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8,443 results for “gastropoda”
Figure 1 in The tail tells the tale: taxonomy and biogeography of some Atlantic Chelidonura (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial gene data
Figure 1. External morphology of some specimens of Chelidonura showing the range of colour variation. Specimens are grouped according to the authors' interpretation of species boundary hypotheses proposed in the literature. A–G, specimens similar to the original description of Chelidonura berolina Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970: A, original drawing of C. berolina (from Marcus & Marcus, 1970); B, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 176429); C, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 3127); D, specimens from Bahamas (LACM 176427); E, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 3127); F, specimen from Yucatan, Mexico; G. specimen from Bahamas (LACM 176425). H–M, specimens similar to the original description of Aglaja hummelincki Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970: H, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 3127); I, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 176427); J, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 176425); K, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 176426); L, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 176425); M, original drawing of A. hummelincki (from Marcus & Marcus, 1970). N–P, specimens similar to the original description of Chelidonura juancarlosi Ortea & Espinosa 1998: N, original drawing of C. juancarlosi (from Ortea & Espinosa, 1998); O, specimen from Bermuda (LACM 176434); P, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 173215). Q–S, specimens similar to the original description of Chelidonura mariagordae Ortea et al. 2004: Q, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 176435); R, original photograph of C. mariagordae (from Ortea et al., 2004); S, specimen from Bahamas (LACM 3128).
Figure 6 in The tail tells the tale: taxonomy and biogeography of some Atlantic Chelidonura (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial gene data
Figure 6. Type specimens of Chelidonura normani sp. nov. A, holotype (LACM 3125). B, paratype (LACM 3127). C, paratypes (LACM 3126). D, paratype (LACM 3128).
Figure 3 in Phylogeny and evolution of corambid nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
Figure 3. Origin and phylogeny of corambids. Strict consensus tree of ten equally parsimonious trees obtained by cladistic analysis (PAUP) of data matrix given in Table 2. All charaters were treated as unweighted and unordered. The tree was unrooted. Numbers above branches refer to bootstrap values (BT <50 not indicated); values over 75 are set in bold face and are considered as significant (Felsenstein, 1985), obtained by a separate analysis (1000 replications, PAUP) with the same settings. Warm-water species are set in bold face. The split between the Eastern Pacific Corambe steinbergae and the terminal clade of Atlantic warm-water species occurred before or at the closing of the Isthmus of Panama, and thus dates back at least ~3 My. Abbreviations indicate geographic distributions: A, Atlantic; BA, Boreo- Arctic; MA, Magellanic; NA, Northern Atlantic; NEA, North-Eastern Atlantic, NEP, North-Eastern Pacific; NP, Northern Pacific; NWA, North-Western Atlantic; NWP, North-Western Pacific; SEP, South-Eastern Pacific; SWA, South-Western Atlantic, SWP, South-Western Pacific.
Figure 1 in Phylogeny and evolution of corambid nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
Figure 1. Examples of external features used for phylogenetic analyses from living specimens of cryptobranch and phanerobranch Doridoidea. A, Adalaria jannae Millen, 1987: showing usual phanerobranch onchidoridid pattern with dorsal gills, but without gill cavity; note the well-defined postbranchial gland; specimen from Western Pacific, Kamchatka, 7 mm in length. B, Adalaria jannae Millen 1987: showing omega-shaped notum, 8 mm in length. C, corambid onchidoridid Loy meyeni Martynov, 1994a with three dorsal gills in a small cavity; specimen from the Sea of Japan, Peter the Great Bay, 6.5 mm in length. D, corambid onchidoridid Corambe mancorensis Martynov et al., 2011: with ventral serial gills and three separate median gills in a semiclosed cavity; specimen from Mancora, Peru, 4 mm in length. E, Cadlina laevis (Linnaeus, 1767): showing a 'typical' cryptobranch chromodoridid pattern, with dorsal gills in a well-defined gill cavity; specimen from White Sea, Kandalakshsky Bay, 25 mm in length. F, Onchimira cavifera Martynov et al. 2009: an onchidoridid with dorsal gills in a well-defined gill cavity; specimen from Western Pacific, Kamchatka, 21 mm in length. Abbreviations: dg, dorsal gills; gc, gill cavity (= gill pocket); mg, median gills; pg, postbranchial gland. Photos: A, E–F, Tanya Korshunova; B, Karen Sanamyan; C, Alexander Martynov; D, Michael Schrödl & Bastian Brenzinger.
Figure 5 in Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)
Figure 5. Evolution of special reproductive features in Acochlidia. Strict consensus tree (see Fig. 3, but with outgroups condensed). The evolution of hypodermic impregnation in hedylopsaceans (excluding Tantulum, with plesiomorphic copulation) was concomitant with the production of short-headed sperm. The common ancestor of both Pseudunela and Acochlidiidae evolved an additional, paraprostatic injection system. A potential evolutionary key feature for the radiation of Acochlidium and Palliohedyle is the giant, armed 'rapto-penis'. Within the microhedylacean clade, gonochorism may have been the key to the radiation of marine Microhedylidae s.l. species. An aphallic condition and sperm transfer via spermatophores, correlated at least in Asperspina and Microhedylidae (but still unknown for Hedylopsis ballantinei), may have been necessary evolutionary prerequisites.
Figure 1 in Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)
Figure 1. External morphology of living specimens of limnic (A and B) and marine (C–J) Acochlidia. A, Strubellia sp. from Vanuatu (subadult, 2-cm long), with large lateral eyes and a broad foot; B, Acochlidium fijiense from Fiji (2-cm long), note the propodial tentacles and the heart bulb; C, Pseudunela sp. from Vanuatu (3.5-mm long), with long, free posterior foot; D, Asperspina rhopalotecta from Italy (2-mm long), note anterior mantle margin forming a permanent rim; E, Microhedyle glandulifera from Italy (2-mm long), with epidermal glands; F, Paraganitus sp. from Vanuatu (1.5-mm long), with convoluted digestive gland; G, Pontohedyle milaschewitchii from Croatia (3-mm long; ventral view), with head–foot completely retracted into visceral hump; H, P. milaschewitchii from Italy (3-mm long), with short and blunt free posterior foot; I, Hedylopsis spiculifera from Italy, (juvenile, 1-mm long); J, Hedylopsis ballantinei from Egypt (5.5-mm long), note the net-like arrangement of spicules. Abbreviations: dg, digestive gland (shining through the integument); eg, epidermal gland; ey, eye; f, foot; hb, heart bulb; k, kidney (shining through the integument); lt, labial tentacle; mm, anterior mantle margin; pt, propodial tentacle; rh, rhinophore; sp, spicule; vh, visceral hump. A, right view; B–F, I, dorsal view; G, H, ventral view; J, left view.
Figure 4 in Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)
Figure 4. Evolution of the Acochlidia. Strict consensus tree (see Fig. 3, but with outgroups condensed), showing some selected apomorphies of the major groups (indicated by vertical blotches), e.g. the dagger-like radula teeth of ganitids. Homoplasies, such as the independent evolution of secondary spicule shells, are marked in italics. Limnic species (in boxes) evolved twice, independently; note the differences between the single, small-sized Tantulum elegans from the Caribbean and the array of large, benthic Indo-Pacific Acochlidiidae species that obviously had greater evolutionary success.
Figure 2 in Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)
Figure 2. Schematic overview of the cephalic copulatory organs of different acochlidian species. A, Tantulum elegans; B, Hedylopsis spiculifera; C, Pseudunela spp.; D, Strubellia spp. Abbreviations: bf, basal finger; bfg, gland inside basal finger; bs, basal swelling; de, ejaculatory duct; go, copulatory/male genital opening; p, penis; pd, paraprostatic duct; pg, penial gland; ppr, paraprostate; pr, prostate; ps, penial sheath; sg, external sperm groove; st, hollow stylet; th, solid thorn; vd, vas deferens; vdb, back leading vas deferens. Not drawn to scale.
Figure 5 in A new peltospirid snail (Gastropoda: Neomphalida) adds to the unique biodiversity of Longqi vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge
Figure 5. Consensus tree from phylogenetic reconstruction using Bayesian inference, based on 570 bp of the barcoding fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. Node values show Bayesian posterior probabilities; only those above 0.7 are shown. GenBank accession numbers of the sequences used are indicated in parentheses.
Figure 4 in A new peltospirid snail (Gastropoda: Neomphalida) adds to the unique biodiversity of Longqi vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge
Figure 4. Lirapex felix sp. nov., soft parts, paratype (NSMT-Mo 79,160). (a) Right view; (b) anterior view with part of the mantle roof removed, visceral mass digitally removed at the dashed line; (c) ventral view; (d) left view. Abbreviations: a, anus; c, ctenidium; d, digestive gland; et, epipodial tentacle; f, foot; i, intestine; k, left kidney; lm, left columellar muscle; op, opercular attachment; ov, ovary; p, pericardium; pe, pallial edge; r, rectum; rm, right columellar muscle; s, stomach; sn, snout; t, cephalic tentacle. Scale bars: a, c–d = 1 mm; b = 0.5 mm.
Figure 1 in A new peltospirid snail (Gastropoda: Neomphalida) adds to the unique biodiversity of Longqi vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge
Figure 1. (a) Map of southwestern Indian Ocean showing the Longqi hydrothermal vent field on the Southwest Indian Ridge; (b) 'Tiamat' chimney (DFF11) showing the typical peltospirid-snail-dominated aggregations alongside colonies of Bathymodiolus mussels and Neolepas stalked barnacles.
Figure 3 in A new peltospirid snail (Gastropoda: Neomphalida) adds to the unique biodiversity of Longqi vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge
Figure 3. Lirapex felix sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. (a) Protoconch, holotype (RSIO 35733), arrows indicate the transition between protoconch and teleoconch; (b) shell sculpture, holotype (RSIO 35733); (c) operculum, paratype (NSMT-Mo 79160); (d–e) radula, holotype (RSIO 35733); (f) shell microsculpture, paratype (NSMT-Mo 79160), arrows indicate shell pores. Scale bars: a = 100 μm; b = 200 μm; c = 1 mm; d = 50 μm; e–f = 20 μm.
Figure 8 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 8. Phylogenetic tree based on COI. 50% majority rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis with posterior probabilities/bootstrap support values (from maximum likelihood analysis). Sample abbreviations and groups of samples are given in Tables 1 and 3.
Figure 11 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 11. Pupa muscorum var. pratensis. Series of four shells from type locality Dinkelscherben near Augsburg (Germany) in frontal and lateral view. A, neotype SMNS-ZI0138339. B–D, SMNS-ZI0138341.
Figure 10 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 10. Pupilla loessica. Series of four shells from type locality Předmostí at Přerov (Czech Republic, fossil from Saalian loess) in frontal and lateral view. A is the designated neotype. All deposited at the National Museum of Prague.
Figure 7 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 7. Shell microsculpture (SEM micrographs). A–T, P. loessica. U–Z, P. alpicola. a–d, P. alpicola (morphogroup P. m. densegyrata). e–h, P. alpicola (lowland populations "P. pratensis"). i–j, P. muscorum. A–B, M_4559, Altai, Saylyugem (Russia). C–D, M_4575, Altai, Saylyugem (Russia). E–F, H_MC409, Altai, Dzhazator (Russia). G–H, M_3970, Khatgal, shore of Lake Khövsgöl Nuur (northern Mongolia). I–J, M_2523_2, Yelantsy near Lake Baikal (Russia). K–L, M_2523_1, Yelantsy near Lake Baikal (Russia). M–N, M_994, Karsdorf (Saxony Anhalt, Germany), fossil from Early Saalian. O–P, M_459, Zeuchfeld (Saxony
Figure 9 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 9. Phylogenetic tree based on ITS2. 50% majority rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis with posterior probabilities/bootstrap support values (from maximum likelihood analysis). Sample abbreviations and groups of samples are given in Tables 1 and 3.
FIGURE 3. Light microscopy. A & B in Cimaria vargasi n. gen, n. sp. (Gastropoda: Pyramidellidae: Odostomiinae) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica, Central America
FIGURE 3. Light microscopy. A & B - Cimaria vargasi. Two views of largest shell found (ZMBN 87909); 2.7 mm long. Showing the thickened outer lip in fully grown shells. C - Cimaria sp. Shell from Macau, Brazil (ZMBN 87911); 1.4 mm long.
FIGURE 2. Cimaria vargasi, scanning electron microscopy. A, D in Cimaria vargasi n. gen, n. sp. (Gastropoda: Pyramidellidae: Odostomiinae) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica, Central America
FIGURE 2. Cimaria vargasi, scanning electron microscopy. A, D - Holotype (MZUCR 8955); 2.2 × 1.3 mm. A. Whole shell in apertural view. D. Detail of sculpture. B, C - Paratype, juvenile (MZUCR 8956); 0.8 × 0.6 mm. B. Semiapertural view, showing shell scar. C. Apical view. Scale bars = 100 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Cimaria vargasi n. gen, n. sp. (Gastropoda: Pyramidellidae: Odostomiinae) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica, Central America
FIGURE 1. Map of Costa Rica, showing eastern Pacific collecting localities. A - Golfo de Nicoya with type locality. B - Golfo Dulce with Puerto Jiménez.
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OpenNeuro
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