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Supplementary material 1 from: Aspöck H, Aspöck U, Walochnik J, Kniha E (2021) Where did the Central European populations of Ornatoraphidia flavilabris (Costa) come from? (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera, Raphidiidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68(2): 249-259. https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.70814
Personal unpublished O. flavilabris records used for the distribution map
Supplementary material 2 from: Aspöck H, Aspöck U, Walochnik J, Kniha E (2021) Where did the Central European populations of Ornatoraphidia flavilabris (Costa) come from? (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera, Raphidiidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68(2): 249-259. https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.70814
Multiple sequence alignment based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) sequences
Figure 4 from: Aspöck H, Aspöck U, Walochnik J, Kniha E (2021) Where did the Central European populations of Ornatoraphidia flavilabris (Costa) come from? (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera, Raphidiidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68(2): 249-259. https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.70814
Figure 4 Maximum likelihood trees based on cox1 (A.), cox3 (B.), and 28S (C.) sequences of Raphidioptera species. Puncha ratzeburgi (except cox1 tree) and Xanthostigma xanthostigma were used as outgroups. Vertical colored bars represent Ornatoraphidia flavilabris sequences originating from Austria (green), Italy (red), and Greece (blue). Em.-Rom.=Emilia-Romagna, Italy. Bootstrap values >50% are shown.
Supplementary material 7 from: Aspöck H, Aspöck U, Walochnik J, Kniha E (2021) Where did the Central European populations of Ornatoraphidia flavilabris (Costa) come from? (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera, Raphidiidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68(2): 249-259. https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.70814
Pairwise Tamura-3-parameter distances (%) based on 28S rRNA gene (28S) gene sequences
Increased microclimatic variation in artificial nests does not create ecological traps for a secondary cavity breeder, the European roller
Artificial devices are increasingly used in conservation measures to mitigate the disappearance of natural habitats. However, few studies have demonstrated their benefits for the target species, and they may pose a risk of creating ecological traps. This occurs when lower individual fitness is found in artificial habitats that are more attractive than their natural equivalents. In this study, we tested the ecological trap hypothesis on a dense population of European rollers Coracias garrulus breeding in both natural cavities and nest-boxes. Our initial prediction was that the more stressful microclimatic conditions of nest-boxes would lead to reduced fitness of European rollers, thus creating an ecological trap. The results showed that nest-boxes were preferred over natural cavities. Despite significantly more extreme microclimatic conditions in nest-boxes, we found similar breeding parameters between artificial and natural nest types. Our results also suggest that European rollers selected the nest-boxes which best buffered the temperature, thus avoiding potential ecological traps. Overall our results led to the conclusion that nest-boxes do not create ecological traps for European rollers in this study area. However, other species may be more sensitive to microclimatic variations or less able to avoid the least favourable nest-boxes. These findings could help to inform the placement of nest-boxes in order to reduce extreme temperatures and variation in humidity rates. Future studies could compare nest types for other fitness parameters, such as juvenile body condition or survival. We also recommend the ecological trap hypothesis as a useful framework to evaluate the outcomes of artificial devices used for conservation.
Turning old foes into new allies – harnessing drainage canals for biodiversity conservation in a desiccated European lowland region
<p>1. Drainage canals are widespread components of agricultural landscapes. Although canals have greatly contributed to biodiversity loss by desiccating wetlands, they have recently attracted conservation attention due to their potential to function as refugia for native species in intensively managed landscapes. However, their conservation role in complex landscapes composed of agricultural fields and desiccated but otherwise untransformed, semi-natural habitats, on which canals still pose a heavy burden, is unknown. Improved understanding of drainage canals and related biodiversity in these landscapes could help unlock their potential and support synergistic land management for nature conservation and water resource management.</p> <p>2. We applied a multitaxon approach, including plants, butterflies, true bugs, spiders and birds, to (1) assess the conservation value of drainage canals with temporary water cover in a heavily drained European lowland region, (2) to test landscape-level and local canal parameters for aiding prioritization among canals, and (3) to propose a reconciliation-based management framework that suits the interest of all stakeholders.</p> <p>3. We found that drainage canals and their banks concentrate more species across most taxa than semi-natural, mostly grassland habitats, possibly due to micro-environmental heterogeneity and the absence of low-intensity annual management compared to grasslands. Canals traversing semi-natural grasslands concentrate particularly high numbers of native species, but agricultural canals also support remarkable species richness. However, agricultural canals are important dispersal corridors for non-native invasive plants, which may negatively affect native biodiversity. Canal size has little effect on biodiversity but habitat stress is an important determinant. The higher the stress (due to sandiness and salinity), the higher is the added value of canals to landscape-wide biodiversity.</p> <p><i>Synthesis and applications.</i> We show that drainage canals can harbour high biodiversity and should therefore be recognized as important novel ecosystems with high conservation value, even when cutting through semi-natural grassland habitats. Canals have previously been considered detrimental to nature conservation due to their association with loss of wetlands. However, by reducing water loss with reversible obstructions, controlling invasive species and applying specific conservation measures, they may be turned into conservation allies without compromising long-term interests of water management and agricultural land use.</p>
Fig. 3. A in Atlas of European millipedes 3: Order Chordeumatida (Class Diplopoda)
Fig. 3. A selection of European species of Chordeumatida C.L. Koch, 1847, various families. A. Psichrosoma cf. breuli (Mauriès, 1970) (Vandeleumatidae Mauriès, 1970). B. Turdulisoma cf. helenreadae Mauriès, 2015 (Haplobainosomatidae Verhoeff, 1909). C. Hylebainosoma nontronense Mauriès & Kime, 1999 (Haaseidae Attems, 1899). D. Anamastigona pulchella (Silvestri, 1894) (Anthroleucosomatidae Verhoeff, 1899). E. Melogona gallica (Latzel, 1884) (Chordeumatidae C.L. Koch, 1847). F. Chordeuma proximum Ribaut, 1913 (Chordeumatidae). G. Ceratosphys amoena Ribaut, 1920 (Opisthocheiridae Ribaut, 1913). H. Mastigona mutabilis (Latzel, 1884) (Mastigophorophyllidae Verhoeff, 1899). Photo credits: Paul Richards, www.flickr.com/invertimages (A–E, G), Trevor and Dilys Pendleton (F), Jörg Spelda (H).
Fig. 1. A in Atlas of European millipedes 3: Order Chordeumatida (Class Diplopoda)
Fig. 1. A selection of European species of Chordeumatida C.L. Koch, 1847, family Craspedosomatidae Gray, 1843. A. Nanogona polydesmoides (Leach, 1814). B. Rhymogona verhoeffi (Bigler, 1913). C. Craspedosoma raulinsii Leach, 1814, in copula. D. Atractosoma meridionale Fanzago, 1876. E. Bergamosoma canestrinii (Fedrizzi, 1878), feeding on excrements of fox (Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758)). Photo credits: Paul Richards, www.flickr.com/invertimages (A, C), Jörg Spelda (B, D), José Domingo Gilgado (E).
Figs 7-12 in An unexpected discovery of a new subgenus and a species of Plusiocampa (Campodeidae, Diplura) alongside an overview of Central European subterranean campodeids
Figs 7-12. Plusiocampa (Pentachaetocampa) inopinata subgen. et sp. nov. 7–8. Metanotum. 7. Macrosetae la1,2,3 and mp. 8. Detail of surface. 9. Cupuliform organ of last antennomere. 10. Sensillum of cupuliform organ. 11. Gouge sensilla. 12. Metathoracic leg. Scale bars in µm.
Figs 1–2 in An unexpected discovery of a new subgenus and a species of Plusiocampa (Campodeidae, Diplura) alongside an overview of Central European subterranean campodeids
Figs 1–2. Plusiocampa (Pentachaetocampa) inopinata subgen. et sp. nov. 1. On a clay surface. 2. On the surface of a puddle from Schallsinger Höhle. Courtesy of Mirjam Widmer. Scale bars = 2 mm.
Genomic signals of admixture and reinforcement between two closely related species of European sepsid flies
<p>Interspecific gene flow by hybridization may weaken species barriers and adaptive divergence, but can also initiate reinforcement of reproductive isolation through natural and sexual selection. However, the extent of interspecific gene flow and its consequences for the initiation and maintenance of species barriers in natural systems remain poorly understood. We first applied coalescence simulations and approximate Bayesian calculations based on microsatellite data to infer the yet unknown demographic history of the two closely related European dung fly sister species Sepsis cynipsea and Sepsis neocynipsea (Diptera: Sepsidae). To assess genome-wide patterns of historical gene flow between both species, we quantified discordances in derived allele sharing (D-statistics, ABBA-BABA test) in whole-genome resequencing data from pooled DNA of male specimens originating from natural and laboratory populations. We contrasted genome-wide variation in DNA sequence differences between samples from sympatric populations of the two species in France and Switzerland with that of interspecific differences between pairs of samples involving allopatric populations from Estonia and Italy. At one site in the French Cevennes we detected a relative excess of DNA sequence identity, suggesting interspecific gene flow in sympatry. In contrast, at two sites in Switzerland, we observed a relative depletion of DNA sequence identity compatible with reinforcement of species boundaries in sympatry. Our results suggest that the species boundaries between S. cynipsea and S. neocynipsea in Europe depend on the eco-geographic context.</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S2
Supplementary material 4 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S4
Supplementary material 1 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S1
Supplementary material 3 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S3
Figs 18-27 in A European discovery: Kalliste pavonum gen. nov., sp. nov., the smallest phalangiid species known to date (Arachnida: Opiliones: Phalangiidae)
Figs 18-27. Kalliste pavonum gen. sp. nov. Male and female copulatory organs. (18-20) Penis of male from Col de Verde in ventral (18), dorsal (19) and lateral view (20). (21-22) Penis of male from Col de Vizzavona in dorsal (21) and lateral view (22). (23-24) Stylus, glans and distal part of truncus penis in lateral view (23: Col de Verde, 24: Col de Vizzavona). (25-26) Distal part of stylus in lateral view (25: Col de Verde, 26: Col de Vizzavona). (27) Distal part of ovipositor in ventral view. Scales: 0.3 mm (Figs 18-22); 0.05 mm (Figs 23-24); 0.025 mm (Figs 25-26); 0.2 mm (Fig. 27).
Supplementary material 2 from: Schmid-Egger C, Schmidt S (2021) Unexpected diversity in Central European Vespoidea (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Myrmosidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Tiphiidae, Thynnidae, Vespidae), with description of two species of Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870. ZooKeys 1062: 49-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.70763
DNA barcoding statistics
Figures 8-13 from: Schmid-Egger C, Schmidt S (2021) Unexpected diversity in Central European Vespoidea (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Myrmosidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Tiphiidae, Thynnidae, Vespidae), with description of two species of Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870. ZooKeys 1062: 49-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.70763
Figures 8-13 Smicromyrme burgeri sp. nov. 8–11 female holotype 8 habitus in dorsal view 9 habitus in lateral view 10 head in frontal view 11 tergite S6 12, 13 male paratype 12 habitus in dorsal view 13 habitus in lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm for all images.
Figures 23-26 from: Schmid-Egger C, Schmidt S (2021) Unexpected diversity in Central European Vespoidea (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Myrmosidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Tiphiidae, Thynnidae, Vespidae), with description of two species of Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870. ZooKeys 1062: 49-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.70763
Figures 23-26 Genitalia, males 23Smicromyrme rufipes24Smicromyrme burgeri sp. nov. 25Smicromyrme langobardensis sp. nov. 26Dolichovespula pacifica.
Supplementary material 3 from: Schmid-Egger C, Schmidt S (2021) Unexpected diversity in Central European Vespoidea (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Myrmosidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Tiphiidae, Thynnidae, Vespidae), with description of two species of Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870. ZooKeys 1062: 49-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.70763
Neighbor-joining tree resulting from the analysis of DNA barcode sequences
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.