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56 results for “Alcyonium”
FIGURE 10. Alcyonium yepayek n in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 10. Alcyonium yepayek n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 34948; a, collaret spindles; b, point clubs; c, tentacular rods; d, clubs of surface layer of top of colony; e, spindles of interior of top of colony; f, capstans of surface layer of base of colony; g, spindles of interior of base of colony; h, rods of interior of base of colony. Scales 0.10 mm, that at e applies to e only, that at a to all others.
FIGURE 7 in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 7. Alcyonium haddoni Wright & Studer; a–d, RMNH Coel. 34940; e, MZUC-UCCC 8156; a, clubs of surface layer of top of colony; b, spindles of interior of top of colony; c, clubs of surface layer of base of colony; d, spindles of interior of base of colony; e, clubs of surface layer of top of colony. Scale 0.10 mm.
FIGURE 3 in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 3. Lateral views of polyp armature; a, RMNH Coel. 34935, holotype Alcyonium glaciophilum; b, RMNH Coel. 34940, A. haddoni; c, RMNH Coel. 34938, A. haddoni; d, RMNH Coel. 34942, holotype A. jorgei; e, RMNH Coel. 34946, holotype A. roseum. Scale 0.10 mm.
FIGURE 6 in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 6. Alcyonium haddoni Wright & Studer, RMNH Coel. 34937; a, collaret spindles; b, point clubs; c, tentacular rods; d, clubs of surface layer of top of colony; e, spindles of interior of top of colony; f, spindles of interior of base of colony; g, clubs of surface layer of base of colony. Scale 0.10 mm.
FIGURE 1. a, RMNH Coel. 34935, holotype Alcyonium glaciophilum n in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 1. a, RMNH Coel. 34935, holotype Alcyonium glaciophilum n. sp.; b, A. grandis ZSM 20061187; c, A. grandis RMNH Coel. 34936; d, two syntypes of A. haddoni; e, A. haddoni RMNH Coel. 34937; f, A. haddoni RMNH Coel. 34938; g, RMNH Coel. 34942, holotype of A. jorgei; h, RMNH Coel. 34946, holotype of A. roseum; i, RMNH Coel. 34948, holotype of A. yepayek. Scales 1 cm, that at c only applies to c, that at h only to h.
FIGURE 9. Alcyonium roseum n in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 9. Alcyonium roseum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 34946; a–b, anthocodial spindles; c, clubs of tentacle bases; d, tentacular rods; e, clubs of surface layer of top of lobe; f, spindles of interior of top of lobe; g, capstans and clubs of membrane; h, spindles of membrane. Scale 0.10 mm, that at a only applies to a, that at b to all others.
FIGURE 2 in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 2. Live colonies; a, holotype Alcyonium glaciophilum; b–c, A. haddoni; d–e, A. jorgei; f, holotype A. roseum; g, paratype A. roseum; h, A. yepayek.
FIGURE 5 in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 5. Alcyonium grandis Casas et al., RMNH Coel. 34936; a–b, collaret spindles, c, point clubs; d, capstans of calyces; e, club-like spindles of calyces; f–g, spindles of calyces; h, capstans of membrane, i, spindles of membrane. Scales 0.10 mm, that at a also applies to f, that at c to all others.
FIGURE 4. Alcyonium glaciophilum n in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 4. Alcyonium glaciophilum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 34935; a–b, collaret spindles; c, point clubs; d, tentacular rods; e, clubs of surface layer of top of colony; f–g, spindles of interior of top of colony; h, rods of interior of top of colony; i, spindles of interior of base of colony; j, rods of interior of base of colony; k, clubs of surface layer of base of colony. Scales 0.10 mm, that at b also applies to f, that at a to all others.
FIGURE 8. Alcyonium jorgei n in The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile
FIGURE 8. Alcyonium jorgei n. sp.; a–h, holotype RMNH Coel. 34942; i–k, RMNH Coel. 34944; a, collaret spindles; b, point clubs; c, tentacular rods; d, clubs of surface layer of top of colony; e, spindles of interior of top of colony; f, clubs of surface layer of base of colony; g, capstans of surface of base of colony; h, spindles and rods of interior of base of colony; i, clubs of surface layer of base of colony; j, spindles of interior of base of colony; k, rods of interior of base of colony. Scales 0.10 mm, that at a applies also to e, that at f to all others.
FIGURE 7. Alcyonium dolium n in Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa
FIGURE 7. Alcyonium dolium n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40204 (SAF292). a, sclerites from collaret and points of polyp; b, tentacle sclerites; c, spindles from polyparium surface; d, clubs from polyparium surface; e, radiates from polyparium surface; f, spindle from polyparium interior; g, needles from polyparium interior, different scale; h, tuberculate spheroids from surface and interior of stalk; i, barrels from surface and interior of stalk; j, radiates from surface and interior of stalk. Scale at g applies only to sclerites at g; scale at b applies to all others.
FIGURE 8. Alcyonium variabile RMNH Coel. 40203 in Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa
FIGURE 8. Alcyonium variabile RMNH Coel. 40203 (SAF390). a, polyp sclerites; b, spindles from polyparium surface; c, needles from polyparium interior, different scale; d, clubs from surface of polyparium and stalk; e, f, radiates from surface of polyparium and stalk; g, radiates from base of stalk. Scale at c applies only to sclerites at c; scale at d applies to all others.
Multiple locus phylogeography to evaluate the diversity of the Cold Water Soft Coral Alcyonium spp. (Anthozoa, Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) between South America and West Antarctic Peninsula
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>The Antarctic marine environment has a unique geologic and climatic history that has contributed to the evolution of a diverse range of species. With the environment undergoing warming trends, it is critical to understand the history of Antarctic species to anticipate the effect of environmental changes on ecosystem functioning. Soft corals are a crucial component of the benthic marine assemblage of the Southern Ocean, which is recognized as a biodiversity hotspot. Nevertheless, our comprehension of the biogeographical patterns and distribution of this group in the Southern Ocean is insufficient. In this study, we used molecular phylogenetic reconstructions, divergence estimations, and species delimitations to examine the spatial patterns of genetic diversity in shallow-sea octocorals of the <em>Alcyonium </em>spp. in the Southern Ocean and adjacent regions, utilizing DNA sequences (mtMutS-COI and 28S) and Genomic Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. The study revealed significant genetic differences between different populations, with a clear genetic break observed between SA and WAP populations. We also identified four putative species or evolutionary independent units (EIUs), with one putative species found in the West Antarctic Peninsula, one in the Patagonian region, and two found in Burdwood Bank and Falkland Island, respectively. The divergence time estimation indicated that the diversification process of Alcyonium began about 7.2 million years ago, with the initial separation occurring between WAP and SA populations. Furthermore, the study emphasized the critical role played by the Scotia Sea islands, especially Burdwood Bank, in the evolution of Southern Ocean biota. Overall, the findings provide evidence for the existence of multiple species within the genus <em>Alcyonium</em> and information on the evolutionary history of this group for the first time in the Southern Ocean.</span></p>
Multiple locus phylogeography to evaluate the diversity of the Cold Water Soft Coral Alcyonium spp. (Anthozoa, Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) between South America and West Antarctic Peninsula
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Fig. 23 in Dead man's fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Fig. 23. Kotatea niwa gen. et sp. nov., holotype (MAGNT C015226), SEMs of sclerites. A. Base surface. B. Base interior. C. Polyps (in situ).
Figure 1 from: Sampaio Í, Stokvis FR, van Ofwegen LP (2016) New name for the soft coral Alcyonium rubrum Stokvis & van Ofwegen, 2006 (Alcyonacea, Alcyoniidae): Alcyonium burmedju nom. n. ZooKeys 619: 163-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.619.10086
Figure 1 - Holotype (RMNH Coel. 33879) of Alcyonium rubrum Stokvis & van Ofwegen, 2006, renamed Alcyonium burmedju nom. n. a Fishing rope serving as substrate for the encrusting soft coral (scale bar: 10 mm) b Detail of the colony. Scale bar: 5 mm.
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