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2,911 results for “dispersal”
Dispersal and coastal geomorphology limit potential for mangrove range expansion under climate change
<p>Latitudinal range limits for mangroves on high-energy, wave-dominated coasts are controlled by geomorphological features and estuarine dynamics. Mangroves reach a southern global range limit along the South African coastline, but the distribution is patchy, with stands occurring in only 16% of the estuaries in the region. Yet, the persistence of forests planted >50 years ago beyond the natural distribution limit suggests that additional estuaries could support mangroves. Understanding regional drivers is necessary to inform global scale estimates for how this important ecosystem is predicted to respond to climate change.</p> <p>Here, we combine species distribution modeling (MaxEnt), Lagrangian particle tracking using an eddy- and tide-resolving numerical ocean model, and connectivity matrices, to identify suitable mangrove habitats at present, as well as under the IPCC RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios.</p> <p>Within the current South African distribution range (± 900 km), eight more estuaries were identified as suitable under contemporary conditions. When considering potential range extension (± 110 km), an additional 14 suitable estuaries were identified. Connectivity matrices suggest limited long-distance dispersal, stranding mostly at or near the release location, and a decreased probability of connectivity towards the range limit. Under both future climate scenarios, 30% of estuaries currently supporting mangroves are predicted to become unsuitable, while an additional six estuaries beyond the current distribution are predicted to become suitable. However, there is limited connectivity between these new sites and established forests.</p> <p><em>Synthesis</em>: This study shows that dispersal substantially limits mangrove distribution at the southern African range limit and highlights the importance of including this process in species distribution models. Ultimately, our results provide new insight for mangrove conservation and management at range limits that are not controlled predominantly by temperature, as it has been assumed that mangroves will largely expand to higher latitudes under climate change.</p>
Dispersion of the folded waveguide and output power of the Travelling Wave Tube amplifier in W band.
<p>Datasets of Dispersion of the folded waveguide and beam line (Fig1) and output power (Fig 2) of the paper "Fabrication of W-band TWT for 5G small cells backhaul" for IVEC 2017.</p> <p>Both MAGIC3D and CST- Particle StudioS were used for particle in cell simulations of the whole amplifier. Both the the simulators confirmed more that than 40 W on the full band 923 – 95 GHz as shown in Fig.2 The simulations included the couplers and the RF windows. Specific simulations for the design of the electron optics, the windows and the collector were performed.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Supporting Data for Electrolyte-Induced Instability of Colloidal Dispersions in Nonpolar Solvents (J. Phys. Chem. Lett., doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01685)
<p>Raw data: interaction force curves (separation [m], force [N], error force [N]) and small-angle neutron scattering curves (Q [1/Å], I(Q) [1/cm], error I(Q) [1/cm]).</p>
Pigment-Dispersing Factor expressing neurons provide an infrastructure for conveying circadian information in the honey bee brain
<p>A movie of a 360° view of the 3D-reconstructed PDF (Pigment Dispersing Factor) network in the honey bee brain. (avi file to be opened with for example Fiji ImageJ)</p>
Pericarpial nectary-visiting ants do not provide fruit protection against pre-dispersal seed predators regardless of ant species composition and resource availability
<p> This dataset describes the number of flowers, fruits and seed set of <em>Tocoyena formosa</em> in branches exposed (control) and isolated (ant exclusion) from ants, as well as the visiting ants and seed predators reared from fruits collected from both treatments.</p>
Data from: Dispersal and connectivity in increasingly extreme climatic conditions
<p>While climate change has been shown to impact several life-history traits of wild-living animal populations, little is known about its effects on dispersal and connectivity.</p> <p>Here, we capitalize on the highly variable flooding regime of the Okavango Delta to investigate impacts of changing environmental conditions on dispersal and connectivity of the endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus). Based on remote sensed flood extents observed over 20 years, we derive two extreme flood scenarios: a minimum and a maximum flood extent; representative of very dry and very wet environmental periods. These conditions are akin to those anticipated under increased climatic variability, as it is expected under climate change. Using a movement model parametrized with GPS data from dispersing individuals, we simulate 12,000 individual dispersal trajectories across the ecosystem under both scenarios and investigate patterns of connectivity.</p> <p>Across the entire ecosystem, surface water coverage during maximum flood extent reduces dispersal success (i.e., the propensity of individuals to disperse between adjacent subpopulations) by 12% and increases dispersal durations by 17%. Locally, however, dispersal success diminishes by as much as 78%. Depending on the flood extent, alternative dispersal corridors emerge, some of which in the immediate vicinity of human-dominated landscapes. Notably, under maximum flood extent, the number of dispersing trajectories moving into human-dominated landscapes decreases by 41% at the Okavango Delta's inflow, but increases by 126% at the Delta's distal end. This may drive the amplification of human-wildlife conflict.</p> <p>Whilst predicting the impacts of climate change on environmental conditions on-the-ground remains challenging, our results highlight that environmental change may have significant consequences for dispersal patterns and connectivity, and ultimately, population viability. Acknowledging and anticipating such impacts will be key to effective conservation strategies and to preserve vital dispersal corridors in light of climate change and other human-related landscape alterations.</p>
Supplementary figures and data for "Complete phylogeny of Micrathena spiders suggests multiple dispersal events among Neotropical rainforests, islands, and landmasses, and indicates Andean orogeny promotes speciation"
<p>Supplementary figures and data for "Complete phylogeny of <em>Micrathena</em> spiders suggests multiple dispersal events among Neotropical rainforests, islands, and landmasses, and indicates Andean orogeny promotes speciation" by Ivan L. F. Magalhaes, Pedro H. Martins, Bárbara T. Faleiro, Teofânia H. D. A. Vidigal, Fabrício R. Santos, Leonardo S. Carvalho, Adalberto J. Santos, submitted to <em>Cladistics</em>. </p> <p>Supplementary Figures S1 – S15</p> <p>Supplementary data S16: Complete specimen data of specimens used as vouchers for morphological scorings in Excel spreadsheet format.<br>Supplementary data S17: Discrete character matrix with morphological scorings in Nexus format.<br>Supplementary data S18: Complete specimen data of specimens used as vouchers for DNA sequencing in Excel spreadsheet format.<br>Supplementary data S19: Alignment of cytochrome oxidase I sequences in Fasta format.<br>Supplementary data S20: Alignment of histone H3 sequences in Fasta format.<br>Supplementary data S21: Alignment of 28S ribosomal sequences in Fasta format.<br>Supplementary data S22: Alignment of internal transcribed spacer sequences in Fasta format.<br>Supplementary data S23: Alignment of 16S ribosomal sequences in Fasta format.<br>Supplementary data S24: Zipped folder containing the inputs for estimating the phylogeny using morphological data in IQ-Tree: matrix in nexus format, partition file, and command file in plain text.<br>Supplementary data S25: Zipped folder containing the inputs for estimating the phylogeny using sequence data aligned with Muscle in IQ-Tree: matrix in nexus format, partition file, and command file in plain text.<br>Supplementary data S26: Zipped folder containing the inputs for estimating the phylogeny using sequence data aligned with MAFFT in IQ-Tree: matrix in nexus format, partition file, and command file in plain text.<br>Supplementary data S27: Zipped folder containing the inputs for estimating the phylogeny using morphological and sequence data aligned with MUSCLE in IQ-Tree: matrix in nexus format, partition file, and command file in plain text.<br>Supplementary data S28: Input Nexus for estimating the phylogeny using morphological data in MrBayes.<br>Supplementary data S29: Input Nexus for estimating the phylogeny using sequence data aligned with Muscle in MrBayes.<br>Supplementary data S30: Input Nexus for estimating the phylogeny using sequence data aligned with MAFFT in MrBayes.<br>Supplementary data S31: Input Nexus for estimating the phylogeny using morphological and sequence data aligned with Muscle in MrBayes.<br>Supplementary data S32: Input XML for estimating the dated phylogeny under Bayesian inference in BEAST.<br>Supplementary data S33: Distribution maps for all Micrathena species included in this study, the database with the original records and their source, and the R script used to generate the maps.<br>Supplementary data S34: Zipped folder containing all the inputs for estimating ancestral ranges and performing biogeographic stochastic mapping in R. This contains (0) the scripts for performing model selection and estimating ancestral states over a distribution of posterior trees, followed by stochastic mapping; (1) the geography and tree files (MMCT, and 100 trees randomly drawn from the posterior distribution); (2) the dispersal matrix and (3) the files for performing the time-stratified analysis to test the influence of the closure of the Isthmus of Panama on Micrathena dispersal.<br>Supplementary data S35: R script for generating the in-situ-speciation-through-time graphs from the results of biogeographic stochastic maps, as seen in Fig. 5.<br>Supplementary data S36: R script for getting and plotting elevations from individual records of Micrathena.<br>Supplementary data S37: R script for performing the GeoHiSSE estimation of net diversification rates among areas.<br>Supplementary data S38: Zipped folder containing the optimal trees found as a result of analysing inputs S24–S32 (IQ-Tree, MrBayes and BEAST).<br>Supplementary data S39: Zipped folder containing the ancestral range estimation results under competing models in BioGeoBEARS.<br>Supplementary data S40: Excel spreadsheet with parameter values of competing biogeographic models in BioGeoBEARS.<br>Supplementary data S41: Excel spreadsheet with results of biogeographic stochastic mapping over 100 different trees from the posterior distribution; includes all Micrathena species.<br>Supplementary data S42: Excel spreadsheet with results of biogeographic stochastic mapping over 100 different trees from the posterior distribution; includes only Micrathena species which had their DNA sequenced.<br>Supplementary data S43: Excel spreadsheet with the geography matrix, indicating which Micrathena species may be found in each area, and indicating the proportion of species from each area that are missing from the incomplete dataset (i.e., excluding species with unavailable DNA sequences).<br>Supplementary data S44: Excel spreadsheet with parameter values of competing biogeographic models estimated in GeoHiSSE.</p>
Co-Dispersion Delivery Systems with Solubilizing Carriers Improving the Solubility and Permeability of Cannabinoids (Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, and Cannabichromene) from Cannabis sativa (Henola Variety) Inflorescences
<p>Article, Dataset for article</p> <p> </p> <h2>Abstract</h2> <div>Cannabinoids: cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabichromene (CBC) are lipophilic compounds with limited water solubility, resulting in challenges related to their bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy upon oral administration. To overcome these limitations, we developed co-dispersion cannabinoid delivery systems with the biopolymer polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol (Soluplus) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin US2) to improve solubility and permeability. Recognizing the potential therapeutic benefits arising from the entourage effect, we decided to work with an extract instead of isolated cannabinoids. <span>Cannabis sativa</span> inflorescences (Henola variety) with a confirming neuroprotective activity were subjected to dynamic supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (scCO<sub>2</sub>) extraction and next they were combined with carriers (1:1 mass ratio) to prepare the co-dispersion cannabinoid delivery systems (HiE). In vitro dissolution studies were conducted to evaluate the solubility of CBD, CBDA, and CBC in various media (pH 1.2, 6.8, fasted, and fed state simulated intestinal fluid). The HiE-Soluplus delivery systems consistently demonstrated the highest dissolution rate of cannabinoids. Additionally, HiE-Soluplus exhibited the highest permeability coefficients for cannabinoids in gastrointestinal tract conditions than it was during the permeability studies using model PAMPA GIT. All three cannabinoids exhibited promising blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (P<sub>app</sub> higher than 4.0 × 10<sup>−6</sup> cm/s), suggesting their potential to effectively cross into the central nervous system. The improved solubility and permeability of cannabinoids from the HiE-Soluplus delivery system hold promise for enhancement in their bioavailability.</div> <div> <div> <div>Keywords: </div> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabidiol">cannabidiol</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabidiolic+acid">cannabidiolic acid</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabichromene">cannabichromene</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabis">cannabis</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=solubility">solubility</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=permeability">permeability</a></div> </div>
Data from: dispersal restriction and facilitation in species with differing tolerance to development: a landscape genetics study of native and introduced lizards
<p><em>Aim</em>: The development of natural habitats into urban land uses has greatly accelerated in the recent past due to human activities. This habitat development disrupts species' natural dispersal processes and can lead to both direct and indirect impacts on dispersal. Whether human activities result in restricted or facilitated dispersal may depend on a species' development tolerance; however, this premise has not been tested. We examined the impact of urbanization and road networks on the dispersal of three lizard species in the context of their development tolerance.</p> <p><em>Location</em>: Curaçao</p> <p><em>Methods</em>: To quantify species' development tolerance, we modelled three lizard species abundances at sites based on surrounding landscape development. Using microsatellite genotypes, we conducted individual-based resistance surface analyses and modelled the effect of habitat development on genetic admixture to assess indirect dispersal restriction and facilitation. We explored direct facilitation of dispersal using network analysis of mitochondrial haplotypes.</p> <p><em>Results</em>: <em>Phyllodactylus martini</em>, a native gecko species, was the least tolerant of development and experienced indirect dispersal restriction due to roads, according to resistance surface analyses. <em>Anolis lineatus, </em>a native anole species, exhibited a neutral relationship with development. Resistance surfaces and Structure analyses showed that <em>A. lineatus</em> faced indirect dispersal restrictions from roads and developed areas, while mitochondrial haplotype networks suggested they benefited from occasional human-facilitated long-distance dispersal events. <em>Hemidactylus mabouia</em>, an introduced gecko species, was the most tolerant of development, and experienced no dispersal restriction, but mitochondrial haplotypes suggest direct long-distance dispersal facilitation.</p> <p><em>Main conclusions</em>:<em> </em>Our findings highlight development tolerance as a key predictor of dispersal impact for these species and future work should test whether these patterns are upheld in other systems. Understanding how human activities affect species' dispersal will aid in managing introduced species while promoting connectivity for native species navigating dispersal challenges in dynamic landscapes.</p>
Data for Taylor Dispersion-Induced Phase Separation for the Efficient Characterisation of Protein Condensate Formation
<p>This archive contains data files the Python 3 code needed to reproduce the analysis done for the publication "Taylor Dispersion-Induced Phase Separation for the Efficient Characterisation of Protein Condensate Formation". Most of the data files are recorded on the Fida 1 instrument (Fidabio, Denmark) and consists of fluorescence recordings at the end of a 1 m long microfluidic channel (Ø 75 µm). Additional data file types include raw microscopy images (Leica SP8 confocal microscope, Germany), spectroscopy and light scattering files from Probedrum/Labbot (Labbot, Sweden), and simulation files generated by Comsol 6 (COMSOL AB, Sweden). Comsol project files are also supplied.</p> <p>The Python code is supplied in the form of Jupyter Notebooks. A python file "TDIPS.py" contains general routines used in the data analysis notebooks, and is for example capable of calculating the viscosity of various salt solution mixtures using table values. This is used for normalisation of the Fida 1 instrument data, when several measurements are done at different salt concentrations.</p> <p>The scripts are running Python 3.11.7 and packages Numpy (1.26.4), Matplotlib (3.8.0), Pandas (2.1.4), Scipy (1.11.4), and LMfit (1.2.2).</p> <p>All figures are included as Scalable Vector Graphics (<em>SVG</em>) files and can be opened using Inkscape.</p> <p>© Technical University of Denmark</p>
Data from: Dispersal-related plant traits are associated with range size in the Atlantic Forest
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The efficiency of animal-mediated seed dispersal is threatened by declines of animal populations, especially in tropical forests. We hypothesise that large-seeded plants with animal-mediated dispersal tend to have limited geographic ranges and face an increased risk of extinction due to the potential decline in seed dispersal by large-bodied fruit-eating and seed-dispersing animals (frugivores)</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> Atlantic Forest, Brazil, South America</p> <p><strong>Taxon:</strong> Angiosperms</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> First, we collected dispersal-related trait (dispersal syndrome, fruit size, seed size), growth form (tree, climber, other) and preferred vegetation type (open, closed) data for 1,052 Atlantic Forest plant species. Next, we integrated these with occurrence records, extinction risk assessments, and phylogenetic trees. Finally, we performed phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) regressions to test the direct and interactive effects of dispersal-related traits and vegetation type on geographical range size.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Large-seeded species had smaller range sizes than small-seeded species, but only for species with animal-mediated dispersal, not for those dispersed by abiotic mechanisms. However, plants with abiotic dispersal had overall smaller range sizes than plants with animal-mediated dispersal. Furthermore, we found that species restricted to forests had smaller ranges than those occurring in open or mixed vegetation. Finally, at least 29% of the Atlantic Forest flora is threatened by extinction, but this was not related to plant dispersal syndromes.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions:</strong> Large-seeded plants with animal-mediated dispersal may be suffering from dispersal limitation, potentially due to past and ongoing defaunation of large-bodied frugivores, leading to small range sizes. Other factors, such as deforestation and fragmentation, will probably modulate such effects of dispersal on range size, and ultimately extinction. Our study sheds light on the relationship between plant traits, mutualistic interactions and distribution that are key to the functioning of tropical forests.</p>
Evaluation of seed-dispersal services by ants at a temperate pasture: Results of direct observations in an ant suppression experiment
<p><em>Ant dispersal</em></p> <p>Ants disperse seeds of many plant species adapted to myrmecochory. While advantages of this ant–plant mutualism for myrmecochorous plants (myrmecochores) have been previously studied in temperate region mostly in forests, our study system was a pasture. Moreover, we used a unique combination of observing the effect of ant‐activity suppression on ant dispersal and comparison of the contribution of ant and unassisted dispersal to the distance from mother plant. We established plots without and with ant‐activity suppression (enclosures). We offered diaspores of a myrmecochorous (<em>Knautia arvensis</em>), and a non‐myrmecochorous (<em>Plantago lanceolata</em>) species in a choice test and followed ants carrying diaspores during days and nights (focus of previous studies was on diurnal dispersal). We measured frequency and distances of ant dispersal and compared them with unassisted dispersal recorded using sticky trap method. The dispersal frequency was lower in enclosures (3.16 times). Ants strongly preferred diaspores of the myrmecochore to non‐myrmecochore with 586 and 42 dispersal events, respectively (out of 6400 diaspores of each species offered). Ant dispersal resulted in more even and on average longer distances (maximum almost tenfold longer, 994 cm) in comparison to unassisted dispersal. Ant dispersal altered the distribution of distances of the myrmecochore from roughly symmetric for unassisted dispersal to positively skewed. Ants dispersed heavier diaspores farther. Ants dropped the majority of diaspores during the dispersal (which reduces clustering of seeds), while several (11%) were carried into anthills. Anthills are disturbed microsites presumably favorable for germination in competitive habitats. Ants provided non‐negligible dispersal services to myrmecochorous <em>K. arvensis</em> but also, to a lesser extent, of non‐myrmecochorous <em>P. lanceolata</em>.</p> <p><em>Unassisted dispersal</em></p> <p>A sticky trap of the same size as the experimental plots of the cafeteria experiment (3 m × 3 m) was used to record unassisted dispersal (i.e., without any biotic dispersal agent, mostly by gravity and additionally wind). We used linoleum covered with insect glue to trap the falling diaspores. Five full‐sized individuals (with majority of infructescences with mature seeds) of <em>K. arvensis</em> were fixed in a water container in the center of the plot for approximately 10 days. The procedure was repeated five times during July and August. The distances of trapped diaspores were measured in the same manner as in the case of ant dispersal, thus the dispersal by ants and unassisted dispersal can be compared.</p>
The spatial extent and the dispersal strategy of species shape the occupancy frequency distribution of stream insect assemblages
<p>This is the datasets and R script for our manuscript titled "The spatial extent and the dispersal strategy of species shape the occupancy frequency distribution of stream insect assemblages."</p> <p><strong><em>Study area and sampling of Mecsek_species_Szivaketal.xlsx data</em></strong></p> <p>The study area is situated in the Mecsek Mountains in Hungary. Stream insects were collected using the kick and sweep sampling technique. A hand net with a frame width of 25 cm and a mesh size of 1000 µm was employed. The collection involved disturbing an area of 0.25 × 0.25 m. We employed a stratified random multihabitat sampling procedure. We collected 20 sample units from the major microhabitats in proportion to their occurrence within the reaches. Each sample unit was individually processed and sorted in the laboratory to ensure thorough and accurate analysis.</p> <p><strong>Disperse_trait_Szivaketal.xlsx </strong>data is based on DISPERSE database (Sarremejane et al., 2020)</p> <p>Methods for <strong>microhabitat_coverage_reach_transect.xlsx:</strong> Prior to sampling, we divided each 100 m long reach into 20 transects of comparable length and created microhabitat coverage maps. Using these maps, we assessed the proportionate coverage of different microhabitat types within each reach</p> <p>References:</p> <p>Sarremejane, R., Cid, N., Stubbington, R., Datry, T., Alp, M., Cañedo-Argüelles, M., Cordero-Rivera, A., Csabai, Z., Gutiérrez-Cánovas, C., Heino, J., Forcellini, M., Millán, A., Paillex, A., Pařil, P., Polášek, M., Tierno de Figueroa, J. M., Usseglio-Polatera, P., Zamora-Muñoz, C., & Bonada, N. (2020). DISPERSE, a trait database to assess the dispersal potential of European aquatic macroinvertebrates. <em>Scientific Data</em>,<em> 7(1), </em>386. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00732-7</p>
Dataset for: Passive dispersal potential of medaka's egg by attaching to waterbirds
<p>Original datasets of dehydration experiments used for our work "Freshwater fish egg dispersal by attaching to waterbirds", (under review).</p> <p>Analytic codes are deposited in GitHub(https://github.com/yaoakifumi/Medaka-embryo-desication-tolerance).</p> <p>The manuscript is also deposited in bioRxiv.</p> <p>doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.11.584339</p>
Ship Plume Dispersion in Marseille Port: A High-Resolution CFD Visualization
<p><strong><u>Description</u></strong></p> <p>This video visualizes the results of a high-resolution Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model applied to study ship plume dispersion in the passenger port of Marseille, France. The video focuses on a scenario where a small cruise/pleasure ship docked at the port turns on its main engines in preparation for departure, considering seaborn prevailing wind conditions.</p> <p>The visualization concentrates on two areas. The first is the area around La Major Cathedral, which is close to the waterfront. The second is a street canyon approximately 650 meters downwind of the ship's location. Due to the local urban layout, the plume becomes entrapped within this distant street canyon. Here, the spatial distribution of pollutants can vary even between neighboring floors of a single building. Finally, a rendered video of the plume dispersion is presented, where the urban landscape is visualized to make the dispersion more comprehensible for non-technical and non-scientific audiences.</p> <p>This video was previously published on YouTube at the following link: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwLFTj1D4LU&ab_channel=SCIPPERProject" target="_blank" rel="noopener">YouTube</a>. </p> <p>All data used to create this video were made available through the EU Horizon 2020 project <a href="https://www.scipper-project.eu/">SCIPPER</a>.</p> <p>The SCIPPER project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement <a href="https://doi.org/10.3030/814893">Nr. 814893</a>. </p>
Dataset for " Direct or Indirect Sonication in Ecofriendly MoS2 Dispersion for NO2 and NH3 Gas-Sensing Applications
<p>This zip file contains the opj data of the published paper entitled: Direct or Indirect Sonication in Ecofriendly MoS2 Dispersion for NO2 and NH3 Gas-Sensing Applications published in ACS Omega 2024, 9, 23, 2597-25308</p> <p>DOI: <a title="DOI URL" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c03166">10.1021/acsomega.4c03166</a></p> <p> </p>
Dataset for Generation of multiple user-defined dispersive waves in a silicon nitride waveguide
<p>This is the data set for paper: Generation of multiple user-defined dispersive waves in a silicon nitride waveguide published in Optica. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.521625</p>
Data from: First dispersal records of the endangered Banteng (Bos javanicus) in Thung Yai Naresuan West Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand
<p>Banteng (<em>Bos javanicus</em>) is listed as an endangered species because of a global population decline of at least 50% over the last 25 years. The Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM) of Thailand has been identified as a priority site for banteng population recovery, and Huai Kha Keang Wildlife Sanctuary (HKK) is the most important source site for this species within the WEFCOM. We have provided evidence and discussed banteng dispersal from HKK to Thung Yai Naresuan West Wildlife Sanctuary (TYW). We sampled an area of 147 km<sup>2</sup> in banteng habitat next to the border between HKK and TYW using camera traps. We divided the sampled area into four grid cells and placed camera traps during January to December 2022. We setup the camera traps near saltlicks and natural water sources, as important resources for banteng, to maximize capture probability. In total, 2,835 trap days were obtained. Bantengs were captured in all seasons (RAI=1.66), especially in dry dipterocarp forest, which contains the ground forage availability for banteng, and the low-slope area with elevation 600–700 m adjacent to the border between HKK and TYW. The results highlighted that banteng, which had never been reported in TYW before, appeared there for the first time. They most likely dispersed from the population source in HKK and settled in a habitat that is considered suitable for them. The habitat management and protection are significant for the future recovery of banteng populations in the TYW and the rest of protected areas in the WEFCOM.</p>
Fundamental mode Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion data
<p>Fundamental-mode Rayleigh-wave group-velocity dispersion curves have been computed from 14706 regional waveforms (ray-paths) sampling India, Himalaya, Tibet and surrounding regions. These have been combined through ray-based travel-time tomography to compute 2D group-velocity maps at periods between 10 and 120~s. These ray-paths sample the region with unprecedented density and uniformity. The 2D maps have a lateral resolution of 3\deg x3\deg, comparable to the regional geology. The dispersion curves, at each 1\deg\ spaced node-points, are inverted to obtain a 3D isotropic shear-wave velocity structure.</p>
Data from: Fossils indicate marine dispersal in osteoglossid fishes, a classic example of continental vicariance
<p>The separation of closely-related terrestrial or freshwater species by vast marine barriers represents a biogeographic riddle. Such cases can provide evidence for vicariance, a process whereby ancient geological events like continental rifting divided ancestral geographic ranges. With an evolutionary history extending tens of millions of years, freshwater ecology, and distribution encompassing widely separated southern landmasses, osteoglossid bonytongue fishes are a textbook case of vicariance attributed to Mesozoic fragmentation of the Gondwanan supercontinent. Largely overlooked fossils complicate the clean narrative invoked for extant species by recording occurrences on additional continents and in marine settings. Here we present a new total-evidence hypothesis for bonytongue fishes combined with quantitative models of range evolution and show that the last common ancestor of extant osteoglossids was likely marine, and that the group colonized freshwater settings at least four times when both extant and extinct lineages are considered. The correspondence between extant osteoglossid relationships and patterns of continental fragmentation therefore represents a striking example of biogeographic pseudocongruence. Contrary to arguments against vicariance hypotheses that rely only on temporal or phylogenetic evidence, these results provide direct palaeontological support for enhanced dispersal ability early in the history of a group with widely separated distributions in the modern day.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.