Find research datasets worth reusing

Mere presence of co-eater automatically shifts foraging tactics toward "fast and easy" food in humans

Competition for food resources is widespread in nature. The foraging behavior of social animals should thus be adapted to potential food competition. We hypothesized that in the presence of co-foragers, animals would shift their tactics to forage more frequently for smaller food. Because smaller foods are more abundant in nature and allow faster consumption, such tactics should allow animals to consume food more securely against scrounging. We tested whether humans would exhibit such a shift. To prevent subjects from having rivalry, they were instructed to engage in a "taste test" in a laboratory, alone or in pairs. Even though the other subject was merely present and there was no real competition for food, subjects in pairs immediately exhibited a systematic behavioral shift to reaching for smaller food amounts more frequently, which was clearly distinct from their reaching patterns both when eating alone and when simply weighing the same food without eating any. These patterns suggest that behavioral shifts in the presence of others may be built-in tactics in gregarious animals to adapt to potential food competition in social foraging.

Data from: Six co-occurring conifer species in northern Idaho exhibit a continuum of hydraulic strategies during an extreme drought year

As growing seasons in the northwestern USA lengthen, on track with climate predictions, the mixed conifer forests that dominate this region will experience extended seasonal drought conditions. The year of 2015, which had the most extreme drought for the area on record, offered a potential analog of future conditions. During this period, we measured the daily courses of water potential and gas exchange as well as the hydraulic conductivity and vulnerability to embolism of six dominant native conifer species, Abies grandis, Larix occidentalis, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus monticola, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Thuja occidentalis, to determine their responses to 5 months of record low precipitation. The deep ash-capped soils of the region allowed gas exchange to continue without significant evidence of water stress for almost two months after the last rainfall event. Midday water potentials never fell below -2.2 MPa in the evergreen species and -2.7 MPa in the one deciduous species. Branch xylem was resistant to embolism, with P50 values ranging from -3.3 to -7.0 MPa. Root xylem, however, was more vulnerable, with P50 values from -1.3 to -4.6 MPa. With predawn water potentials as low as -1.3 MPa, the two Pinus species likely experienced declines in root hydraulic conductivity. Stomatal conductance of all six species was significantly responsive to vapor pressure only in the dry months (August-October), with no response evident in the wet months (June-July). While there were similarities among species, they exhibited a continuum of isohydry and safety margins. Despite the severity of this drought, all species were able to continue photosynthesis until mid-October, likely due to the mediating effects of the meter-deep, ash-capped silty-loam soils with large water storage capacity. Areas with these soil types, which are characteristic of much of the Northwest USA, could serve as refugia under drier and warmer future conditions.

Integrating floral trait and flowering time distribution patterns help reveal a more dynamic nature of co-flowering community assembly processes

Species' floral traits and flowering times are known to be the major drivers of pollinator-mediated plant-plant interactions in diverse co-flowering communities. However, their simultaneous role in mediating plant community assembly and plant-pollinator interactions is still poorly understood. Since not all species flower at the same time, inference of facilitative and competitive interactions based on floral trait distribution patterns should account for fine phenological structure (intensity of flowering overlap) within co-flowering communities. Such an approach may also help reveal the simultaneous action of competitive and facilitative interactions in structuring co-flowering communities. Here we used modularity within a co-flowering network context, as a novel approach to detect convergent and/or over-dispersed patterns in floral trait distribution and pollinator sharing. Specifically, we evaluate differences in floral trait and pollinator distribution patterns within (high temporal flowering overlap) and among co-flowering modules (low temporal flowering overlap). We further evaluate the consistency of observed floral trait and pollinator sharing distribution patterns across space (three geographic regions) and time (dry and rainy seasons). We found that floral trait similarity was significantly higher in plant species within co-flowering modules than in species among them. This suggests pollinator facilitation may lead to floral trait convergence, but only within co-flowering modules. However, our results also revealed seasonal and spatial shifts in the underlying interactions (facilitation or competition) driving co-flowering assembly, suggesting that the prevalent dominant interactions are not static. Synthesis: Overall, we provide strong evidence showing that the use of flowering time and floral trait distribution alone may be insufficient to fully uncover the role of pollinator-mediated interactions in community assembly. Integrating this information along with patterns of pollinator sharing will greatly help reveal the simultaneous action of facilitative and competitive pollinator-mediated interactions in co-flowering communities. The spatial and temporal variation in flowering and trait distribution patterns observed further emphasize the importance of adopting a more dynamic view of community assembly processes.

Trade-offs between seed size and biotic interactions contribute to coexistence of co-occurring species that vary in fecundity

Despite theoretical advances, the ecological factors and functional traits that enable species varying in seed size and fecundity to coexist remain unclear. Given inherent fecundity advantages, why don't small-seeded species dominate communities? In perennial grasslands, we evaluated whether small-seeded species are less tolerant of competition from the community dominant bunchgrass than large-seeded species but also less vulnerable to seed predation by mice. We also explored whether trade-offs involving competitive tolerance include two other functional traits, height and leaf mass per area (LMA). We added seeds of 17 forb species to plots where bunchgrass competition and rodent seed predation were manipulated across sites varying in bunchgrass productivity and thus competitive intensity. Seeds were added at densities mimicking interspecific variation in fecundity among target species. Standardizing for differences in fecundity (i.e. seed input; which enabled us to evaluate inherent interspecific differences in susceptibility to biotic interactions), bunchgrass competition more greatly reduced recruitment and establishment of small vs. large-seeded species, whereas rodent seed predation more greatly reduced the recruitment of large- versus small-seeded species. Plant height and LMA were unrelated to the competition effect size. Small-seeded species abundance decreased across sites increasing in bunchgrass productivity, whereas this was not the case for large-seeded species. For adult plants but not seedlings, community weighted functional trait means (CWM) for seed size, height, and LMA increased in plots with versus without bunchgrass competition and the CWM for seed size and height also increased at sites with greater bunchgrass productivity (for adults only). In contrast, rodent seed predation had no significant effects on CWM seed size. At the end of the experiment, adult abundance positively correlated with plant fecundity in plots lacking bunchgrass, indicating the inherent advantages accrued to high fecundity small-seeded species. However, with bunchgrass competition, abundances were equalized across species due to reduced competitive tolerance of high fecundity small-seeded species. Synthesis: Our results suggest that coexistence among subordinate forb species varying in seed size and fecundity is in-part due to a trade-off involving competitive tolerance and fecundity, mediated by seed size and associated functional traits.

opencc-zeroSep 2020View details →

Epigenetic Profiling of Social Communication Trajectories and Co-occurring Mental Health Problems: A Prospective, Methylome-wide Association Study

While previous studies suggest that both genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the development of autism-related traits, little is known about potential biological mechanisms underlying these associations. Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), we examined prospective associations between DNA methylation (DNAm: N-birth=804, N-age7=877) and trajectories of social communication deficits (8-17 years). Methylomic variation at three loci across the genome (false discovery rate=0.048) differentiated children following high (n=80) versus low (n=724) trajectories of social communication deficits. This differential DNAm was specific to the neonatal period and not observed at age 7. Associations between DNAm and trajectory membership remained robust after controlling for co-occurring mental health problems (i.e., hyperactivity/inattention, conduct problems). The three loci identified at birth were not replicated in the Generation R Study. However, to the best of our knowledge, ALSPAC is the only study to date that is prospective enough to examine DNAm in relation to longitudinal trajectories of social communication deficits from late childhood to late adolescence. Although the present findings might point to potentially novel sites that differentiate between a high versus low trajectory of social communication deficits, the results should be considered tentative until further replicated. This dataset contains summary statistics for the methylome-wide association study using DNAm data collected from individuals at birth. Upload of this dataset was completed by The EWAS Catalog team. The data can be queried along with hundreds of other EWAS at ewascatalog.org. To upload your EWAS summary statistics and have a zenodo DOI generated for you go to ewascatalog.org/upload

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2020View details →

Co- and Post-seismic Crustal Deformation Associated with the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence Revealed by PALSAR-2 Pixel Tracking and InSAR

This archive includes the dataset for the co- and post-seismic displacements associated with the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake in Japan detected by ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 data. All files are formatted as the MATLAB format. ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 level 1.1 data in this study were provided from the PIXEL (PALSAR Interferometry Consortium to Study our Evolving Land Surface) under a cooperative research contract with the Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo. The ownership of ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 level 1.1 data belongs to JAXA.   coseismic_datav1.mat contains the original PALSAR-2 pixel tracking data and 3D displacement components. You can display 3D displacement field using "display_3Ddisp.m". coseismc_flocv1.mat contains the isolated displacement discontinuities in the observation data. postseismic_asc_v1.mat contains the PALSAR-2 original InSAR data in the ascending orbit. postseismic_dsc_v1.mat contains the PALSAT-2 original InSAR data in the descending orbit. script_acrossp_p.m generates the profiles of post-seismic displacement profile across the profile. script_alongp_c.m generates the profiles of co-seismic displacement along the fault. script_alongp_p.m generates the profiles of post-seismic displacement along the fault. script_quasi_def.m generates the quasi-eastwest and the quasi-vertical displacement fields. script_ts.m generates the time-series of line-of-sight change using the sequence of InSAR data. - display_3Ddisp.m displays 3D displacement fields using "coseismic_datav1.m". coseis_Fdisp.mat contains data for along-fault displacement. (Lon, Lat, vertical, stv_vertical, horizontal_alongfault, stv_horizontal_alongfault, and topography) display_coseis_alongdisp.m generates figures for the along-fault displacement distribution using "coseis_Fdisp.mat".

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

CO as a Substrate and Inhibitor of H+ Reduction for Mo-, V-, and Fe-Nitrogenase Isozymes

Alignment of α subunits of nitrogenase isozymes. Shown is an alignment of α subunits of Mo-nitrogenase (PDB ID: 3U7Q), V-nitrogenase (PDB ID: 5N6Y), and Fe-nitrogenase (sequence threaded on to V-nitrogenase PDB ID: 5N6Y using Swiss-Model) highlighting amino acid residues in the cofactor environment. The starting perspective is looking down on the Fe2, 3, 6, 7 face of FeMoco and FeVco. S is in yellow, Fe in orange, Mo in magenta, and V in pink with the homocitrate to the right in grey. Side chains that are 100% conserved among the isozymes are shown in green, whereas side chains where there is variation in the residue in at least one isozyme are shown in red. The residue numbering refers to Mo-nitrogenase. ChimeraX version 1.0 file.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2020View details →

ALD growth of ultra-thin Co layers on the topological insulator Sb2Te3 (data)

This dataset contains the raw data connected to all figures included in the "ALD growth of ultra-thin Co layers on the topological insulator Sb2Te3" by E. Lango et at., Nano Research 13, 570 (2020): <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12274-020-2657-4">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12274-020-2657-4</a>

opencc-zeroSep 2020View details →

Seasonality and interspecific competition shape individual niche variation in co-occurring tetra fish in Neotropical streams

The drivers of intraspecific niche variation and its effects on species interactions are still unclear, especially in species-rich Neotropical environments. Here, we investigated how ecological opportunity and interspecific competition affect the degree of individual trophic specialization and the population niche breadth in tetra fish. We studied the four ecologically similar species (Psalidodon aff. gymnodontus, P. aff. paranae, P. bifasciatus, and Bryconamericus ikaa) in subtropical headwater streams (three sites with two co-occurring species and three sites with only one species). We sampled fish in two contrasting seasons (winter/dry and summer/wet), and quantified their trophic niches using gut content analysis. Psalidodon bifasciatus was the only species distributed over all the sampled streams. We observed seasonal differences in population trophic niche breadth of P. bifasciatus just when this species co-occurred with P. aff. gymnodontus. These findings confirm the complex nature of the effects of interspecific competition, depending, for instance, on the identity of the competitor. The degree of individual specialization of P. bifasciatus was higher in the winter, and it was not influenced by the presence of another species. Conversely, the other two Psalidodon species studied presented greater individual specialization in the summer, when fish consumed a higher proportion of allochthonous items (terrestrial insects and seeds), and there were no effects only for B. ikaa. Herein, our results suggest that seasonality in food-resource availability is a major driver of niche variation and it has the potential to play an important role in how these similar tetra species interact and coexist.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

Data for the paper "An Inversion Algorithm for Deriving Shallow Structure using Co-located Wind, Pressure, and Seismic Data"

Wind, pressure, and seismic data used in the paper "An Inversion Algorithm for Deriving Shallow Structure using Co-located Wind, Pressure, and Seismic Data"

opencc-zeroOct 2020View details →

Opportunities and challenges in achieving co-management in marine protected areas in East Africa: a comparative case study

As marine ecosystems decline globally, scientists recommend increasing the coverage of marine protected areas (MPAs), but many are not effectively managed to deliver benefits. Community integration into MPA decision-making can increase management effectiveness by supporting behaviour change, but this poses implementation challenges. We examine differences in adaptive capacity, community engagement, and perceived MPA benefits using interviews and focal group meetings with two fishing communities from MPAs with different management strategies and geographic settings: a centrally managed MPA in Kenya and a co-managed MPA in Tanzania. We hypothesized that perceptions of MPA benefits and MPA support would be higher among fishers and fish vendors in the more collaboratively designed system in Tanzania, and supported by greater adaptive capacity. Indeed, far fewer Kenyan participants (37%) felt they benefited from the MPA compared to Tanzanian participants (95%). However, agency and trust were largely similar and challenges existed in both systems that reduced collaborative action including low interaction/communication between staff and community, internal leadership challenges, and social conflict. We identified pathways towards improved co-management that transcend systems: institutional prioritization of community integration, investment in community leadership, mapping social networks during MPA establishment, and adequate staffing and operational budgets.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2020View details →

Pilot implementation, monitoring, co-evaluation and validation data_v1

These data have been collected in the context of monitoring and assessing the pilot operation of the INVITE project (H2020 GA 763651) and its OI2lab platform during their 1st deployment round.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2020View details →

Pupillary responses obey Emmert's law and co-vary with autistic traits

This dataset is reported in the manuscript published in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

DFT Calculated xyz and log Files in Support of "Reaction Mechanism of Pd-catalyzed "CO-free" Carbonylation Reaction Uncovered by In situ Spectroscopy: The Formyl Mechanism"

Theoretically calculated xyz and log files for hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, methanol, methyl formate, butene, methyl pentanoate and multiple Pd-dtbpx complexes (dtbpx = 1,2-Bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)xylene) which catalyze the addition of HCOOMe/CO onto butene to form methyl pentanoate. All quantum chemical simulations were performed using the Gaussian16 software. The ground state equilibrium structures and electronic properties were obtained at the density functional (DFT) level of theory utilizing the B3LYP XC functional.The def2-SVP basis set as well as the respective core potentials were applied for all atoms. A subsequent vibrational analysis was carried out for each optimized ground state structure to verify that a minimum on the potential energy (hyper‑)surface (PES) was obtained. All calculations were performed including D3 dispersion correction with Becke-Johnson damping. An analogous computational setup was applied for the optimization of transition states (TSs), while an initial guess in the vicinity of the saddle point was at first obtained via the Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) method as implemented in pysisyphus with xtb. Thereafter, the TSs were obtained in Gaussian16 via the Berny algorithm, followed by a vibrational analysis to verify that a first-order saddle point on the PES was obtained.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2020View details →

Atom probe characterisation of segregation driven Cu and Mn–Ni–Si co-precipitation in neutron irradiated T91 tempered-martensitic steel - data

Data for 'Atom probe characterisation of segregation driven Cu and Mn–Ni–Si co-precipitation in neutron irradiated T91 tempered-martensitic steel' paper (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100946">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100946</a>)

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2020View details →

Co-seismic and post-seismic differential Interferograms and displacement maps for the 2020 M6.5 Monte Cristo Range, Nevada earthquake

Differential interferograms for the Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo, Nevada earthquake, processed with SNAP and CNR-IREA P-SBAS in the <a href="https://geohazards-tep.eu">Geohazards Exploitation Platform</a>. USGS event page for the Monte Cristo earthquake: <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nn00725272/">https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nn00725272/</a> Co-seismic and post-seismic (May 16 - May 23) interferograms are included. For each interferometric pair, three products are included: coherence, phase interferogram and unwrapped interferogram (LOS displacement). Decomposition.zip files includes the processed East-West and Vertical deformation maps from combining ascending and descending interferograms.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2020View details →

Systematic reanalysis of co-fractionation mass spectrometry data: predicted interactomes

This upload contains predicted interactomes for 27 species or clades: 17 individual organisms with at least three published CF-MS experiments, and 9 phylogenetic groupings of those organisms.  The following individual organisms are represented: <ul> <li>Arabidopsis thaliana</li> <li>Brassica oleracea</li> <li>Caenorhabditis elegans</li> <li>Chaetomium thermophilum</li> <li>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</li> <li>Dictyostelium discoideum</li> <li>Drosophila melanogaster</li> <li>Nematostella vectensis</li> <li>Homo sapiens</li> <li>Mus musculus</li> <li>Oryza sativa</li> <li>Plasmodium berghei</li> <li>Plasmodium falciparum</li> <li>Plasmodium knowlesi</li> <li>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</li> <li>Triticum aestivum</li> <li>Trypanosoma brucei</li> <li>Xenopus laevis</li> </ul> The following clades are also represented: <ul> <li>BOP clade</li> <li>Deuterostomia</li> <li>Eucharontoglires</li> <li>Eukaryota</li> <li>Mesangiospermae</li> <li>Opiskothonta</li> <li>Plasmodium</li> <li>Tetrapoda</li> <li>Viridaplantae</li> </ul> The interactomes are provided in two forms. Files in the 'All interactions' directory include the complete classifier scores for every possible protein pair (sorted in descending order). Files in the '50% precision' directory include only those interactions identified above 50% precision, for convenience.  Proteins were mapped to orthogroups using eggNOG. Maps from eggNOG orthogroups to UniProt accessions are available from https://github.com/skinnider/CF-MS-analysis/tree/master/data/resources/eggNOG. The phylogenetic tree used to group species into clades is also available from https://github.com/skinnider/CF-MS-analysis/tree/master/data/resources/TimeTree/species.nwk. The third and final directory, 'Human', contains the consensus CF-MS human interactome, in which proteins were merged across 46 human experiments by their gene names, rather than based on eggNOG orthogroups. The directory contains both complete classifier scores (file 'classifier-scores.tsv.gz') and the consensus CF-MS interactome, at 50% precision (file 'CF-MS-interactome.tsv').

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Castlebanny Wind Farm, Co' Kilkenny: Gittings Nagle Meade bird survey datasets

Bird survey datasets from surveys carried out by the Gittings Nagle Meade (GNM) survey team for the Castlebanny Wind Farm, Co. Kilkenny, Ireland, 2016-2018. For further details about these surveys see: Gittings, T. (2020b). Castlebanny Wind Farm, Co. Kilkenny: Ornithological Desk Review and Survey Report. Included as Appendix 1 of the Ornithology chapter in the Castlebanny Wind Farm Environmental Impact Assessment Report.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Characterizing morphological (co)variation using structural equation models: body size, allometric relationships and evolvability in a house sparrow metapopulation

Body size plays a key role in the ecology and evolution of all organisms. Therefore, quantifying the sources of morphological (co)variation, dependent and independent of body size, is of key importance when trying to understand and predict responses to selection. We combine structural equation modeling with quantitative genetics analyses to study morphological (co)variation in a meta-population of house sparrows (Passer domesticus). As expected, we found evidence of a latent variable 'body size', causing genetic and environmental covariation between morphological traits. Estimates of conditional evolvability show that allometric relationships constrain the independent evolution of house sparrow morphology. We also found spatial differences in general body size and its allometric relationships. On islands where birds are more dispersive and mobile, individuals were smaller and had proportionally longer wings for their body size. While in islands where sparrows are more sedentary and nest in dense colonies, individuals were larger and had proportionally longer tarsi for their body size. We corroborated these results using simulations and show that our analyses produce unbiased allometric slope estimates. This study highlights that in the short term allometric relationships may constrain phenotypic evolution, but that in the long term selection pressures can also shape allometric relationships.