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Fig. 2 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 2. (A) Phellopsis obcordata, dorsal habitus. (B) Fomitopsis ochracea, newly recorded host. (C) Records of P. obcordata and Fomitopsis spp. within Great Smoky Mountains National Park with historic land uses. Outlined areas on the map indicate areas searched during this study in 2019 and 2021. All records outside and some records inside of the areas searched are from iNaturalist and previous literature.

Fig. 1 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 1. Map of the southern Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern United States, showing collecting areas within National Forests and Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP). Inset shows the region within the United States.

Fig. 5 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 5. Probability of occurrence within Great Smoky Mountains National Park of (A) Phellopsis obcordata based on distance from the nearest undisturbed forest (0 indicates inside undisturbed areas), and (B) Megalodacne heros based on elevation.

Fig. 4 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 4. Boxplots of (A) elevation, (B) tree diameter, and (C) basal area among sampled historic disturbance classes in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Fig. 3 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 3. (A) Megalodacne heros, dorsal habitus. (B) Ganoderma tsugae. (C) Records of M. heros and host Ganoderma spp. within Great Smoky Mountains National Park with historic land uses. Outlined areas on the map indicate areas searched during this study in 2019 and 2021.All records outside and some records inside of the areas searched are from iNaturalist.

FIGURE 5 in Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA

FIGURE 5. Live color of A) adult male and B) adult female C. ectopistes sp. nov. from the Pigeon River, NC. Photos by Michael Perkins and W.T. Russ (North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission).

FIGURE 6 in Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA

FIGURE 6. Maps (A. relief, B. HUC 10 boundaries) showing the distribution of C. ectopistes sp. nov. in the Pigeon River (PR), French Broad River (FB), Nolichucky River (NOL), and Cane River (CANE) systems. * Denotes the sampling locality on Paint Creek, Tennessee.

FIGURE 3 in Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA

FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic representation of the IQTREE-estimated maximum likelihood tree of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI). A dotted box encompasses the clade representing Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., whereas a solid grey box encompasses the clade we consider to represent Cambarus robustus s.s. Bootstrap values of 50 or greater are shown at associated nodes.

FIGURE 2 in Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA

FIGURE 2. Two-dimensional non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot showing differences in morphological characters between C. ectopistes sp. nov. (n = 36) and C. robustus s.s. (n = 16) (stress = 0.0686, linear fit R2 = 0.988.) Vectors reflect the strength of correlation of each of eight significant characters in relation to the NMDS axes. Length (L), width (W), depth (D), total carapace length (TCL), carapace width (CW).

FIGURE 4 in Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA

FIGURE 4. Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov.: (A) lateral cephalothorax; (B) dorsal cephalothorax; (C) epistome; (D) antennal scale; (E) dorsal right chela; (F) mesial form I gonopod; (G) lateral form I gonopod; (H) annulus ventralis; (I) mesial form II gonopod; (J) lateral form II gonopod. A–G from holotype (NCSM 90193); H from allotype (NCSM 90194); and I–J from morphotype (NCSM 90195).

FIGURE 1 in Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA

FIGURE 1. Map showing localities of all specimens examined for this study, including newly sampled material and individuals in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) Non-molluscan Invertebrates Collection originally identified as Cambarus robustus, C. cf. robustus, or C. (Puncticambarus) sp.

FIGURE 8 in Cambarus ectopistes sp. nov., a new stream-dwelling crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the French Broad, Pigeon, and Nolichucky River watersheds in the Appalachian Mountain region of North Carolina and Tennessee, USA

FIGURE 8. Intraspecific variation in C. ectopistes sp. nov. occurs most notably in the shape of the rostrum. A, Nolichucky and Cane Rivers; B, French Broad and Pigeon Rivers.

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. C. t. townsendii Cooper, 1837 — broadly distributed from SW Canada (British Columbia including Vancouver I) S along Pacific coast of USA to coastal regions of Sonoran Desert in Mexico, and E to Colorado Plateau and Black Hills. C. t. australis Handley, 1955 — SC USA (W Texas) S across mountains of N & C Mexico and Chihuahuan Desert to Oaxaca. C. t. ingens Handley, 1955 — S Missouri, E Oklahoma, and NW Arkansas (C USA). C. t. pallescens G. S. Miller, 1897 — S Wyoming or N Colorado S to New Mexico (USA). C. t. virgitnianus Handley, 1955 — C Appalachian Highlands in E Kentucky, W Virginia, and West Virginia (E USA). in Vespertilionidae

Subspecies and Distribution. C. t. townsendii Cooper, 1837 — broadly distributed from SW Canada (British Columbia including Vancouver I) S along Pacific coast of USA to coastal regions of Sonoran Desert in Mexico, and E to Colorado Plateau and Black Hills. C. t. australis Handley, 1955 — SC USA (W Texas) S across mountains of N & C Mexico and Chihuahuan Desert to Oaxaca. C. t. ingens Handley, 1955 — S Missouri, E Oklahoma, and NW Arkansas (C USA). C. t. pallescens G. S. Miller, 1897 — S Wyoming or N Colorado S to New Mexico (USA). C. t. virgitnianus Handley, 1955 — C Appalachian Highlands in E Kentucky, W Virginia, and West Virginia (E USA).

opennotspecifiedJul 2016View details →

On following pages: 18. Omilteme Cottontail (Sylvilagus insonus); 19. Common Tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis); 20 Cottontail (Sylvilagus dice); 23. Mexican Cottontail (Sylvilagus cunicularius); 24. Tres Marias Cottontail (Sylvilagus Robust Cottontail (Sylvilagus robustus); 28. Manzano Mountain Cottontail (Sylvilagus cognatus); 29. Hispid Hare (. Central American Tapeti (Sylvilagus gabbi); 21. Venezuelan Lowland Rabbit (Sylvilagus varynaensis), 22. Dice's graysoni); 25. Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus); 26. Appalachian Cottontail (Sylvilagus obscurus); 27. Caprolagus hispidus); 30. Bunyoro Rabbit (Poelagus marjorita); 31. European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). in Leporidae

On following pages: 18. Omilteme Cottontail (Sylvilagus insonus); 19. Common Tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis); 20 Cottontail (Sylvilagus dice); 23. Mexican Cottontail (Sylvilagus cunicularius); 24. Tres Marias Cottontail (Sylvilagus Robust Cottontail (Sylvilagus robustus); 28. Manzano Mountain Cottontail (Sylvilagus cognatus); 29. Hispid Hare (. Central American Tapeti (Sylvilagus gabbi); 21. Venezuelan Lowland Rabbit (Sylvilagus varynaensis), 22. Dice's graysoni); 25. Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus); 26. Appalachian Cottontail (Sylvilagus obscurus); 27. Caprolagus hispidus); 30. Bunyoro Rabbit (Poelagus marjorita); 31. European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

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Data from: Habitat patch use by fishers in the deciduous forest-dominated landscape of the central Appalachian Mountains, USA

Fishers (Pekania pennanti) are often associated with the coniferous and mixed forests of the northern United States and central Canada, and their ecology has been studied extensively in portions of their distributional range. Recently, natural range expansion and reintroductions have led to recolonization by fishers of portions of the central Appalachian Mountains, USA, where deciduous forest is the dominant vegetation type. We used noninvasive hair snare surveys and microsatellite genetic analysis to detect fishers in the central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania, USA. We used these detections within an occupancy modeling framework to explore habitat patch use by fishers and the forest characteristics and land use features that influenced it. We found that the likelihood of patch use by fishers was related to forests with higher proportions of low-density residential areas. Our results also suggested lower road densities might be related to higher likelihood of fisher patch use. Fishers in Pennsylvania tolerated some forms of land development. Patch use was not driven by forest type or canopy cover, at least within our deciduous forest-dominated study areas. Future research identifying the threshold values at which forest cover and land development affect patch use by fishers in the central Appalachian Mountains will better inform management decisions with respect to sites for future reintroduction of fishers.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Fig. 4 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 4. Boxplots of (A) elevatioc, (B) tree diameter, acd (C) basal area amocg sampled historic distkrbacce classes ic Great Smoky Mokctaics Natiocal Park.

Fig. 1 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 1. Map of the soktherc Appalachiac Mokctaics ic the soktheasterc Ucited States, showicg collecticg areas withic Natiocal Forests acd Great Smoky Mokctaics Natiocal Park (GSMNP). Icset shows the regioc withic the Ucited States.

Fig. 2 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 2. (A) Phellopsis obcordata, dorsal habitks. (B) Fomitopsis ochracea, cewly recorded host. (C) Records of P. obcordata acd Fomitopsis spp. withic Great Smoky Mokctaics Natiocal Park with historic lacd kses. Oktliced areas oc the map icdicate areas searched dkricg this stkdy ic 2019 acd 2021. All records oktside acd some records icside of the areas searched are from iNatkralist acd previoks literatkre.

Fig. 5 in Assessing the Old-Growth Dependency of Two Saproxylic Beetle Species in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Fig. 5. Probability of occkrrecce withic Great Smoky Mokctaics Natiocal Park of (A) Phellopsis obcordata based oc distacce from the cearest kcdistkrbed forest (0 icdicates icside kcdistkrbed areas), acd (B) Megalodacne heros based oc elevatioc.