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642 results for “ornaments”
Data from: Sperm is a sexual ornament in rose bitterling
In many taxa, odour cues mediate mating decisions. A key question is what these odours comprise, where they are produced, and what they signal. Using rose bitterling, fish that spawn in the gills of freshwater mussels, we investigated the role of sperm cues on female oviposition decisions using individuals of known MHC genotype. Male bitterling frequently released sperm prior to female oviposition and females responded with an increased probability of oviposition and released a greater number of eggs, particularly if males had a dissimilar MHC genotype. These mating preferences by females were shown to be adaptive, with MHC dissimilarity of males and females correlated positively with embryo survival. These results support a role for indirect benefits to rose bitterling mate choice and we propose that sperm acts as a releaser pheromone in bitterling, functioning as a sexual ornament signalling male quality as a mate.
Data from: European ornamental garden flora as an invasion debt under climate change
1.Most naturalized and invasive alien plant species were originally introduced to regions for horticultural purposes. However, many regions now face an invasion debt from ornamental alien species, which have not yet naturalized. In this regard, climate change represents a threat as it may lower the barriers to naturalization for some ornamental alien species. Identifying those species is extremely important for anticipating impending invasions. 2.To identify predictors of naturalization, we modelled the effects of climate, nursery availability and species characteristics on the current European naturalization success of 2,073 ornamental aliens commonly planted in European gardens. We then used the resulting model together with climate projections for 2050 to forecast future naturalization risks for the 1,583 species not yet naturalized in Europe. 3.We found that non‐European naturalized range size, climatic suitability, propagule pressure, having a dioecious sexual system and plant height jointly explained current naturalization success in Europe. By 2050, naturalization probability projections increased by more than 0.1 for 41 species, and only decreased by more than 0.1 for one species. 4.Policy Implications. Using predictions based on our integrated model of alien ornamental naturalization success, we identified species with high future naturalization risk and species with high projected increases in naturalization potential in Europe under climate change. This species list allows for prioritization of monitoring and regulation of ornamental plants to mitigate the invasion debt.
Chromosome-level genome assembly, annotation and evolutionary analysis of the ornamental plant Asparagus setaceus
<p><i>Asparagus setaceus </i>is a popular ornamental plant cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions globally. In this study, a chromosome-level reference genome of <i>A. setaceus</i> was constructed to assist in studying the genome structure and evolution. A total of 112.52 Gb of long reads was produced from Nanopore platform, resulting in 156.28× depth coverage of an estimated genome size of 720 Mb. The combination of Illumina-short reads, 10× Genomics linked reads, and Hi-C data produced the final chromosome quality genome of <i>A. setaceus</i> with a genome size of 710.15 Mb, accounting for 98.63% of the estimated genome size. Furthermore, 96.85% of the sequences were anchored to 10 super-scaffolds, corresponding to the 10 chromosomes. The genome of <i>A. setaceus</i> was predicted to have 28,410 genes, and 25,649 (90.28%) of these genes were functionally annotated. Genome annotation revealed that 65.59% were repetitive sequences, of which long terminal repeats were predominant (42.51% of the whole genome). Divergence between <i>A. setaceus</i> and its close relative <i>A. officinalis</i> is estimated to have occurred ~9.66 million years ago. Genome evolution analysis indicated that <i>A. setaceus</i> underwent two rounds of whole genome duplication events. In addition, 762 specific gene families, 898 expanded gene families, 96 positively selected genes, and 76 resistance R genes in <i>A. setaceus</i> were identified and functionally annotated. These findings provided insights into the structure and evolution of the <i>A. setaceus</i> genome and will facilitate the comparative genetic and genomic research on the genus <i>Asparagus</i>.</p>
Personal ornament in transition. Final Paleolithic – Mesolithic data from the Iberian Mediterranean Region (16.5 – 7 ka cal. BP)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Nanoscale millefeuilles produce iridescent bill ornaments in birds
<p>Colours are well studied in bird plumage, however studies on colours in other integumentary structures remain scarce. In particular, iridescent colours from non-plumage structures are undescribed in birds. Here, we show that a multilayer of keratin and lipids are sufficient to produce the iridescent bill of Spermophaga haematina. Furthermore, the observation that the male bill is presented to the female under differengt angles during display, provides support for the hypothesis that iridescence evolved in response to sexual selection. Not only is this the first report on an iridescent bill, it is only the second instance of iridescence in birds in which melanosomes are not involved. These results are thus exciting, as they suggest that birds utilize an even wider array of physical phenomena to produce colouration, and should further stimulate research on non-plumage integumentary colours.</p>
FIGURE 4 in Lymania involucrata (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae), a new ornamental species from Bahia, Brazil
FIGURE 4. Holotype of Lymania involucrata Leme & E.H. Souza (HURB 25815).
Negative body size-dependent resource allocation underlies conspicuous sexual ornaments in a territorial damselfly
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Sexual ornaments, signaling individual quality to choosing females or rival males, often show steeper body size scaling compared to non-sexually selected traits. Theory posits such steeper body size scaling is the result of differential resource allocation, reflecting trade-offs between different components of fitness. Yet the process of resource allocation towards body size-dependent sexual ornaments has been rarely understood empirically. Using the Neotropical territorial damselfly <i>Megaloprepus caerulatus</i>, whose males and females carry wax-based, sex-specific white wing bands and white wing tips respectively, we investigated nutrition sensitivity and body size scaling of both traits by manipulating larval food availability and directly quantified both the fat allocated to wing ornaments and the fat reserve from which allocations are made. Both color traits exhibited sensitivity to food availability during larval development and steeper body size scaling compared to control traits. Although the absolute amount of fat invested in developing the color ornaments increased with body size, the proportion of total fat allocated to the ornaments decreased with body size, making exaggerated ornaments less affordable for smaller individuals. Our data demonstrate that knowledge of affordability of exaggeration for resource-based sexual ornament, which requires measuring the resource pool from which ornaments are derived is essential for understanding the maintenance of honesty of sexual signals. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Functional integration of multiple sexual ornaments: signal coherence and sexual selection
<p><span>The sexual ornamentation of animals typically consists of multiple distinct traits. The classical research approach focuses on differences among these traits, but this approach may often be misleading because of correlations among distinct sexual traits of similar origins. There are many published studies on the correlation structures of sexual traits, but the way receivers take into account the components of an integrated, multi-component trait system remains mostly unknown. Here we propose a general analytical framework to assess the possible sexual selection consequences of within-individual coherence in the expression of multiple correlated sexual traits. We then apply this framework to a long-term mutual plumage coloration data set from a wild bird population. The results suggest that the coherence of component plumage color traits is not sexually selected. However, component trait coherence affects sexual selection on integrated plumage color. When assessing across-spectrum plumage reflectance, receivers choosing mates apparently disregard a component trait if it is inconsistent with the overall expression of other components. This indicates that separately examining and manipulating distinct sexual traits may often be misleading. Theoretical and empirical studies should further explore the effects of coherence on the ornament-preference</span><span> co-evolution.</span></p>
FIGURE 2 in Hohenbergia amargosensis (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae), a new ornamental species from Bahia, Brazil
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Hohenbergia amargosensis E.H. Souza & Leme (HURB 26388).
fig. 13 in Any colour you like: new records of ornamental livebearers (Poeciliidae: Cyprinodontiformes) from freshwaters of Argentina.
fig. 13 Xiphophorus hellerii 'red tuxedo', adult male from lot CI-FML 7807.
fig. 18 in Any colour you like: new records of ornamental livebearers (Poeciliidae: Cyprinodontiformes) from freshwaters of Argentina.
fig. 18 Males of Poecilia reticulata from lot CI-FML 7808.
figs. 16, 17 in Any colour you like: new records of ornamental livebearers (Poeciliidae: Cyprinodontiformes) from freshwaters of Argentina.
figs. 16, 17 Males (left) and pair (right) of Poecilia reticulata from Tucumán.
Fig. 2 in Embryonic development of the ornamental shrimp, Urocaridella arabianensis Akash et al., 2020
Fig. 2 — Mean embryonic volume at different developmental stages (incubation period) of U. arabianensis (n = 7; mean±SD), (ANOVA; F = 177; p <0.0001)
figs. 6, 7 in Any colour you like: new records of ornamental livebearers (Poeciliidae: Cyprinodontiformes) from freshwaters of Argentina.
figs. 6, 7 Phenotypes of introduced Xiphophorus hellerii from Indonesia (left) and Morocco (above).
Figure 6 from: Sampaio FDF, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA (2019) Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. Zoologia 36: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083
Figure 6 Transport water volume (ml) per gram of fish weight versus total body length (cm). Black circles, fish that were alive at the end of the experiment; white circles, fish that died during the experiment. Vertical and horizontal dashed lines respectively indicate maximum suggested length for the transport of A.saxatilis (6 cm) to ensure survival, and maximum water volume/fish weight relationship (125 ml/g fish) to minimize transport costs.
Figures 4-5 from: Sampaio FDF, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA (2019) Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. Zoologia 36: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083
Figures 4-5 Relationship between weight (g) and total length (cm) of A.saxatilis: (4) weight (g) as a function of the total length (cm) of the fish. Black circles, fish that were alive at the end of the experiment (n = 53); white circles, fish that died during the experiment (n = 14). (5) Weight/length ratio versus fish length, with separate linear regressions for living (solid line) and dead (dashed line) fish, and respective r2 values.
Figures 7-8 from: Sampaio FDF, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA (2019) Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. Zoologia 36: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083
Figures 7-8 3-D mesh plots showing the relationship among the 3 water parameters, whole set of data. NH3-N (mg/L) versus DO(mg/L) versus pH, for live (7) and dead (8) fish. Legend illustrates color codes for pH interpolation.
Figures 1-3 from: Sampaio FDF, Silva-de-Assis HC, Bettim FL, Fávaro LF, Freire CA (2019) Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations. Zoologia 36: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e25083
Figures 1-3 Time course of variation of water parameters for living and dead A.saxatilis: (1) water dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L), (2) total ammonia-N (NH3-N, mg/L) and (3) pH versus time (h). Values shown are means ± SEMs. When not apparent, SEM is smaller than the symbol. This happened for the water of the reference fish, ammonia and pH. Black circles: fish that were alive at the end of the experiment; white circles: fish that died during the experiment. *: water parameter for dead fish is different from that of live fish.
Supplementary material 3 from: Petřík P, Sádlo J, Hejda M, Štajerová K, Pyšek P, Pergl J (2019) Composition patterns of ornamental flora in the Czech Republic. NeoBiota 52: 87-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.52.39260
: Data type: statistical data
Supplementary material 2 from: Petřík P, Sádlo J, Hejda M, Štajerová K, Pyšek P, Pergl J (2019) Composition patterns of ornamental flora in the Czech Republic. NeoBiota 52: 87-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.52.39260
: Data type: measurement
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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