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1,200 results for “Meta analysis”
Life stage and taxonomy the most important factors determining vertebrate stoichiometry: A meta-analysis
<p>1. Whole-body elemental composition is a key trait for determining how organisms influence their ecosystems. Using mass-balance, ecological stoichiometry predicts that animals with higher concentrations of element X will selectively retain more X and will recycle less X in their waste than animals with lower X concentrations. These animals will also store high quantities of X during their lives and after their deaths (prior to full decomposition).</p> <p>2. Vertebrates may uniquely impact nutrient cycling because they store high quantities of phosphorus (P) in their bones. However, vertebrates have diverse body forms and invest variably in bone. Current analyses of vertebrate elemental content predominately evaluate fishes, typically neglecting other vertebrates and leaving much of the diversity unexplored.</p> <p>3. We performed a systematic review and identified 179 measurements of whole-body percent phosphorus (%P), percent nitrogen (%N), and N to P ratio (N:P) from 129 unique species of non-fish vertebrates (amphibians: 39 species; reptiles: 19 species; birds: 27 species; mammals: 46 species)</p> <p>4. We found that %P (mean: 1.94%; sd (standard deviation) = 0.77) and N:P (mean: 12.52) varied with taxonomy and life stage, while %N (mean: 10.51%; sd = 3.25) varied primarily with taxonomy. Habitat, diet, and size had small and inconsistent effects in different groups.</p> <p>5. Our study highlights two research gaps. Life stage, which is frequently neglected in stoichiometric studies, is an important factor determining vertebrate %P. Furthermore, amphibians dominate our dataset, while other vertebrate taxa are poorly represented in the current literature. Further research into these neglected vertebrate taxa is essential.</p>
Divergent nitrogen and phosphorus allocation strategies in terrestrial plant leaves and fine roots: a global meta-analysis
<p><span>The quantification of the allocation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) among plant organs is essential to improve our understanding of plant growth, life-history strategies, and ecosystem nutrient and energy cycles. However, allocation strategies of N and P between terrestrial plant leaves and fine roots are unclear. </span></p> <p><span>Here, we compiled a global dataset comprising 807 terrestrial plant species to analyze the stoichiometric scaling of N and P between leaves and fine roots across species, families, plant groups, biomes, and locations. </span></p> <p><span>We found that N and P, and N:P ratios manifest different scaling exponents (α-values) between leaves and fine roots. Specifically, overall α<sub>N</sub> and α<sub>P</sub> were >1 </span><span>and </span><span><1</span><span>, respectively, and </span><span>α</span><span><sub>N</sub>:P</span><span> = 1, indicating a higher proportional increase of N to fine roots and P to leaves. However, there were differences in α<sub>N</sub>, α<sub>P</sub>, and α<sub>N:P</sub> among major species, families, plant groups, biomes, and locations. In addition, α<sub>N </sub>and α<sub>N</sub>:P increased with latitude; there was no clear trend for α<sub>P</sub>. Mean annual temperature accounted for the greatest proportion of variation in αN, whereas soil total P accounted for the greatest proportion of variation in α<sub>P</sub> and αN:P.</span></p> <p><span>Synthesis. Our results demonstrate a divergent N and P allocation strategy between leaves and fine roots in terrestrial plants. This study improves our understanding of the effects of the environment (including changes in global climate, and life history strategies) on nutrient allocation patterns between these two important plant organs.</span></p>
The impacts of tropical agriculture on biodiversity: A meta-analysis
<p><span>1. </span><span>Biodiversity underpins all food production and strengthens agricultural resilience to crop failure. However, agricultural expansion is the primary driver of biodiversity loss, particularly in the tropics where crop production is increasing and intensifying rapidly to meet a growing global food demand. It is therefore crucial to ask, how do different crops and crop production systems impact biodiversity?</span></p> <p><span>2. </span><span>We first use the FAO database of harvested crop area to explore temporal changes in crop area and intensification across the entire tropical realm. We show that the harvested area of tropical crops has more than doubled since 1961, with ever-increasing intensification. The harvested area in 2019 was 7.21 million km<sup>2</sup>, equivalent to 5.5% of global ice-free land area, or 11.5% of land area in the tropics. </span></p> <p><span>3. </span><span>Second, we conducted a meta-analysis of 194 studies and 1,364 pairwise comparisons to assess the impact of tropical agriculture on biodiversity, comparing biodiversity values in food crop sites versus natural reference habitats.</span></p> <p><span>4. O</span><span>ur meta-analysis shows that crop type, rotation time and level of shading are important determinants of biodiversity assemblages. </span><span>Perennial tropical crops that are grown in shaded plantations or agroforests (e.g., banana and coffee) support higher biodiversity, while crops cultivated in unshaded and often homogeneous croplands (e.g., maize, sugarcane, and oil palm), and particularly annual crops, have impoverished biodiversity communities. </span></p> <p><span>5. </span><span><em>Policy implications</em>:</span><span> Our findings highlight the increasing agricultural expansion and intensification over the last sixty years and </span><span>inform our understanding of how different crops and crop production systems impact biodiversity. Furthermore, they provide insight into the long-term sustainability of tropical food production and may serve as a warning sign for agricultural systems that rely on the ecosystem services provided by biodiversity.</span></p>
Management of Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Systematic Review & Component Network Meta-analysis of 455 Studies With 103,645 Cases
<p>Contains data and analysis code for <em>Management of Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Systematic Review & Meta-analysis of 455 Studies With 103,645 Cases</em>, accepted for publication in <em>Neurosurgery </em>by <em>Wolters Kluwer </em>(doi: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002144)</p> <p>For replication instructions, see the readme on the associated GitHub page: https://github.com/jckhry/csdh-cnma</p> <p> </p>
Increasing prevalence of severe fires change the structure of arthropod communities: Evidence from a meta-analysis
<p>1. Animal ecology and evolution are shaped by environmental perturbations, which are undergoing unprecedented alterations due to climate change. Fire is one such perturbation that causes significant disruption by causing mortality and altering habitats and resources for animals. Fire regimes are changing on a global scale, but the effects of these changes on animal communities are poorly understood. Arthropods are one of the most ubiquitous and diverse animal taxa on the planet and their populations are sensitive to environmental change. Given their wide-ranging impacts on ecosystem functioning, a better understanding of arthropod responses to changing fire regimes is critical and may also provide more general insights into how other groups might respond to fire.</p> <p>2. Here, we provide a comprehensive meta-analytical assessment of how fire influences the arthropod community across habitats and functional groups. Using data from 130 peer-reviewed papers across the globe, we tested how a variety of fire characteristics, including management regime, severity, and time-since-fire affect arthropod populations and communities across habitats.</p> <p>3. Our results show that arthropod communities display substantial variation in response to fire and that community-level responses are most likely to be detected within the first year. Responses also vary depending on fire characteristics and habitat. Specifically, while community metrics such as diversity were increased by low severity fires, they were reduced by high severity fires. Likewise, evenness increased after prescribed burns but was reduced after wildfire. Measures of arthropod community structure decreased following fires in deserts and forests.</p> <p>4. Across the entire arthropod community, fire also had variable effects on community diversity. Fire tended to have a negative effect size on arthropods across life stages, but responses did vary among groups. Nearly all functional groups exhibited a negative response to fire with the exception of herbivores, for which abundance, diversity, and richness increased after fire.</p> <p>5. Our results suggest that the increasing prevalence of high-severity wildfires is changing the structure of arthropod communities. Given their ubiquitous presence and diverse roles in terrestrial ecosystems, these community changes are likely to affect ecosystem functioning in various ways, including through increased herbivory.</p>
Increasing landscape complexity enhances species richness of farmland arthropods, agri-environment schemes also abundance–A meta-analysis
<p>Article dataset</p>
Appendix for the paper entitled Aerobic Threshold and Point of Maximal Fat Oxidation Agreement: Follow-up on a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Association
<p>This is an appendix with all the data as well as the R software code developed for the multilevel meta-analysis on the agreement</p>
Data and code accompanying: Predator-induced transgenerational plasticity in animals: a meta-analysis.
<p>These data and code were used to generate the publication "Predator-induced transgenerational plasticity in animals: a meta-analysis", accepted in Oecologia (Oct 2022).</p> <p>Contents:</p> <ol> <li>R code file (can be opened as txt) - all code used to generate statistical models and results</li> <li>Datafile - main datafile containing all meta-analysis data, and a metadata sheet explaining each column. See paper and associated supplementary material for more detail.</li> </ol>
Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers alter the soil chemistry, production and quality of tea. A meta-analysis
<p>This file is supplementary material for the literature which was titled with "Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers alter the soil chemistry, production and quality of tea. A meta-analysis". The details including: Table S1 Database structure: numbers of publication and observation of each variable; Table S2 Detail information of the database for this meta-analysis; Table S3 Between-group heterogeneity (<em>Q</em><sub>b</sub>) and probability (<em>P</em> value) of soil and tea variables with different experimental factors; Figure S1 Dependences of soil pH responses to soil initial pH (a) and N fertilizer addition levels (b); and Figure S2 Dependences of responses of free amino acids (a) and PP: AA ratio (b) to synthetic N addition levels. </p>
Do patients of different craniofacial patterns have different minimum cross-sectional area and cross-sectional areas of the upper airways? A systematic review with network meta-analysis
<div>Dataset for all analyses. Dataset initially made available to editor and peer-reviewers during the peer review phase. After acceptance, the dataset will be made openly available to all without any restrictions.</div>
A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis of Acoustic Measures of Prosody in Parkinson's Disease
<p>The folder contains the dataset used for this study and a file defining the titles of the dataset.</p> <div> <div> <div> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <div> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Abstinence from or Changes in Continued Cigarette Smoking Among Cigarette Smokers: Meta-Analytic RevMan Files
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
PRISMA Flowchart for the systematic review: Impact on postoperative complications of combined prehabilitation targeting co-exisiting smoking, malnutrition, obesity, alcohol drinking, and physical inactivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials
<p><strong><span>PRISMA 2020 Flow Chart.</span></strong><span> “No predefined risk factors” covers studies with relevant multimodal interventions that were excluded due to lack of predefined risky lifestyles in the population. “Only trial registration or conference abstract” covers reports of these but with no subsequent publication. SNAP: Smoking, Nutrition (overweight/obesity, malnutrition), Alcohol or Physical inactivity.</span></p>
Data from: Impacts of organic matter amendments on urban soil carbon and soil quality: A meta-analysis
<p>Organic matter amendment application is an important avenue of beneficial waste diversion and is used to improve soil quality in agricultural and urban settings. In urban regions, amendments are used to support local food production, maintain vegetation for landscaping and recreational use, and reclaim disturbed soils. Urban regions generate large quantities of wasted organic resources for potential application aiding in creating a circular nutrient economy. There is a growing interest in understanding the effects of amendments such as compost, biosolids, and biochar on soil properties in agricultural settings. Gaps remain, however, in assessing their effects in urban land uses. We conducted a literature review to assess the effects of compost, biochar, and biosolids on soil carbon and soil quality of urban soils managed for gardening, landscaping, recreation, and reclamation. Application of organic matter amendments led to an average increase of 3.6 units of soil organic matter% (SOM%). Compost and biochar improved SOM% the most, by 3.1 and 6.5 units of SOM%, respectively. Biosolids resulted in the smallest increase in SOM% but had greater nutrient benefits than other amendments. Parameters related to chemical and physical soil quality improved with the application of amendments. Gaps in the literature remain, such as assessing urban gardens, soil to depths greater than 30 cm, and the persistence of SOM in amended soils. This meta-analysis proposes that organic matter amendments are a powerful means to improve soil quality in urban regions, provide vital cobenefits to surrounding communities, and increase soil carbon storage.</p>
Data from: Pharmacoeconomic study of anti-influenza virus drugs in Japan based on a network meta-analysis
<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> An analysis was conducted in Japan to determine the most cost-effective neuraminidase inhibitor for the treatment of influenza virus infections from the healthcare payer's standpoint.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> This study reanalyzed the findings of a previous study that had some limitations (no probabilistic sensitivity analysis, quality of life scores measured by the EQ-5D-3L instead of the EQ-5D-5L, and the use of a decision tree model with only three health conditions) by using data from a network meta-analysis study. A decision tree model with eight health conditions was constructed, and costs were identified as medical costs and drug prices (the 2020 version of the Japanese medical fee index). The effectiveness outcomes were measured using EQ-5D-5L questionnaires for adult patients who had previously experienced influenza virus infections. The time horizon was 14 days. Both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of the results.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The base-case cost-effectiveness analysis revealed that oseltamivir outperformed laninamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir, making it the most cost-effective neuraminidase inhibitor. The deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed robust results that validated oseltamivir as the most cost-effective among the four neuraminidase inhibitors.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study thus reconfirmed oseltamivir's position as the most cost-effective neuraminidase inhibitor for the treatment of influenza virus infections in Japan from the standpoint of healthcare payment. These findings can help decision-makers and healthcare providers in Japan, including pharmacists, create and manage formularies.</p>
Search strings for systematic review and meta-analysis
<p>These are the search strings used in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify possible studies on the sensitivity of PAS and GMS for identifying cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infections in derrmatopathology.</p>
Real-World Evidence of Effectiveness and Safety of Pasireotide in the Treatment of Acromegaly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
<p>Dataset for the study: Real-World Evidence of Effectiveness and Safety of Pasireotide in the Treatment of Acromegaly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis </p>
Frequency of infraposition and missing contact points in implant supported restorations within natural dentitions over time: a systematic review with meta-analysis
<p>Dataset for the meta-analyses performed in this systematic review</p>
Adverse effects of chemotherapy on the teeth and surrounding tissues of children with cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis
<p>Datasets of the journal publication.</p>
Clinical Performance of Dental Implants Following Sinus Floor Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials with at Least 3 Years of Follow-u
<p>Dataset for all analyses of the paper, original Figures (contour-enhanced forest plots) that were adapted by the journal, and supplementary appendices that were cut by the journal during post-acceptance typesetting.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.