessment of the relationships of the family 2462

FIGURE 16. Microsculptures of the protoconch (A–E) and teleoconch (F–I). SEM. A. Mysticarion porrectus, AM C165048 (protoconch). B. Nitor circumcincta, AM C365822 (protoconch). C. Tarocystis responsivus, AM C425327 (protoconch). D. Coneuplecta calculosa, AM C377743 (protoconch). E. New genus C patescens, AM C120654 (protoconch). F. Nitor circumcincta, AM C365822 (teleoconch). G. Tarocystis responsivus, AM C425327 (teleoconch). H. Coneuplecta calculosa, AM C377743 (teleoconch). I. New genus C patescens, AM C120654 (teleoconch). Scale bars 100 mm (D, I), 200 mm (A–C, E–H).

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FIGURE 19. Shells, dorsal view. A in A morphological phylogenetic analysis and generic revision of Australian Helicarionidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Stylommatophora), and an assessment of the relationships of the family 2462

FIGURE 19. Shells, dorsal view. A. Stanisicarion freycineti, AM C391188. B. Stanisicarion virens, BMNH 197776 (S). C. Eungarion mcdonaldi, QMMO35628. D. Parmacochlea fischeri, AM C432179. E. Nitor circumcincta, AM C104161 (POS of Helix marmorata). F. Nitor subrugata, AM C333711. G. Nitor subrugata, AM C63479 (S of N. subrugata helmsianus). H. Pravonitor kreffti, BMNH no number (POS). I. Pravonitor kreffti, AM C29647 (H of P. kreffti insularum). J. Expocystis rustica, BMNH 1982243 (POH of Helix villaris). K. Malandena suturalis, AM C425087. Scale bars 3 mm (E, J), 5 mm (A–D, F–I, K). Photographs by H. Barlow (A, D, F, I), D. Beechey (E, G), I. Hyman (K), W. Ponder (B, H, J), copyright Australian Museum; photographer unknown, copyright Queensland Museum (C). Abbreviations: H, holotype; POH, possible holotype; POS, possible syntype; S, syntype.

Figure 5 in Phylogeny and systematics of mitriform gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)

Figure 5. Radular morphology of Costellariidae. Numbers correspond to the vouchers shown in Figure 4: 4. Exilia krigei; 5. Ceratoxancus cf melichrous; 6. Latiromitra barthelowi; 7. Vexillum cancellarioides; 8. Vexillum semifasciatum; 9. Zierliana ziervogeli; 10. Vexillum plicarium; 11. Vexillum exasperatum; 12. Vexillum nodospiculum; 13. Vexillum rubrum; 14. Vexillum (Protoelongata) dekkersi; 15. 'Vexillum' balutense; 16. Thala sp.; 17. Costellariidae gen. sp.; 18. Costellariidae Gen. sp.; 19. 'Vexillum' isaoi.

Figure 7 in Phylogeny and systematics of mitriform gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)

Figure 7. Radular morphology of Mitridae. Numbers correspond to the vouchers shown in Figure 6. 20. Charitodoron sp.; 21. 'Mitra' tuberosa; 22. 'Mitra' bernhardina; 23. 'Mitra' peculiaris; 24. Pterygia dactylus; 25. Strigatella paupercula; 26. Mitra mitra; 27. Mitridae gen. sp.; 28. Scabricola fusca; 29. 'Imbricaria' olivaeformis; 30. 'Ziba' fulgetrum.

Figure 1 in Phylogeny and systematics of mitriform gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)

Figure 1. Map of sampled localities. Black circles mark deep-water cruises, grey circles shallow-water shore-based expeditions. Diameters of circles are proportional to the number of samples used in the present study (see legend in the top right-hand corner; spm, specimens).

Figure 8 in Phylogeny and systematics of mitriform gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)

Figure 8. Bayesian analysis tree of the MCPV-4G data set with the current superfamily assignment shown in colour other than grey. MCPV, Mitridae−Costellariidae−Ptychatractidae−Volutomitridae.

Figure 4. Clade A in Phylogeny and systematics of mitriform gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)

Figure 4. Clade A subtree of the Bayesian tree obtained after analysis of the MCPV-4G data set. Support values are indicated for each node as Bayesian analysis Posterior probabilities values (when ≥ 0.8)/maximum likelihood bootstrap values (when ≥ 50)/ BA Posterior probabilities values for the COI single gene analysis (when ≥0.8). Voucher shells for those species studied morphologically are illustrated; numbers in bold correspond to scanning electron microscopy photos of their radulae [shown at the bottom for Volutomitridae (Microvoluta joloensis – 1), Exilioidea sp. (2), and Columbariinae (Coluzea cf. liriope – 3) and in Figure 5 for Exilia, Ceratoxancus, Latiromitra, and Costellariidae]. MCPV, Mitridae−Costellariidae−Ptychatractidae−Volutomitridae.

Figure 6 in Phylogeny and systematics of mitriform gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neogastropoda)

Figure 6. Mitridae subtree of the Bayesian tree obtained after analysis of the MCPV-4G data set. Support values are indicated for each node as Bayesian analysis PP values (when ≥ 0.8)/ maximum likelihood bootstrap values (when ≥ 50)/ BA Posterior probabilities values for the COI single gene analysis (when ≥0.8). Voucher shells for those species studied morphologically are illustrated; numbers in bold correspond to electron microscopy photos of their radulae (shown in Fig. 7). MCPV, Mitridae−Costellariidae−Ptychatractidae−Volutomitridae.

Figure 6 in Molecular phylogenetics and complementary geographical distributions of species of the Western Australian land snail genera Plectorhagada Iredale, 1933 and Strepsitaurus Solem, 1997 (Gastropoda: Camaenidae)

Figure 6. Scores on discriminant functions of shell traits among Plectorhagada carcharias, Plectorhagada scolythra, and Plectorhagada teres sp. nov.

Figure 4 in Molecular phylogenetics and complementary geographical distributions of species of the Western Australian land snail genera Plectorhagada Iredale, 1933 and Strepsitaurus Solem, 1997 (Gastropoda: Camaenidae)

Figure 4. Frequency distribution of genetic p-distances for COI in Plectorhagada and Strepsitaurus; white, comparisons between genera; grey, comparisons between congeneric species; black, comparisons within species.

Figure 3 in Molecular phylogenetics and complementary geographical distributions of species of the Western Australian land snail genera Plectorhagada Iredale, 1933 and Strepsitaurus Solem, 1997 (Gastropoda: Camaenidae)

Figure 3. Maximum-likelihood (ML) tree for Plectorhagada and Strepsitaurus based on concatenated sequences of COI and 16S. Inset shows relationships with the out-groups. Numbers indicate bootstrap support for the ML tree, all of which were less than or equal to the posterior probabilities from the Bayesian analysis.

Figure 1 in Molecular phylogenetics and complementary geographical distributions of species of the Western Australian land snail genera Plectorhagada Iredale, 1933 and Strepsitaurus Solem, 1997 (Gastropoda: Camaenidae)

Figure 1. Sample sites for Plectorhagada and Strepsitaurus. Large map (between North West Cape and Cape Range in the north and Shark Bay in the south) shows sites for Plectorhagada and southernmost sample sites of Strepsitaurus ningaloo (SNA, SNB). The shaded area is the known distribution of Strepsitaurus. The expanded map shows central Cape Range, with the sample sites of Strepsiaurus. Dotted lines indicate recorded distributions of species, based on Solem (1997). Open circles indicate sites for species restricted to gorges on the western side of the Cape Range, the shells of which are shown in the lower right corner. Site codes as described in Table 1.

Figure 2 in Molecular phylogenetics and complementary geographical distributions of species of the Western Australian land snail genera Plectorhagada Iredale, 1933 and Strepsitaurus Solem, 1997 (Gastropoda: Camaenidae)

Figure 2. Frontal and basal views of a specimen of Strepsitaurus milyeringus, showing shell measurements. Whorls were counted in apical view (not shown).

FIGURE 35. Echinolittorina vermeiji. A in The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean 2184

FIGURE 35. Echinolittorina vermeiji. A, Nodilittorina (Nodilittorina) vermeiji Bandel & Kadolsky, 1982, holotype, Baia de Sueste, Isla Fernando de Noronha, 540 km NE Recife, Brazil (USNM 749819). B, G, Nodilittorina (Nodilittorina) vermeiji Bandel & Kadolsky, 1982, paratypes, Fernando Noronha, Brazil (BMNH 1889.2.21.63, 1887.2.9.1831). C, E, F, H, Ensenada dos Portugueses, Ilha da Trindade, Brazil (BMNH 1989066). D, Ponta de Santo Antonio, Fernando Noronha, Brazil (BMNH 20081063). I, Ilha da Trindade, Brazil (BMNH 1906.11.1.11). J, K, Ilha do Cemiterio, Atol das Rocas, Brazil (BMNH 1989064). L–N, Buraco da Raquel, Fernando Noronha, Brazil (MZSP 31398).

FIGURE 31. Echinolittorina tuberculata. A in The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean 2184

FIGURE 31. Echinolittorina tuberculata. A, Litorina tuberculata Menke, 1828, neotype, Pointe des Châteaux, E tip Grande Terre, Guadeloupe (USNM 749822). B, Barbados (BMNH 20081039). C, H, Nenton Point, Antigua (BMNH 20081040). D, N, Tulum, Quintana Roo, Mexico (BMNH 20081041). E, Fort Pierce Inlet, St Lucie Co., Florida, USA (BMNH 20081042). F, I, South Water Cay, Belize (BMNH 20081043). G, Goffs Cay, Belize (BMNH 20081044). J–L, Little Stirrup Cay, Berry Is, Bahamas (BMNH 20081045). M, Bermuda (BMNH 1911.12.21.873). O, Pigeon I., St Lucia (BMNH 20081046). P, Belle Fontaine, Martinique (BMNH 20081047). Q, Bermuda (BMNH 20081048).

FIGURE 34 in The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean 2184

FIGURE 34. Distribution of Echinolittorina tuberculata from material examined (solid circles) and literature records (open circles; A, Flores 1973a; B, M. Krisberg, pers. comm.).

FIGURE 29 in The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean 2184

FIGURE 29. Radulae of Echinolittorina angustior (two views of each radula, flat and at 45°). A, B, Fort Pierce Inlet, St Lucie Co., Florida, USA (BMNH 20081035; shell H = 11.0 mm). C, D, Silver Sands, Christ Church, Barbados (BMNH 20081037; shell H = 9.0 mm). Scale bars = 50 µm.

FIGURE 28. Echinolittorina angustior. A–G, penes. H, pallial oviduct. I, J, egg capsules. K–M, paraspermatozoa. A, B, G, I–K in The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean 2184

FIGURE 28. Echinolittorina angustior. A–G, penes. H, pallial oviduct. I, J, egg capsules. K–M, paraspermatozoa. A, B, G, I–K, Fort Pierce Inlet, St Lucie Co., Florida, USA (BMNH 20081035; shell H A = 7.7 mm, B = 8.9 mm, G = 8.0 mm). C, D, M, Rocky Bay, Devonshire, Bermuda (BMNH 20081036; shell H C = 10.4 mm, D = 7.1 mm). E, Playa Huertas, Portobelo, Panama (BMNH 20081033; shell H = 11.3 mm). F, L, La Toc Beach, St Lucia (BMNH 20081034; shell H = 8.0 mm). H, Fort Pierce Inlet, St Lucie Co., Florida, USA (BMNH 20081026; shell H = 12.3 mm). Shading conventions as in Figure 15.

FIGURE 33 in The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean 2184

FIGURE 33. Radulae of Echinolittorina species (two views of each radula, flat and at 45°). A–F, E. tuberculata. A, B, normal form; Antigua (BMNH 20081058; shell H = 11.9 mm). C, D, Intermediate form; Oracabessa, Jamaica (BMNH 20081059; shell H = 12.9 mm). E, F, Narrowed form; Silver Sands, Christ Church, Barbados (BMNH 20081039; shell H = 12.7 mm). G, H, E. vermeiji; Buraco da Raquel, Fernando de Noronha, Brazil (MZSP 31398; shell H = 15.5 mm). Scale bars = 50 µm.

FIGURE 27. Echinolittorina angustior. A in The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean 2184

FIGURE 27. Echinolittorina angustior. A, Littorina angustior Mörch, 1876, lectotype, La Habana, Cuba (ZMK). B, C, South Water Cay, Belize (BMNH 20081024). D, Littorina carinata d'Orbigny, 1841, lectotype, Cuba (BMNH 1854.10.4.128). E, West Sister Rock, Monroe Co., Florida, USA (BMNH 20081027). F–I, Jingle Beach, Priory, Jamaica (BMNH 20081028). J, Tavernier Key, Monroe Co., Florida, USA (BMNH 20081025). K–M, Fort Pierce Inlet, St Lucie Co., Florida, USA (BMNH 20081026). N, Little Stirrup Cay, Berry Is, Bahamas (BMNH 20081029). O, P, Virgin Gorda, British Virgin Is (BMNH 20081030). Q, R, Antigua (BMNH 20081031). S, Bayahibe, Dominican Republic (BMNH 20081032).