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100 results for “Aquatic insects”
Patch size drives colonization by aquatic insects, with minor priority effects of a cohabitant
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A high-quality genome of the dobsonfly Neoneuromus ignobilis reveals molecular convergences in aquatic insects
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Data from: Animal-mediated organic matter transformation: aquatic insects as a source of microbially bioavailable organic nutrients and energy
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Match and mismatch: Integrating consumptive effects of predators, prey traits, and habitat selection in colonizing aquatic insects
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Latitudinal patterns of aquatic insect emergence driven by climate
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Data from: Dispersal ability and habitat requirements determine landscape-level genetic patterns in desert aquatic insects
Species occupying the same geographic range can exhibit remarkably different population structures across the landscape, ranging from highly diversified to panmictic. Given limitations on collecting population-level data for large numbers of species, ecologists seek to identify proximate organismal traits—such as dispersal ability, habitat preference and life history—that are strong predictors of realized population structure. We examined how dispersal ability and habitat structure affect the regional balance of gene flow and genetic drift within three aquatic insects that represent the range of dispersal abilities and habitat requirements observed in desert stream insect communities. For each species, we tested for linear relationships between genetic distances and geographic distances using Euclidean and landscape-based metrics of resistance. We found that the moderate-disperser Mesocapnia arizonensis (Plecoptera: Capniidae) has a strong isolation-by-distance pattern, suggesting migration–drift equilibrium. By contrast, population structure in the flightless Abedus herberti (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae) is influenced by genetic drift, while gene flow is the dominant force in the strong-flying Boreonectes aequinoctialis (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). The best-fitting landscape model for M. arizonensis was based on Euclidean distance. Analyses also identified a strong spatial scale-dependence, where landscape genetic methods only performed well for species that were intermediate in dispersal ability. Our results highlight the fact that when either gene flow or genetic drift dominates in shaping population structure, no detectable relationship between genetic and geographic distances is expected at certain spatial scales. This study provides insight into how gene flow and drift interact at the regional scale for these insects as well as the organisms that share similar habitats and dispersal abilities.
Data from: Aquatic insects rich in omega-3 fatty acids drive breeding success in a widespread bird
Ecologists studying bird foraging ecology have generally focused on food quantity over quality. Emerging work suggests that food quality, in terms of highly unsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (HUFA), can have equally important effects on performance. HUFA, which are present in aquatic primary producers, are all but absent in vascular plants, and HUFA content is also correspondingly higher in aquatic insects. Here, we show that Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) chicks rapidly accumulate HUFA from food during the nestling period. Using data sampled over 24 years, we also show that Tree Swallow breeding success is positively associated with the availability of HUFA-rich aquatic insects. Variation in aquatic insect biomass during chick development was a strong predictor of fledging success, while variation in terrestrial insects had little effect on fledging success. Our results highlight the potential for nutritional mismatches between insectivores and high-quality prey to affect avian reproductive performance.
Data from: Insect herbivory on native and exotic aquatic plants: phosphorus and nitrogen drive insect growth and nutrient release
Eutrophication and globalisation facilitate the dominance of exotic plants in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Aquatic omnivores can provide biotic resistance to plant invasions, but little is known about whether obligate aquatic herbivores can do the same. Herbivores such as insects can decimate aquatic vegetation, but may not be able to consume exotic plants due to their more or less specialised nature of feeding. We experimentally tested the larval feeding of an aquatic insect, the moth Parapoynx stratiotata, on eleven submerged plant species, from either native or exotic origin. We also tested whether insect herbivory stimulates nutrient and organic matter release, thus affecting water quality. Larvae of P. stratiotata consumed seven out of eleven plant species, and their growth was related to plant nutrient content and stoichiometry. However, larvae had no preference for either native or exotic macrophytes, and their plant preference was not related to the measured plant traits, but was possibly driven by secondary metabolites. Through plant consumption, caterpillars induced brownification and phosphate release, and the intensity thereof varied among plant species, but not between native and exotic plants. In conclusion, P. stratiotata showed strong feeding preferences demonstrating that aquatic insects can directly and indirectly alter water quality and vegetation composition.
Data from: Colonization across gradients of risk and reward: nutrients and predators generate species-specific responses among aquatic insects
1. Predation risk and resource abundance are two primary characteristics that determine species abundances and community composition. Colonizing organisms should attempt to minimize the risk of mortality and maximize growth through selection of patches with the highest expected fitness. However, maximizing fitness across multiple gradients of patch quality involves accurate cue assessment, integration, and behavioral responses that consider multiple factors that affect fitness simultaneously. 2. Our goal was to simultaneously and factorially assess the effects of predation risk and resource abundance among an assemblage of aquatic insects to determine the relative importance of each factor, and whether the two factors interact to affect colonization, oviposition, and community assembly. 3. We conducted a field mesocosm experiment in which we crossed predator density (0, 1, 2 fish, Fundulus chrysotus) with supplemental nutrient abundance (0, 4, 8 g rabbit chow) in a 3 × 3 factorial design. We then assayed colonization by natural populations of aquatic beetles and oviposition by Culex mosquitoes. 4. We observed species-specific responses, with many species avoiding fish and some selecting habitats with more nutrients. Nutrients and predator presence only interactively affected oviposition by Culex mosquitoes, and the effect of fish presence exceeded that of nutrients in all but one analysis. 5. Our results illustrate the primacy of predation risk in generating colonization patterns and structuring communities in aquatic habitats, but that colonization responses to variation in multiple components of patch quality are often species-specific. Simultaneous assessments of multiple aspects of patch quality allow for the determination of potential interactions among cue sources and the relative importance of various patch characteristics to colonizers.
FIGURES 2–8 in Subfossils of extinct and extant species of Simuliidae (Diptera) from Austral and Cook Islands (Polynesia): anthropogenic extirpation of an aquatic insect?
FIGURES 2–8. Simulium (I.) teruamanga. Fig. 2. Dorsal view of head of extant larva. Matavera Stream, Rarotonga (scale bar 0.1 mm). Fig. 3. Hypostoma and postgenal cleft of extant larva (scale bar 0.05 mm). Fig. 4. Hypostoma of extant larva (scale bar 0.02 mm). Fig. 5. Hypostoma, postgenal cleft and genae of subfossil larva. Near outlet Tamarua East swamp, Mangaia (scale bar 0.1 mm). Fig. 6. Hypostoma of subfossil larva. Near outlet Tamarua East swamp, Mangaia (scale bar 0.02 mm). Fig. 7. Hypostoma, postgenal cleft, frontoclypeal apotome and antenna of subfossil larva. Near Lake Te Roto, Atiu (scale bar 0.1 mm). Fig. 8. Hypostoma of subfossil larva. Near Lake Te Roto, Atiu (scale bar 0.02 mm).
FIGURE 1 in Subfossils of extinct and extant species of Simuliidae (Diptera) from Austral and Cook Islands (Polynesia): anthropogenic extirpation of an aquatic insect?
FIGURE 1. Distribution of known simuliid material on Cook and Austral Islands. Simulium (I.) teruamanga—squares, S. (I.) rurutuense—circles. Simulium (I.) raivavaense—asterisk. Solid shapes indicates extant species, stippled subfossil material. (Adapted from Craig et al. 2001).
FIGURES 9–17. 9–13 in Subfossils of extinct and extant species of Simuliidae (Diptera) from Austral and Cook Islands (Polynesia): anthropogenic extirpation of an aquatic insect?
FIGURES 9–17. 9–13. Simulium (I.) rurutuense. Fig. 9. Dorsal view of head of extant larva. Vaipapa Stream, Rurutu (scale bar 0.1 mm). Fig. 10. Hypostoma and postgenal cleft of extant larva (scale bar 0.1 mm). Fig. 11. Hypostoma of extant larva (scale bar 0.02 mm). Fig. 12. Hypostoma, postgenal cleft and genae of subfossil larva. Mihiura Swamp, Tubuai (scale bar 0.1 mm). Fig. 13. Hypostoma of subfossil larva (scale bar 0.05 mm). 14–17. Simulium (I.) raivavaense. Near Rairua, Raivavae. Fig. 14. Frontoclypeal apotome of extinct subfossil larva—note anteromedial palatal brush (scale bar 0.05 mm). Fig.15. Hypostoma, postgenal cleft and genae of extinct subfossil larva (scale bar 0.05 mm). Fig. 16. Hypostoma of last instar of extinct subfossil larva (scale bar 0.02 mm). Fig. 17. Hypostoma of probable penultimate instar of larva (scale bar 0.02 mm).
Data from: Experimental evidence for neonicotinoid driven decline in aquatic emerging insects
<p>There is an ongoing unprecedented loss in insects, both in terms of richness and biomass. The usage of pesticides, especially neonicotinoid insecticides, has been widely suggested to be a contributor to this decline. However, the risks of neonicotinoids to natural insect populations have remained largely unknown due to lack of field-realistic experiments. Here, we used an outdoor experiment to determine effects of field-realistic concentrations of the commonly applied neonicotinoid thiacloprid on the emergence of naturally assembled aquatic insect populations. Following application, all major orders of emerging aquatic insects (Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Trichoptera) declined strongly in both abundance and biomass. At the highest concentration (10 μg/L), emergence of most orders was nearly absent. Diversity of the most species-rich family, Chironomidae, decreased by 50% at more commonly observed concentrations (1 μg/L) and was generally reduced to a single species at the highest concentration. Our experimental findings thereby showcase a causal link of neonicotinoids and the ongoing insect decline. Given the urgency of the insect decline, our results highlight the need to reconsider the mass usage of neonicotinoids to preserve freshwater insects as well as the life and services depending on them.</p>
FIGURES 43–46. Smittium cylindrosporum from Chironomidae. 43. Thallus overview. 44, 46 in First record of trichomycetes associated with aquatic insects from Colombian Moorland and Andean forests
FIGURES 43–46. Smittium cylindrosporum from Chironomidae. 43. Thallus overview. 44, 46. Horseshoe-shaped holdfast (arrow) and trichospores. 45. Detail of cylindrical trichospores, sometimes with a slight medial bulge.
FIGURES 71–75 in First record of trichomycetes associated with aquatic insects from Colombian Moorland and Andean forests
FIGURES 71–75. Genistellospora sp. from Simuliidae. 71. Immature thallus, overview. Bar = 50 μm. 72. Discoid holdfast, attached to hindgut lining. 73. Young thallus, basal section with branches and holdfast (arrow). Bar = 25 μm. 74, 75. Ovoid loose trichospores (appendages not observable). Bar =25 μm.
FIGURES 12–16. Paramoebidium santanderensis from Baetidae. 12. Cylindrical thallus, with a in First record of trichomycetes associated with aquatic insects from Colombian Moorland and Andean forests
FIGURES 12–16. Paramoebidium santanderensis from Baetidae. 12. Cylindrical thallus, with a basal discoid holdfast (arrow), attached to hindgut lining. 13. One cystospore in the bottom (arrow) before germination, the other (arrowhead) after germination. 14–16. Cystospores (spore mother-cells), after germination, which remain attached to the apex of the growing thallus.
FIGURE 1 in First record of trichomycetes associated with aquatic insects from Colombian Moorland and Andean forests
FIGURE 1. Map of Colombia (1a) and Santander Province (1b), with the surveyed area of Bucaramaga indicated in Fig1b (dots).
FIGURE 11 in First record of trichomycetes associated with aquatic insects from Colombian Moorland and Andean forests
FIGURE 11. Gauthieromyces colombiensis from Baetidae. Line drawing. Thallus overview. Bc= basal cell. gc= generative cell. Fb= fertile branch. Tr= trichospore. Pr= propagules. Scale bar= 50 μm.
FIGURES 2–10. Gauthieromyces colombiensis from Baetidae. 2. Thallus overview. 3–5 in First record of trichomycetes associated with aquatic insects from Colombian Moorland and Andean forests
FIGURES 2–10. Gauthieromyces colombiensis from Baetidae. 2. Thallus overview. 3–5. Basal cell with holdfast material and short rhizoid-like branches (arrows). 6. Fertile branches overview. 7. Horseshoe-shaped trichospores on generative cells. Trichospore appendages observable inside the corresponding generative cells (arrows). 7b. Detail of an appendage inside a generative cell. 8. Loose trichospore with appendage. 9. Vegetative propagules attached to the basal cell (arrow). 10. Detail of the distal section of various propagules. Scale bar for Fig. 2 = 50 μm; for Figs 3–6, 9 = 25 μm; for Figs 7, 7b, 8, 10 = 10 μm.
FIGURES 56–60. Simuliomyces microsporus from Simuliidae. 56–57 in First record of trichomycetes associated with aquatic insects from Colombian Moorland and Andean forests
FIGURES 56–60. Simuliomyces microsporus from Simuliidae. 56–57. Thalli (arrow) attached to Genitellospora homothallica and Paramoebidium chattoni. 58. Trichospores (arrow) on generative cells. 59–60. Biconical zygospores (arrow) attached to zygosporohores.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.