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617 results for “Climate models”
"Shifts in Phytoplankton Composition and Stepwise Climate Change during the Middle Miocene" - Age-depth models and calcareous nannofossil census data
<p>This is a data supplement to the paper "Shifts in Phytoplankton Composition and Stepwise Climate Change during the Middle Miocene" (Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology).</p> <p><strong>Data Set S1</strong>. Age-depth models.</p> <p>This data set includes the file SI_Tables S2-S5_Henderiks_etal.xlsx containing raw age-depth tie point compilations for each site and sample age estimates, as well as the final, site-specific input files and output (age assignments) from the <em>Undatable </em>Matlab software Version 1.1 (Lougheed and Obrochta, 2019; https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003457). The age-depth models presented in this study can be reproduced by running the age-depth model input files in the <em>Undatable</em> graphical user interface (GUI), whereby the necessary settings for the specific number of Monte Carlo iterations, xfactor and bootstrapping are contained in the header of the input files. Note that input and output files are grouped in two zipped folders: a cm- and meter-depth scale version (the latter decreases computing time and produced the age-depth plots shown in Figures S1 and S2 of the paper).</p> <p><strong>Data Set S2</strong>. Calcareous nannofossil census data.</p> <p>The file SI_ds02_Henderiks_etal.xlsx consists of two separate data sheets:<br> 1. Middle Miocene nannofossil abundance estimates (N/g) and genus-level census counts (%, ±95% CI) at 5 different Atlantic deep-sea sites (Sites 982, 608, 925, 926 and 1264).<br> 2. Middle Miocene census counts (%, ±95% CI) of <em>Coccolithus</em> and <em>Reticulofenestra</em> morphospecies and size categories for Sites 982, 608, 925 and 926.</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Datta A, Schweiger O, Kühn I (2020) Origin of climatic data can determine the transferability of species distribution models. NeoBiota 59: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.59.36299
Multimodel inference table
Supplementary material 3 from: Datta A, Schweiger O, Kühn I (2020) Origin of climatic data can determine the transferability of species distribution models. NeoBiota 59: 61-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.59.36299
R codes
Bias Corrected Climate Projections from CMIP6 Models for South Asia
<p>Bias-corrected data of precipitation, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature are developed for six countries in South Asia. Each zipped country file contains 13 models, and each model includes five scenarios (historical, ssp126, ssp245, ssp370, and ssp585). Inside a scenario folder, a file named PrecipData can be read as the first three columns from the 3rd row contain year month and day numbers. 1st two rows from the 3rd column represent the longitude and latitude.</p> <p>Separate ObservedData.zip file contains daily observed precipitation (mm), maximum temperature (deg C), and minimum temperature (deg C) data in each grid file.</p>
Model results for Economic Shock In a Climate Scenario
<p>Files include simulated surface temperature, aerosol optical depth and sea level pressure in the baseline experiment and the three sensitivity simulations, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration under different RCP scenarios from 2000 to 2100 (from the prescribed CO2 concentration of different scenarios in CESM1.2), altered aerosols and aerosol-precursors emission inventory and altered carbon dioxide concentration (<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/69107766-aecf-45a9-a7dc-079b418dbe5a/ghg_rcp85_1765-2500_c100203_phase1.nc">ghg_rcp85_1765-2500_c100203_phase1.nc</a> and <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/69107766-aecf-45a9-a7dc-079b418dbe5a/ghg_rcp85_1765-2500_c100203_phase1.nc">ghg_rcp85_1765-2500_c100203_phase2.nc</a>, phase1 and phase2 mean that the data is for 2020-2021 and 2022-2050, respectively). </p>
Urbanization mediates the effects of water quality and climate on a model aerial insectivorous bird
<p>Aerial insectivorous birds have experienced alarming population declines in eastern North America. Meanwhile, urbanization continues to increase rapidly, with urban land use comprising 69.4 million acres, or 3.6% of total land area, in the contiguous United States. Multiple environmental changes are associated with urbanization, including alterations to local climate, changes in habitat structure, and potential shifts in both terrestrial and emergent aquatic flying insects on which aerial insectivorous birds rely. Here, we investigated the linkages between urbanization, water quality, and Tree Swallow (<i>Tachycineta bicolor</i>) reproductive success and body condition at seven river-riparian sites representing urban and protected land use in Columbus, Ohio over five consecutive years (2014-2018). Tree Swallows at urban and protected sites relied on emergent aquatic insects for 37.4 and 30.8% (SD = 28.4 and 24.1%) of their nutritional subsidies, respectively. Despite the loss of environmental quality generally attributed to cities, Tree Swallows exhibited greater reproductive success in urban settings where climate was more amenable to egg and nestling survival, and the breeding season was longer. Urban-nesting Tree Swallows initiated laying 7.9 days earlier and fledged 35% more young per nest than those at protected sites. Multiple characteristics of urban sites appeared to drive these patterns, including differences in mean and extreme air temperatures and measures of water quality (e.g., water temperature, nutrient concentrations, turbidity). However, chronic effects of elevated Hg concentrations – which were 482% greater in adult swallow blood at urban sites than at protected sites where swallows exhibited a 17.4% lower trophic position – may disadvantage individuals in other ways. Further, although Tree Swallows are a good model aerial insectivore bird species, characteristics of urban landscapes that benefit Tree Swallows may not advantage other aerial insectivorous birds owing to differences in life-history and foraging strategies. These findings implicate urbanization, local climate, and water quality as important considerations in the conservation of aerial insectivorous birds.</p>
Mating under climate change: impact of simulated heatwaves on the reproduction of model pollinators (Dataset)
<ol> <li>Climate change is related to an increase in frequency and intensity of extreme events such as heatwaves. It is well established that such events may worsen the current worldwide biodiversity decline. In many organisms, heat stress is associated with direct physiological perturbations and could lead to a decrease of fitness. In contrast to endotherms, heat stress resistance has been poorly investigated in heterotherms; especially in insects, in which the internal physiological mechanisms available to regulate body temperature are almost negligible making them sensitive to extreme temperature variations.</li> <li>Wild bees are crucial pollinators for wild plants and crops. Among them, bumblebees are experiencing a strong decline across the world. Therefore, the ongoing global decline of these insect pollinators partly due to climate change could cause major economic issues.</li> <li>Here, we assess how simulated heatwaves impact fertility and attractiveness (key parameters of sustainability) of bumblebee males. We used three model species: <i>Bombus terrestris</i>, a widespread and warm-adapted species, <i>B. magnus</i> and <i>B. jonellus</i>, two declining and cold-adapted species.</li> <li>We highlight that heat shock (40°C) negatively affects sperm viability and sperm DNA integrity only in the two cold-adapted species. Heat shock can also impact the structure of cephalic labial glands and the production of pheromones only in the declining species.</li> <li>The specific disruption in key reproductive traits we identify following simulated heatwave conditions could provide one important mechanistic explanation for why some pollinators are in decline through climate change.</li> </ol>
The influence of dynamic topography, climate, and tectonics on the Nile River source-to-sink system – Model input data
<p>Input data for Badlands models used in 2020 Honours thesis at the University of Sydney.</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Bustamante RO, Alves L, Goncalves E, Duarte M, Herrera I (2020) A classification system for predicting invasiveness using climatic niche traits and global distribution models: application to alien plant species in Chile. NeoBiota 63: 127-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.63.50049
Table S2. Basic information obtained for 49 exotic plants in Chile
Supplementary material 3 from: Bustamante RO, Alves L, Goncalves E, Duarte M, Herrera I (2020) A classification system for predicting invasiveness using climatic niche traits and global distribution models: application to alien plant species in Chile. NeoBiota 63: 127-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.63.50049
Map of the species
Data from: Testing models of speciation from genome sequences: divergence and asymmetric admixture in Island Southeast Asian Sus species during the Plio-Pleistocene climatic fluctuations
In many temperate regions, ice ages promoted range contractions into refugia resulting in divergence (and potentially speciation), while warmer periods led to range expansions and hybridization. However, the impact these climatic oscillations had in many parts of the tropics remains elusive. Here, we investigate this issue using genome sequences of three pig (Sus) species, two of which are found on islands of the Sunda-shelf shallow seas in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA). A previous study revealed signatures of inter-specific admixture between these Sus species (Frantz et al. (2013) Genome sequencing reveals fine scale diversification and reticulation history during speciation in Sus. Genome biology, 14, R107). However, the timing, directionality and extent of this admixture remain unknown. Here we use a likelihood based model comparison to more finely resolve this admixture history and test whether it was mediated by humans or occurred naturally. Our analyses suggest that inter-specific admixture between Sunda-shelf species was most likely asymmetric and occurred long before the arrival of humans in the region. More precisely, we show that these species diverged during the late Pliocene but around 23% of their genomes have been affected by admixture during the later Pleistocene climatic transition. In addition, we show that our method provides a significant improvement over D-statistics which are uninformative about the direction of admixture.
Data from: Recasting the dynamic equilibrium model through a functional lens: the interplay of trait-based community assembly and climate
1. According to the dynamic equilibrium hypothesis (DEH), plant species richness is locally controlled by productivity and disturbance. Given that regional conditions widely affect local environmental variables such as soil nutrient availability, the DEH predictions could be improved by considering how climate influences local controls of species richness. Further, a trait-based approach to community assembly has the potential to reveal a deeper, mechanistic understanding of species richness variation across environments. Here we bring together DEH and trait-based community assembly expectations to examine if and how local relationships between diversity, disturbance and productivity are affected by habitat filtering and regional climate. 2. We specifically tested how gradients of local nutrient availability and disturbance intensity interact with climatic conditions to drive the species richness of grassland communities. Further, we recast the DEH through a functional lens by exploring how disturbance-diversity and nutrient availability-diversity relationships are shaped by the functional space occupied by species in a community and species packing within this functional space. 3. The functional space occupied by co-occurring species and the way they are functionally packed are quantified using multi-trait indices calculated with five core plant functional traits. Working with grassland communities spread across differing regional climatic conditions, we used mixed models to test if the variation in taxonomic and functional metrics corresponded to the dynamic equilibrium model's predictions as well as to determine the relationship between those metrics. 4. Contrary to the expectations based on the relation between species richness and the functional components considered, taxonomic and functional metrics did not vary in accordance along environmental gradients. Climate strongly interacted with the local environment to modulate local diversity patterns, sometimes even inversing a given trend and falsifying the DEH predictions. 5. Synthesis. Our findings quantitatively highlight the interplay between regional and local environmental gradients in driving community assembly. We demonstrate that, depending on climatic conditions, observed patterns of both taxonomic and functional community composition can be opposite to expected productivity-diversity and disturbance-diversity relationships. This emphasizes the relevance of multi-faceted studies of biodiversity and the need for a more systematic quantification of regional controls in community assembly studies.
Pojected temperature rise for 2040, 2060, 2080 and 2100, considering NOAA's climate model
<p>The data provided is the projected temperature rise for 2040, 2060, 2080 and 2100, considering the climate model from the NOAA's (National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration) Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory GFDL-CM3 under three Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, which are named for the approximate radiative forcing in year 2100: the lower forcing scenario RCP 2.6, a moderate scenario RCP 6.0 and the higher forcing scenario RCP 8.5 </p>
Data from: Keeping pace with climate change: stage-structured moving-habitat models
Life cycles can limit the abilities of species to track changing climatic conditions. We combined age or stage structure and a moving-habitat model to explore the effects of life history on the persistence of populations in the presence of climate change. We studied four dissimilar plant species in moving patches and found that (1) population growth rates, (2) elasticities with respect to the survival (stasis and shrinkage) components of the projection matrix, and (3) the evenness of the elasticities with respect to the components of the projection matrix all decreased as we increased the translational speeds of the patches. In addition, the value of long-distance dispersal increased with patch speed for three of the four species. Our analyses confirm that rapid growth, high fecundity, and long-distance dispersal can benefit species in moving patches. Thus, species with long generation times and limited dispersal ability are especially vulnerable to habitat movement. Stage-structured moving-habitat models can easily incorporate spatial complexity and can help us predict the effects of shifting climatic conditions.
Contributions of the Liquid and Ice Phases to Global Surface Precipitation: Observations and Global Climate Modeling
This study is the first to reach a global view of the precipitation process partitioning, using a combination of satellite and global climate modeling data. The pathways investigated are (1) precipitating ice (ice/snow/graupel) that forms above the freezing level and melts to produce rain (S) followed by additional condensation and collection as the melted precipitating ice falls to the surface (R); (2) growth completely through condensation and collection (coalescence), warm rain (W); and (3) precipitating ice (primarily snow) that falls to the surface (SS). To quantify the amounts, data from satellite-based radar measurements—CloudSat, GPM, and TRMM—are used, as well as climate model simulations from the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) and the UK Met Office Unified Model (UM).
Supplementary material 1 from: Le MD, Rödder D, Nguyen TT, The Pham C, Nguyen TQ, Ong AV, McCormack TEM, Nguyen TT, Le MH, Ngo HT, Ziegler T (2024) Climatic niche modelling and genetic analyses highlight conservation priorities for the Spotted Softshell Turtle (Pelodiscus variegatus). Nature Conservation 55: 67-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.55.114746
Supplementary data
Data from: Distribution models predict climate-related range alteration or extinction of eleven threatened tropical rainforest trees in the Western Ghats
<p>This dataset contains information related to species occurence data and species distribution modeling (SDM) analysisr of eleven threatened tree species. Occurrences are compiled from extensive field surveys in the Anamalai Hills along with data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF.org) and earlier work done within the southern Western Ghats, India.</p> <p>References:<br>Page, N. V., & Shanker, K. (2020). Climatic stability drives latitudinal trends in range size and richness of woody plants in the Western Ghats, India. PLOS ONE, 15(7), e0235733. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235733</p> <p>GBIF.org (2022) GBIF Occurrence Download, 2 August 2022. DOI:10.15468/dl.gnvuxj</p> <p><br>AUTHOR #1<br>1. Name: A.P. Madhavan<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Email address: madhavan@ncf-india.org<br>4. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2754-8256</p> <p>AUTHOR #2<br>1. Name: Kshama Bhat<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Email address: kshama@ncf-india.org<br>4. ORCID: ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6190-2687</p> <p>AUTHOR #3<br>1. Name: Srinivasan Kasinathan<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Email address: srini@ncf-india.org<br>4. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-6653</p> <p>AUTHOR #4<br>1. Name: Divya Mudappa <br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org <br>4. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p>AUTHOR #5<br>1. Name: Navendu Page<br>2. Work Address: Wildlife Institute of India, Post Box No. 18, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India<br>3. Email address: navendu.page@gmail.com<br>4. ORCID: ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9413-7571</p> <p>AUTHOR #6<br>1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman <br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org <br>4. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p>Keywords: tropical rainforest, climate change, tree distributions, species distribution models, range shifts, Western Ghats</p> <p><br>Geographic Coverage:<br>1. Location/Study Area: Southern Western Ghats Montane Rain Forests, Southern Western Ghats Moist Deciduous Forests, India<br>2. GPS coordinates: SWG (73.95° – 80.33° E, 8.06° – 13.11°N) </p> <p>Temporal coverage<br>Starts: 2020-08-01<br>Ends: 2024-03-28</p> <p>Besides this README.txt file, the dataset includes three comma-delimited text files (csv); two R scripts, and 1 kml file of surveyed trails.</p> <p>CSV files with the data in columns as explained below:</p> <p>1) Focal_Tree_Dat.csv</p> <p>Comp: Number identifier<br>FT_ID: Unique tree no for each individual<br>Focal_tree: Scientific name of species<br>Date: Date of occurrence observation<br>Place: Area/locality description<br>Trail: Unique trail ID<br>Waypoint: Waypoint number <br>Time: Time in hh:mm format <br>Location: Specific description of occurrence locality <br>Latitude: Latitude in decimal degrees N <br>Longitude: Longitude in decimal degrees E <br>Elevation: Elevation in metres <br>Slope: Cateory of slope <br>ID_Notes: Notes on identification<br>Phenophase: Phenophase expression at the time of observation <br>GBH: Girth at breast height in centimetres (comma separated list of numbers in case of multi-stemmed trees) <br>Tree_ht: Tree height in metres<br>Canopy_ht: Maximimum height of the surrounding canopy in metres<br>Substrate: Soil substrate composition<br>Invasives: Name of invasive species (if present) <br>Stature: Vegetation strata position <br>Relatively: Stature of focal individual relative to other surrounding individuals <br>Deadwood: Description of deadwood on the tree <br>Damage: Description of damage on the bole <br>Shape: Description of tree canopy shape<br>Closure: Canopy closure at focal tree <br>Seedlings: Number of conspecific seedlings present in 5 m radius of focal tree <br>Saplings: Number of conspecific saplings present in 5 m radius of focal tree<br>Trees: Number of conspecific trees present in 5 m radius of focal tree<br>Remarks: Remarks </p> <p>2) Ffspecies.csv</p> <p>Source: Source of occurrence <br>ID: State/location of occurrence<br>Region: Biogeographic region of occurrence <br>decimalLatitude: Latitude in decimal degrees N<br>decimalLongitude: Longitude in decimal degrees E<br>species: Scientific name of species</p> <p>4) ft_surveys.csv</p> <p>Date: Date of survey of sample trail<br>Prot_type: Category indicating whether protected area or fragment <br>Place: Area/locality description<br>Route_description: Specific landmark description of trail<br>Trail: Unique trail ID <br>Trail_distance: Tracked distance of trail in km <br>Corrected_trail_distance: Corrected distance of trail in km<br>Track_filename_kml: File name of gps track<br>Sample_collected: Name of species if sample collected <br>Observers: Name of observers <br>Remarks: Remarks</p> <p>ANALYSES SCRIPTS<br>flexsdm_script.R<br>Script containing the analysis of all maxent distribution modeling and associated analysis</p> <p>Franklinia_density.Rmd<br>Script of density and abundance related analysis</p> <p> </p>
NZESM & UKESM data for JAMES study on climatic changes associated with a nested ocean model in the region around New Zealand.
<p>NZESM & UKESM data for JAMES study on climatic changes associated with a nested ocean model in the region around New Zealand.</p>
Data for: Modeling climate-driven range shifts in populations of two bird species limited by habitat independent of climate
<p>Ranges of species around the world are expected to contract in response to climate change. Species distribution models (SDMs) are a powerful tool for predicting changes in habitat availability, but the variables selected to create SDMs influence their performance. In addition to climate, habitat characteristics and species traits can play a role in predicted species distribution. In this paper, we consider how variable selection influences the accuracy of SDMs when applied to isolated subpopulations of two widely distributed bird species: the great gray owl (<em>Strix</em> <em>nebulosa</em>) and the willow flycatcher (<em>Empidonax</em> <em>traillii</em>). In the Sierra Nevada of California, these species are restricted largely to discrete patches of meadow habitat within a forest matrix, providing the potential to identify specific locations to target conservation efforts. We contrast predictions made by SDMs that consider climatic variables alone with those that incorporate both climate and geophysical variables. Adding geophysical variables resulted in differing model predictions. For willow flycatchers, adding geophysical variables improved predictive performance. In the case of great gray owls, models with and without geophysical variables had nearly identical performance under historical conditions but differed starkly in their predictions. The full model (climatic and geophysical variables) predicted habitat availability to decrease moderately, whereas the climate-only model predicted nearly complete loss of favorable habitat by 2099. The climate-only model is consistent with expectations based on previous SDMs of birds across North America, but previous studies also assume homogeneity in species traits and range-wide habitat requirements. The full model appears more consistent with recent trends in great gray owl numbers in the Sierra Nevada specifically, where the population has remained relatively stable over recent decades. Given contradictions in our model predictions, care should be taken when trying to apply similar SDM models to other systems.</p>
MAgPIE model input data sets: Climate change-driven global land-use system adaptation under CMIP6-based crop model projections
<p>These MAgPIE input data sets include harmonized crop yield projections from several crop models (9 crop models and 5 climate models). Additionally, regional, validation, and calibration data sets are also reported.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.