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617 results for “Early Jurassic”
FIGURE 10 in Latest Triassic and Early Jurassic Spiriferinida (Brachiopoda) of Zealandia (New Zealand and New Caledonia)
FIGURE 10. Length vs width plots, ventral valve, with linear trend lines. A: Spiriferina arakiwa, S. sophiaealbae and Cisnerospira antipoda. B: Callospiriferina kawhiana, C. ongleyi and C. radiata.
FIGURE 14 in Latest Triassic and Early Jurassic Spiriferinida (Brachiopoda) of Zealandia (New Zealand and New Caledonia)
FIGURE 14. Callospiriferina kawhiana (x1.2 and x 2). 1 C1827 (E44/f8632) internal mould (a) dorsal (b) ventral (x1.2). 2 C2594 (E45/f9611) internal mould (a) dorsal (b) ventral (c) lateral (x1.2). 3 C1831 (E44/f8632) internal mould (a) dorsal (b) ventral (x1.2). 4 BR 3316 (N28/f9454) internal mould, dorsal view showing imprint of spiralia on shell interior (x2). 5 BR 3398 (F45/f8680) latex of internal mould, dorsal valve (x2.). 6 BR 3397 (F45/f8680) latex of internal mould, dorsal valve showing hinge plate and cardinal process (x2). 7 OU 47208 (E45/f) latex of internal mould, ventral showing hinge plate (x2).
FIGURE 6 in Latest Triassic and Early Jurassic Spiriferinida (Brachiopoda) of Zealandia (New Zealand and New Caledonia)
FIGURE 6. World distribution of spiriferinide genera. Data from Fossilworks (downloaded 2 April 2020) and relevant literature. Base maps from Alroy (2013). Online paleogeographic map generator. http://paleodb.org/?a=mapForm Maps drawn on equirectangular projection for 185 ma, focal co-ordinates -80°, 180°. New Zealand and New Caledonia in the Jurassic were a series of terranes on the subducted margin of Gondwana, and the positions shown on this map are approximate.
Volcanism and carbon cycle perturbations in the High Arctic during the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous
<p>Dataset for Vickers, M.L., Jelby, M.E., Śliwińska, K.K., Percival, L.M., Wang, F., Sanei, H., Price, G.D., Ullmann, C.V., Grasby, S.E., Reinhardt, L. and Mather, T.A., 2023. Volcanism and carbon cycle perturbations in the High Arctic during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. <em>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</em>, <em>613</em>, p.111412.</p>
Data from: Reductions in body size of benthic macroinvertebrates as a precursor of the Early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) extinction event in the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal
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Data from: The Rapoport effect and the climatic variability hypothesis in Early Jurassic ammonites
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Data from: A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early–Middle Jurassic pliosaurids
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Data from: New records of the late Pliensbachian to early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) gladius-bearing coleoid cephalopods from the Ya Ha Tinda Lagerstätte, Canada
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Data from: Gauging scale effects and biogeographical signals in similarity distance decay analyses: an Early Jurassic ammonite case study
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FIG. 1. — Pseudastacus lemovices n in A new stenochirid lobster (Crustacea, Decapoda, Stenochiridae) from the Early Jurassic of France
FIG. 1. — Pseudastacus lemovices n. sp. from the Sinemurian of Chauffour-sur-Vell, France: A, map of France with location of the type locality; B-C, slab CN- NMP-130 with the association of five preserved specimens, natural light (B) and UV light (C). Abbreviations: 1, holotype CN-NMP-130-1; 2-5, paratypes CN- NMP-130-2 to 130-5. Photographs: P. Loubry. Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 4 in A new stenochirid lobster (Crustacea, Decapoda, Stenochiridae) from the Early Jurassic of France
FIG. 4. — Paratype CN-NMP-130-3 of Pseudastacus lemovices n. sp. from the Sinemurian of Chauffour-sur-Vell, France: A, specimen in left lateral/dorsal view, cross-polarized light; B, interpretative line drawing. Abbreviations: di, diaeresis; en, uropodal endopod; ex, uropodal exopod; e1e, cervical groove; P1-P3, pereiopods 1 to 3; r, rostrum; se, setae; sk, endophragmal skeleton; s1-s4, pleonal somites 1 to 4. Photograph: D. Audo. Scale bars: 5 mm.
FIG. 3 in A new stenochirid lobster (Crustacea, Decapoda, Stenochiridae) from the Early Jurassic of France
FIG. 3. — Paratype CN-NMP-130-2 of Pseudastacus lemovices n. sp. from the Sinemurian of Chauffour-sur-Vell, France: A, specimen in right lateral/ventral view, cross-polarized light; B, interpretative line drawing. Abbreviations: a2, antenna; ca, carpus; pr, propodus; P1-P5, pereiopods 1 to 5; me, merus; mxp3, third maxilliped; s1-s6, pleonal somites 1 to 6. Photograph: D. Audo. Scale bars: 5 mm.
Fig. 7. Postcranium, Early Jurassic saurichthyids. A in Revision of Saurorhynchus (Actinopterygii: Saurichthyidae) from the Early Jurassic of England and Germany
Fig. 7. Postcranium, Early Jurassic saurichthyids. A. Saurorhynchus anningae sp. nov., neural arches and squamation in the posterior abdominal region (NHMUK PV P 3790). B–D. Saurorhynchus hauffi sp. nov., SMNS 55057. B. Lepidotrichia of the anal fin. C. Relationship between the neural and haemal arches and the axonosts. D. Caudal peduncle. Abbreviations: af.ax = axonosts of the anal fin; ax.p = axonost plate; bf = basal fulcra; cf.r = caudal fin radials; df.ax = axonosts of the dorsal fin; ff = fringing fulcra; hs = haemal spine; lep = lepidotrichia; mds = mid-dorsal scale row; mvs = mid-ventral scale row; na = neural arch; ns = neural spine. Scale bars: A = 1 mm, B–D = 5 mm. A. Photo © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London.
Extinction of herbivorous dinosaurs linked to Early Jurassic global warming event
<p><span>Sauropods, the giant long-necked dinosaurs, became the dominant group of large herbivores in terrestrial ecosystems after multiple related lineages became extinct towards the end of the Early Jurassic (190–174 Ma). The causes and precise timing of this key faunal change and as well as the origin of eusauropods (true sauropods) have remained ambiguous mainly due to the scarce dinosaurian fossil record of this time. The Cañadón Asfalto basin in Patagonia (Argentina) contains terrestrial sequences that document this critical interval of dinosaur evolution. Here we report a new dinosaur from this basin that is the oldest eusauropod known with a nearly complete skull and provide precise U-Pb radioisotopic dates that time the rise of eusauropods in Patagonia. We show eusauropod-dominance was established after a massive magmatic event impacting southern Gondwana (180–184 Ma) and coincided with severe perturbations to the climate and a drastic decrease in the floral diversity characterized by the rise of conifers with small scaly leaves. Floral and faunal changes from other regions suggest these were global changes that affected terrestrial ecosystems during the Toarcian warming of climate and formed part of a second-order mass extinction event.</span></p>
Data from: Comparing the differential filling of morphospace and allometric space through time: the morphological and developmental dynamics of early Jurassic ammonoids
The evolutionary history of shell geometry of Early Jurassic ammonoids during the Pliensbachian–Toarcian second-order mass extinction is explored at both adult and ontogenetic levels. The ontogenetic approach builds on the concept of allometric space to get insights into the developmental aspects of morphological evolution. Investigation of the deployment of taxa in adult morphospace and allometric space allows the appraisal of the temporal evolution of morphological and allometric disparities. Curves of taxonomic diversity, adult morphological disparity, allometric disparity, and average adult size are contrasted. Results show that during the Pliensbachian–Toarcian interval, ammonoids underwent two successive and drastic declines in taxonomic diversity. Patterns of morphospace and allometric space occupancy suggest nonselective extinction at both morphological and developmental levels. Another measure of allometric disparity suggests the occurrence of two heterochronic trends, a peramorphocline followed by a paedomorphocline, during the Toarcian. These trends are concomitant with changes in average adult size that compensate for the heterochronic effects and explain the striking stability of morphological disparity despite changes in diversity. The results also emphasize the existence of two contrasted evolutionary dynamics in Pliensbachian and Toarcian ammonoids. Methodologically, the allometric disparity approach appears to be a fruitful tool to analyze the rather understudied clade-wide ontogenetic aspects of morphological evolution. Combining multiple approaches to describe clade morphological dynamics leads to a better characterization and understanding of the diversity-disparities relationships and a better distinction of the potential processes driving these macroevolutionary patterns.
Data from: Ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing in Early Jurassic belemnites from Germany and France, and their palaeobiological implications
Based on well-preserved belemnites, the ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing between succeeding chambers were analysed. In the examined species (Passaloteuthis laevigata, Parapassaloteuthis zieteni and Pseudohasitites longiformis) that come from Buttenheim, Germany, and Lixhausen, France, the ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing follow exponentially increasing trends with no decreasing phase of septal crowding during the earliest ontogenetic stage. The absence of a decreasing trend at the earliest ontogenetic stage is a unique character in contrast with those in modern cuttlefish and ancient and modern nautiloids, in which the decreasing trends are related to hatching events. These ontogenetic septal spacing trends suggest that the belemnite hatchlings had only a protoconch with no chamber. These belemnite hatchlings with no chamber and therefore small embryonic shell diameter are similar to those of ammonoids. Significant difference in a statistical test that compared the protoconch size between the two localities, might suggest that there was limited transportation at the embryonic stage, although it could also just indicate differences in regional environmental conditions, age and/or degree of time averaging which might differ between the examined taxa.
FIGURE 6 in A new Ginglymodi (Actinopterygii, Holostei) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Thailand, with comments on the early diversification of Lepisosteiformes in Southeast Asia
FIGURE 6. Reconstruction of Khoratichthys, gibbus, gen. et sp. nov. Scale bar equals 2 cm.
Fig. 1 in Contributions To The Study Of The Early Jurassic Petrified Forest Of Holbav And Cristian Areas (Brașov Region, South Carpathians, Romania), 2 Part.
Fig. 1 Protocupressinoxylon dragastanii Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000 (inventory no. 27699). a-c: Cross section - tracheids polygonal with rounded corners, linear rays and diffuse parenchyma; d-f: Tangential section - uniseriate rays with polygonal ray-cells, sometimes with biseriate storeys; g-i: Radial section - radial pitting on tracheids 1-2 - seriate, of mixed-type; when biseriate, pits are alternate (g, i); cross-fields with 1-2(4) cupressoid pits, when more - are slightly irregular or alternate, in two superposed rows (g, h).
Fig. 1 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 1. Lower jaws of comparative mammaliaforms. A. Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275), from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. Right mandible in lingual (A1) and labial (A2) views. B, C. Morganucodontan Dinnetherium nezorum Jenkins, Crompton, and Downs, 1983, from the Kayenta Formation, Lower Jurassic of Arizona, USA. B. An older adult (MCZ 20910). C. A young adult (MCZ 20870); modified from Crompton and Luo 1993). Younger individuals of D. nezorum have a full set of five premolars, while older individuals have lost up to two anterior premolars without replacement. The postcanine diastema developed by shedding premolars without replacement is an aging-related character of many mammaliaforms including Hadrocodium.
Fig. 1 in A new caenogastropod from the upper Rhaetian of Lombardy: Palaeobiogeographical history and implications for the Early Jurassic gastropod recovery
Fig. 1. Location of the outcrop (A) and stratigraphical section (B) modified from Jadoul et al. (2005).
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