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Figure 3 in Phylogenetic position of Gorgoderina parvicava Travassos, 1922 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), a parasite of Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Brazil
Figure 3. Maximum Likelihood topology based on partial 28S ribosomal DNA sequences of gorgoderid trematodes. GenBank accession numbers are indicated next to species names. Numbers above nodes represent supported nodes by posterior probabilities for Bayesian Bayesian inference and bootstrap for maximum likelihood analyses respectively (posterior probabilities> 0.90 and bootstrap scores> 70). Branch length scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per site.
Figure 4 in Phylogenetic position of Gorgoderina parvicava Travassos, 1922 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), a parasite of Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Brazil
Figure 4. Maximum Likelihood topology based on COI sequences of Gorgoderina, showing the phylogenetic position of the adults of Gorgoderina parvicava from Carandá Farm, municipality of Araraquara, São Paulo State, Brazil. Numbers above nodes represent supported nodes by posterior probabilities for Bayesian Bayesian inference and bootstrap for maximum likelihood analyses respectively (posterior probabilities> 0.90 and bootstrap scores> 70). Branch length scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per site.
Figure 1. Gorgoderina parvicava Travassos, 1922 in Phylogenetic position of Gorgoderina parvicava Travassos, 1922 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), a parasite of Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Brazil
Figure 1. Gorgoderina parvicava Travassos, 1922 (Gorgoderidae) parasite ofLeptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824) (Leptodactylidae) from Carandá Farm, municipality of Araraquara, São Paulo state, Brazil. Ventral view.
Figure 1 in Horismenus cupreus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) parasitizing Bedellia somnulentella (Lepidoptera: Bedelliidae) in Ipomoea batatas
Figure 1. Horismenus cupreus (Ashmead, 1894) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) parasitoid of Bedellia somnulentella Zeller, 1847 (Lepidoptera: Bedelliidae) pupae.
Figure 2 in Occurrence of ticks and tick-borne mixed parasitic microbiota in cross-bred cattle in District Lahore, Pakistan
Figure 2. RLB specific primer PCR detection of DNA in cross-bred Cattle (Friesian x Sahiwal). L1 100bp ladder. L2 & L3 negative control, L4 PCR positive control. L6, L8, L9, L11, L12, L13, L15, L16, L17, L18, L19 positive for protozoan specific to primers.
Figure 1 in First record of Cosmocerca podicipinus (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) parasitizing Leptodeira annulata (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in northeastern Brazil
Figure 1. Cosmocerca podicipinus Baker and Vaucher, 1984 parasite of Leptodeira annulata (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Sete Cidades National Park, municipality of Piripiri, state of Piauí, Brazil. A - anterior region of the female showing esophagus (ES), bulb (B), lateral view. B - posterior region of the female with the anus (AN) opening in subventral view. C - Female with detail of the vulva (VU) opening, lateral view. D - male in toto, lateral view. E - Tail of the male showing spicules (white arrows), gubernaculum (black arrow), lateral view. F - detail of the male's caudal papillae, showing five pairs of plectanas (white arrows) precloacal and three pairs of rosettes papillae "barrel" shaped (black arrows), lateral view.
Are urbanization and brood parasitism associated with differences in telomere lengths in song sparrows?
<p>Urbanization reflects a major form of environmental change impacting wild birds globally. Whereas urban habitats may provide increased availability of water, some food items, and reduced predation levels compared to rural, they can also present novel stressors including increased light at night, ambient noise, and reduced nutrient availability. Urbanization can also alter levels of brood parasitism, with some host species experiencing elevated levels of brood parasitism in urban areas compared to rural areas. Though the demographic and behavioral consequences of urbanization and brood parasitism have received considerable attention, their consequences for cellular-level processes are less understood. Telomeres provide an opportunity to understand the cellular consequences of different environments as they are a well-established metric of biological state that can be associated with residual lifespan, disease risk, and behaviour, and are known to be sensitive to environmental conditions. Here we examine the relationships between urbanization, brood parasitism, and blood telomere lengths in adult and nestling song sparrows (Melospiza melodia). Song sparrows are a North American songbird found in both urban and rural habitats that experience high rates of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the urban, but not the rural, sites in our study system. Among adults and nestlings from non-parasitized nests, we found no differences in relative telomere lengths between urban and rural habitats. However, among urban nestlings, the presence of a brood parasite in the nest was associated with significantly shorter relative telomere lengths compared to when a brood parasite was absent. Our results suggest a novel, indirect, impact of urbanization on nestling songbirds through the physiological impacts of brood parasitism.</p>
Data and code to reproduce: Host and parasite intervality in differentially human-modified habitats
<p>Data and code in:</p> <p>Llopis-Belenguer, Feijen, Morand, Chaisiri, Ribas and Jokela (2024) Host and parasite intervality in differentially human-modified habitats. Oikos. DOI: 10.1111/oik.10446</p>
Fig. 2 Parasite abundance and distribution statistics. A in Hardly Venus's servant-morphological adaptations of Veneriserva to an endoparasitic lifestyle and its phylogenetic position within Dorvilleidae (Annelida)
Fig. 2 Parasite abundance and distribution statistics. A total of 58 Aphrodita longipalpa were dissected and examined for parasite presence. The upper horizontal bars graphically depict the proportional parasitism rates and the corresponding distribution among male, female, and juvenile parasites, along with various cohabitation configurations. The box plots show the relationship between host size and the occurrence of parasites, presented collectively and then individually for female, male, and juvenile parasites
Fig. 4 in First report of Hexamermis sp. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitizing Eurygaster maura (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) in an overwintering area
Fig. 4. Tail of female (A), anterior portion of female (B), and vulva of Hexamermis sp. (C) (scale bar: A, 78 µm; B, 32 µm; C, 89 µm).
Fig. 3 in First report of Hexamermis sp. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitizing Eurygaster maura (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) in an overwintering area
Fig. 3. Tail appendage (A), anterior portion of female (B), and posterior end of molting female of post-parasitic juvenile Hexamermis sp. (C) (scale bar: A, 42 µm; B, 43 µm; C, 58 µm).
Fig. 1 in First report of Hexamermis sp. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitizing Eurygaster maura (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) in an overwintering area
Fig. 1. Post-parasitic juvenile Hexamermis sp. in the body cavity (A) and emerging from the cervix of Eurygaster maura (B) (scale bar: 2.1 mm).
Fig. 2 in Natural parasitism of the citrus leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) over eight years in seven citrus regions of São Paulo, Brazil
Fig. 2. Annual parasitism of Phyllocnistis citrella by Ageniaspis citricola in São Paulo orange groves (n = samplings).
Fig. 2 in Parasitism and emergence of Tetrastichus howardi (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) larvae, pupae and adults
Fig. 2. Larvae, pupae and adults of Tetrastichus howardi (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in pupae of Diatraea saccharalis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (A, B, C); D. saccharalis adult parasitized by T. howardi (D).
Fig. 1. A in Effect of host decoys on the ability of the parasitoids Muscidifurax raptor and Spalangia cameroni (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to parasitize house fly (Diptera: Muscidae) puparia
Fig. 1. A set of 1,000 live house fly puparia and an equal volume (33 cm3) of the acrylic beads used in the assays to illustrate the general appearance of the bead decoys.
Fig. 3. First parasitic generation emerging Fig. 4. Juveniles migration from a in Development of Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) in larvae of Chaetonyx robustus (Coleoptera: Orphnidae)
Fig. 3. First parasitic generation emerging Fig. 4. Juveniles migration from a host. from host. Scale bar: 1 mm. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figures 1–2. 1 in Sclerodermus alternatusi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a new species from China, parasitizing Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Figures 1–2. 1. Authors are peeling bark of infested pine tree by Monochamus alternatus to investigate the parasitoids in the Wildlife Park forest, suburbs of Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 3.VI.2010; 2. Larvae and a female adult of Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov. parasitizing on the larva of Monochamus alternatus found in one of the cerambycid gallery.
Figures 16–24. 16 in Sclerodermus alternatusi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a new species from China, parasitizing Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Figures 16–24. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view.
Figures 11–15 in Sclerodermus alternatusi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a new species from China, parasitizing Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Figures 11–15. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1).
Figures 3–10 in Sclerodermus alternatusi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a new species from China, parasitizing Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Figures 3–10. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.