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85 results for “Aquatic community”
Effects of warming on structure of aquatic communities in tropical bromeliad microecosystems
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Hydrological connectivity and local environment alternately drive spatial structure of floodplain aquatic community across season
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Data from: Increased duration of aquatic resource pulse alters community and ecosystem responses in a subarctic plant community
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Experimental disturbance and productivity gradients drive community diversity in aquatic mesocosms
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Stronger effect of individual species’ traits than shading on aquatic plant community productivity and interspecific competition
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Something in the water: Aquatic microbial communities influence the larval amphibian gut microbiota, neurodevelopment, and behavior
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Data from: Communities at the extreme: aquatic food webs in desert landscapes
Studying food webs across contrasting abiotic conditions is an important tool in understanding how environmental variability impacts community structure and ecosystem dynamics. The study of extreme environments provides insight into community-wide level responses to environmental pressures with relevance to the future management of aquatic ecosystems. In the western Lake Eyre Basin of arid Australia, there are two characteristic and contrasting aquatic habitats: springs and rivers. Permanent isolated Great Artesian Basin springs represent hydrologically persistent environments in an arid desert landscape. In contrast, hydrologically variable river waterholes are ephemeral in space and time. We comprehensively sampled aquatic assemblages in contrasting ecosystem types to assess patterns in community composition and to quantify food web attributes with stable isotopes. Springs and rivers were found to have markedly different invertebrate communities, with rivers dominated by more dispersive species and springs associated with species that show high local endemism. Qualitative assessment of basal resources shows autochthonous carbon appears be a key basal resource in both types of habitat, although the particular sources differed between habitats. Food-web variables such as trophic length, trophic breadth and community isotopic niche size were relatively similar in the two habitat types. The basis for the similarity in food-web structure despite differences in community composition appears to be broader isotopic niches for predatory invertebrates and fish in springs as compared with rivers. In contrast to published theory, our findings suggest that the food webs of the hydrologically variable river sites may show less dietary generalisation and more compact food-web modules than in springs.
eDNA metabarcoding in lakes to quantify influences of landscape features and human activity on aquatic invasive species prevalence and fish community diversity
<p>Aim: Our goal was to use eDNA metabarcoding to characterize fish community diversity, detect aquatic invasive species (AIS), and assess how measures of community (or AIS) diversity are influenced by lake physical and environmental covariates, measures of hydrological connectivity, and human accessibility.<br> Location: Michigan, USA.<br> Methods: eDNA samples collected from 22 lakes were sequenced using two mitochondrial gene regions (12S and 16S rRNA). Metabarcoding data were compared to traditional fisheries survey data for a subset of lakes, and data from all 22 lakes were combined with environmental information to identify significant associations with community diversity and AIS relative abundance.<br> Results: Occupancy modeling indicated that detection probabilities were generally higher with eDNA than traditional fisheries gear. Measures of connectivity with upstream aquatic habitats were positively associated with both AIS relative abundance and fish species diversity. We also demonstrate the use of spatial interpolation methods to map distributions of species diversity and AIS relative abundance within lakes.<br> Conclusions: eDNA metabarcoding methods provided information on the composition and diversity of fish assemblages and the presence of AIS in freshwater lakes that varied greatly in drainage connectivity and anthropogenic development. Our case study identified associations between environmental covariates and fish diversity or AIS relative abundance across lakes. This information is of particular importance given increasing anthropogenic disturbance, invasive species spread, and associated declines in aquatic biodiversity. Incorporating eDNA metabarcoding as a supplement to traditional fisheries surveys will permit managers to identify greater numbers of taxa, including early detection of AIS, with less field effort and fish mortality. Further, eDNA methods may more accurately identify physical and biological features that correlate with diversity and abundance, and allow agencies to more effectively direct AIS management activities. </p>
Invasive species and biotic homogenization in temperate aquatic plant communities
<p>Aim: Biotic homogenization (BH), a reduction in the distinctness of species composition between geographically separated ecological communities in a region, is an important but underappreciated potential consequence of biological invasions. While BH theory has always considered invasions, it has generally been in a relatively narrow context, i.e., that the cosmopolitan nature of invasive species increases BH because of their shared presence across many locations. We sought to evaluate this component of BH as well as broader effects of invasive species on BH through changes in native communities, including overall reductions in species richness or shifts in species composition.</p> <p>Location: Minnesota, USA</p> <p>Time Period: 2002-2014</p> <p>Major Taxa Studied: Aquatic macrophytes, including both vascular plants and attached macroalgae.</p> <p>Methods: We used surveys of aquatic macrophyte communities from 1,102 shallow lakes in Minnesota, USA (including 248 lakes with repeated surveys) to evaluate relationships between invasion, native species, and BH.</p> <p>Results: We found that the presence of invasive species was associated with BH and that this pattern was reflected in both the total community (i.e., with invasive species included) and in the composition of the native species community alone. We found that invaded lakes were more compositionally similar to each other than uninvaded lakes, but that both groups were becoming more similar over time—despite neither group exhibiting declines in species richness. This pattern was largely driven by shifts in the native community itself, with common species becoming more widespread and rare species becoming rarer.</p> <p>Main Conclusions: Invasive species increase measures of community similarity through their own presence in multiple locations, and also by influencing the composition of native species. These patterns have important implications for conservation and management and suggest that BH should be considered more widely in evaluating the impacts of biological invasions and developing response strategies.</p>
Data from: Leaf litter diversity and structure of microbial decomposer communities modulate litter decomposition in aquatic systems
1. Leaf litter decomposition is a major ecosystem process that can link aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems by flows of nutrients. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research hypothesizes that the global loss of species leads to impaired decomposition rates and thus to slower recycling of nutrients. Especially in aquatic systems an understanding of diversity effects on litter decomposition is still incomplete. 2. Here we conducted an experiment to test two main factors associated with global species loss that might influence leaf litter decomposition. Firstly, we tested whether mixing different leaf species alters litter decomposition rates compared to decomposition of these species in monoculture. Secondly, we tested the effect of the size structure of a lotic decomposer community on decomposition rates. 3. Overall, leaf litter identity strongly affected decomposition rates, and the observed decomposition rates matched measures of metabolic activity and microbial abundances. While we found some evidence of a positive leaf litter diversity effect on decomposition, this effect was not coherent across all litter combinations and the effect was generally additive and not synergistic. 4. Microbial communities, with a reduced functional and trophic complexity, showed a small but significant overall reduction in decomposition rates compared to communities with the naturally complete functional and trophic complexity, highlighting the importance of a complete microbial community on ecosystem functioning. 5. Our results suggest that top-down diversity effects of the decomposer community on litter decomposition in aquatic systems are of comparable importance as bottom-up diversity effects of primary producers.
Data from: How to characterize chemical exposure to predict ecologic effects on aquatic communities?
Reliable characterization of exposure is indispensable for ecological risk assessment of chemicals. To deal with mixtures, several approaches have been developed, but their relevance for predicting ecological effects on communities in the field has not been elucidated. In the present study, we compared nine metrics designed for estimating the total toxicity of mixtures regarding their relationship with an effect metric for stream macroinvertebrates. This was done using monitoring data of biota and organic chemicals, mainly pesticides, from five studies comprising 102 streams in several regions of Europe and South-East Australia. Mixtures of less than 10 pesticides per water sample were most common for concurrent exposure. Exposure metrics based on the 5% fraction of a species sensitivity distribution performed best, closely followed by metrics based on the most sensitive species and Daphnia magna as benchmark. Considering only the compound with the highest toxicity and ignoring mixture toxicity was sufficient to estimate toxicity in predominantly agricultural regions with pesticide exposure. The multisubstance Potentially Affected Fraction (msPAF) that combines concentration and response addition was advantageous in the study where further organic toxicants occurred. We give recommendations on exposure metric selection depending on data availability and the involved compounds.
Data from: Quantifying the importance of functional traits for primary production in aquatic plant communities
1. Aquatic plant meadows are important coastal habitats that sustain many ecosystem functions such as primary production and carbon sequestration. Currently, there is a knowledge gap in understanding which plant functional traits e.g. leaf size or plant height underlie primary production in aquatic plant communities. 2. To study how plant traits are related to primary production, we conducted a field survey in the Baltic Sea, Finland, which is characterized by high plant species and functional diversity. 30 sites along an exposure gradient were sampled (150 plots) and nine plant morphological and chemical traits measured. The aim was to discern how community-weighted mean traits affect community production and whether this relationship changes along an environmental gradient using structural equation modelling (SEM). 3. Plant height had a direct positive effect on production along the exposure gradient (r = 0.33) and indirect effects through two leaf chemical traits, Leaf δ15N and Leaf δ13C (r = 0.24 and 0.18 respectively) resulting in a total effect of 0.28. In plant communities experiencing varying exposure, traits such as root N concentration and leaf δ15N had positive and negative effects on production, respectively. 4. Synthesis: Our results demonstrate that the relationship between plant functional traits and community production is variable and changes over environmental gradients. Plant height generally has a positive effect on community production along an exposure gradient, while the link between other traits and production changes in plant communities experiencing varying degrees of exposure. Thus, the underlying biological mechanisms influencing production differ in plant communities, emphasizing the need to resolve variability and its drivers in real-world communities. Importantly, functionally diverse plant communities sustain ecosystem functioning differently and highlight the importance of benthic diversity for coastal ecosystem stability.
Data from: Forest management intensity affects aquatic communities in artificial tree holes
Forest management could potentially affect organisms in all forest habitats. However, aquatic communities in water-filled tree-holes may be especially sensitive because of small population sizes, the risk of drought and potential dispersal limitation. We set up artificial tree holes in forest stands subject to different management intensities in two regions in Germany and assessed the influence of local environmental properties (tree-hole opening type, tree diameter, water volume and water temperature) as well as regional drivers (forest management intensity, tree-hole density) on tree-hole insect communities (not considering other organisms such as nematodes or rotifers), detritus content, oxygen and nutrient concentrations. In addition, we compared data from artificial tree holes with data from natural tree holes in the same area to evaluate the methodological approach of using tree-hole analogues. We found that forest management had strong effects on communities in artificial tree holes in both regions and across the season. Abundance and species richness declined, community composition shifted and detritus content declined with increasing forest management intensity. Environmental variables, such as tree-hole density and tree diameter partly explained these changes. However, dispersal limitation, indicated by effects of tree-hole density, generally showed rather weak impacts on communities. Artificial tree holes had higher water temperatures (on average 2°C higher) and oxygen concentrations (on average 25% higher) than natural tree holes. The abundance of organisms was higher but species richness was lower in artificial tree holes. Community composition differed between artificial and natural tree holes. Negative management effects were detectable in both tree-hole systems, despite their abiotic and biotic differences. Our results indicate that forest management has substantial and pervasive effects on tree-hole communities and may alter their structure and functioning. We furthermore conclude that artificial tree-hole analogues represent a useful experimental alternative to test effects of changes in forest management on natural communities.
From soil to sediment: Bedform migration shapes microbial communities from eroding bank soil during terrestrial-aquatic regime shift [dataset]
<p>This dataset contains raw data of metabolism measurements, microbial abundance, and nutrients that were assessed for the research paper entitled "From soil to sediment: Bedform migration shapes microbial communities from eroding bank soil during terrestrial-aquatic regime shift," which has been submitted to the Journal of Geophysics: Biogeosciences on October 19, 2024. Please note that raw sequencing data were already submitted to the NCBI library and are accessible via https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov./sra/PRJNA1154565.</p> <p>The excel sheet (.xlsx) contains all relevant parameters that were used to detect the influence of environmental parameters on the microbial community structure, e.g. bacterial, fungal and algal abundance, nutrient concentrations, and final NCP and CR rates. The .zip archive contains all raw metabolism measurements during our experimental duration.</p>
Data from: Aquatic community structure across an Andes-to-Amazon fluvial gradient
Aim: Little is known about factors affecting the elevational and longitudinal zonation of tropical Andean stream communities. We investigated epilithon, macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages along a 4100-m elevational–longitudinal gradient in an Andean headwater of the Amazon Basin. We interpret our results within the context of environmental factors, emphasizing temperature, as well as ecological theory relating shifts in metazoan functional feeding groups to shifts in basal resources along the fluvial continuum. Location: Arazá-Inambari-Madre de Dios watershed, south-eastern Peru. Methods: We sampled water physicochemistry, epilithon and macroinvertebrate diversity and abundance, and fish diversity at 18 main-stem and 14 tributary sites from high puna grasslands (4300 m a.s.l.) to Amazon Basin lowlands (200 m a.s.l.). Results: Water physicochemical parameters and the taxonomic and ecological structure of invertebrate and fish assemblages displayed mostly nonlinear responses to elevation: water temperature and percentage of macroinvertebrate taxa identified as leaf shredders had U-shaped responses; dissolved oxygen and percentage of macroinvertebrate taxa identified as grazers had hump-shaped responses. Epilithon richness increased slightly with elevation whereas macroinvertebrate and fish richness decreased. Main conclusions: Elevational gradients in physicochemical parameters are insufficient to explain abrupt and nonlinear shifts in community taxonomic and functional structure. Rather, trophic interactions, including predation and longitudinal turnover in basal food resources, seem to exert a stronger influence on the distributions of Andean aquatic organisms. A steep elevational decline in relative taxonomic diversity of leaf-shredding (versus algae-grazing) insects supports the hypothesis that temperature affects the functional composition of insect assemblages via its influence on microbial decomposition rates. This relationship, and the distributions of several insect and fish species across narrow elevational bands, suggests that Andean stream communities may be sensitive to global warming. Placer mining and road building impacts have already altered stream community structure, including the absence of many benthic species from low-elevation habitats.
Figure 2 in A quantitative survey of the aquatic invertebrate community in the "Monumento natural Salar de Surire" on the Chilean Altiplano
Figure 2. Interaction plot from the two-way ANOVA, including site (three levels) and year (four levels) as factors, and the Shannon diversity index of aquatic invertebrates (log-transformed) as the response variable. The "hot spring" site was not included in this analysis since it never yielded more than one species (i.e. zero diversity). See Results for details.
Invasive species and biotic homogenization in temperate aquatic plant communities
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eDNA metabarcoding in lakes to quantify influences of landscape features and human activity on aquatic invasive species prevalence and fish community diversity
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Data from: How to characterize chemical exposure to predict ecologic effects on aquatic communities?
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Data from: Aquatic community structure across an Andes-to-Amazon fluvial gradient
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.