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208 results for “Blueberry”
A public mid-density genotyping platform for cultivated Blueberry
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Data from: A global blueberry phylogeny: Evolution, diversification, and biogeography of the tribe Vaccinieae (Ericaceae)
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Self-compatible blueberry cultivars require fewer floral visits to maximise fruit production than a partially self-incompatible cultivar
<p>Effective pollination is a complex phenomenon determined by the outcome of the interaction between pollen transfer and a plants' pollinator dependency, yet most studies investigate pollinator effectiveness without consideration of plant mating system differences.</p> <p>We investigated pollinator effectiveness in three types of blueberry that differed in their degree of pollinator dependency as measured by plant mating system: two self-compatible highbush cultivars and one partially self-incompatible rabbiteye cultivar. We quantified pollinator effectiveness as a function of the fruit set and fruit weight resulting from single and multiple floral visits (2 – 15 visits), in comparison with estimates of fruit set and fruit weight resulting from experimental pollination treatments (open-pollination, cross-pollination and self-pollination).</p> <p>Single-visit effectiveness of fruit set was similar across pollinator taxa but considerably higher in both self-compatible cultivars. The probability of fruit set in all three blueberry types improved in response to an increasing number of visits, but this relationship was steeper in self-compatible cultivars: >90% probability of fruit set was achieved in three to five visits. In the self-incompatible rabbiteye cultivar, 58% fruit set was achieved with 15 visits. Multiple visits improved fruit weight by 27% – 48% in self-compatible cultivars, but not there was no relationship in rabbiteye. Pollination deficits in fruit set and fruit weight due to self-pollination were most pronounced in rabbiteye. Synthesis and applications: Improved understanding of cultivar-level mating system differences in plants will inform pollination planning and management in agroecosystems. Self-compatible (highbush) cultivars require less floral visitation to maximise fruit production. Therefore, these cultivars may be best suited to landscapes in which pollinator abundance is low, such as intensive and/or simple landscapes. In contrast, self-incompatible (rabbiteye) cultivars may benefit from the implementation of mixed-cultivar crop row plantings to facilitate cross-pollination through the movement by bees between cultivars.</p>
FIGURE 2 in A new Aphidius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Ericaphis fimbriata (Richards) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) and key to parasitoids of blueberry aphid in the Pacific Northwest
FIGURE 2. Parasitoids of the blueberry aphid. Fore wing: a, Monoctonus sp.; b, Aphidius ervi; c, A. vaccinii; d, A. matricariae; e, Ephedrus incompletus; f, Lysiphlebus testaceipes; g, Praon unicum; h, Trioxys gahani.
FIGURE 1 in A new Aphidius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Ericaphis fimbriata (Richards) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) and key to parasitoids of blueberry aphid in the Pacific Northwest
FIGURE 1. Aphidius spp. parasitoids of the blueberry aphid. Aphidius ericaphidis sp. nov. (female): a, forewing; b–c, propodeum showing variation in carina; d, petiole; g, genitalia. Aphidius vaccinii (female): e, petiole. Aphidius ervi (female): f, petiole.
FIGURE 2. Vaccinium carmesinum. A, B. Flowering branchlet. C. Leafy branchlet. D. Inflorescences showing flower buds and foliaceous bracts. E in Vaccinium carmesinum (Ericaceae), a new species of blueberry from Mt. Tago Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines
FIGURE 2. Vaccinium carmesinum. A, B. Flowering branchlet. C. Leafy branchlet. D. Inflorescences showing flower buds and foliaceous bracts. E. Longitudinal section of flower showing corolla, style and stamens. F. Immature fruits. Photographs: A, D by DSP; B, E, F by MAKP; C by DNT.
FIGURE 1. Vaccinium carmesinum. A. Leafy branchlet. B. Inflorescences showing flower buds and foliaceous bracts. C. Corolla. D in Vaccinium carmesinum (Ericaceae), a new species of blueberry from Mt. Tago Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines
FIGURE 1. Vaccinium carmesinum. A. Leafy branchlet. B. Inflorescences showing flower buds and foliaceous bracts. C. Corolla. D. Dissected flower showing stamens, style, ovary, hypanthium, and calyx. E. Dorsal view of stamen. F. Ventral view of stamen. G. Fruit cross section. Illustration by MNT.
FIGURE 1. Themistoclesia diminuta. A. Branch. B. Branch apex with a in Themistoclesia diminuta (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), a new mortiño and blueberry relative from Colombia
FIGURE 1. Themistoclesia diminuta. A. Branch. B. Branch apex with a calyx (proximal), an axillary flower (distal), and detail of leaf margin. C. Close-up of flower (left) and corolla (right). D. Calyx with nectary disk exposed. E. Stamens in adaxial (left), abaxial (center), and lateral (right) views. F. Branch with immature fruits and flower. G. Fruit. H. Axillary bud. (A–E drawn from Luteyn 12295; F–G drawn from Luteyn 7408; H drawn from Pedraza 1131.)
The effect of dietary supplementation with blueberry, cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside, yoghurt and its peptides on gene expression associated with glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle obtained from a high-fat-high-carbohydrate diet induced obesity model
<p><span>Obesity is a leading global health problem contributing to various chronic diseases, including type II diabetes mellitus</span> <span>(T2DM). The aim of this study was to investigate whether blueberries, yoghurt, and their respective bioactive components, Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (C3G) and peptides alone or in combinations, alter the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles from diet-induced obese mice. In extensor digitorum longus (EDL), yoghurt up-regulated the expression of activation of 5'adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and down-regulated the expression of angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR-1). The combination of blueberries and yoghurt down-regulated the mRNA expression of AGTR-1 and Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in the EDL. Whereas the combination of C3G and peptides down-regulated AGTR-1 and up-regulated GLUT4 mRNA expression in the EDL. In the soleus, blueberries and yoghurt alone, and their combination down-regulated AGTR-1 and up-regulated GLUT4 mRNA expression. In summary blueberries and yoghurt, regulated multiple genes associated with glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles, and therefore may play a role in the management and prevention of T2DM.</span></p>
FIGURE 4 in Two new endemic species of blueberry (Vaccinium L., Ericaceae) from Luzon and Mindanao islands, Philippines
FIGURE 4. Holotype of Vaccinium jubatum M.N.Tamayo & P.W.Fritsch (BRIT BRIT26945). Image courtesy of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas.
FIGURE 3. Vaccinium jubatum. A. Flowering branch. B in Two new endemic species of blueberry (Vaccinium L., Ericaceae) from Luzon and Mindanao islands, Philippines
FIGURE 3. Vaccinium jubatum. A. Flowering branch. B. Adaxial view of part of a leaf showing the marginal glands. C. Flower. D. Flower (corolla removed) exposing the style and disk. E. Lateral view of stamen. F. Ventral view of stamen. Illustration by Maverick N. Tamayo.
FIGURE 2 in Two new endemic species of blueberry (Vaccinium L., Ericaceae) from Luzon and Mindanao islands, Philippines
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Vaccinium burburan M.N.Tamayo & P.W.Fritsch (BRIT BRIT26917). Image courtesy of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas.
FIGURE 1. Vaccinium burburan. A. Flowering branch. B. Stem indumentum. C. Flower. D in Two new endemic species of blueberry (Vaccinium L., Ericaceae) from Luzon and Mindanao islands, Philippines
FIGURE 1. Vaccinium burburan. A. Flowering branch. B. Stem indumentum. C. Flower. D. Flower (corolla removed) exposing the disk. E. Ventral view of stamen. F. Dorsal view of stamen. G. Fruit. Illustration by Maverick N. Tamayo.
FIGURE 2 in Venation patterns of neotropical blueberries (Vaccinieae: Ericaceae) and their phylogenetic utility
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood hypotheses based on nuclear and plastid sequence data of 32 species of Vaccinieae. Bootstrap support values greater than 50% are shown. A. Hypothesis obtained with RAxML (lnL= -8817.105059); primary frameworks reconstructed using Fast Optimization. B. Detail of the main topological difference in the hypothesis obtained with POY 5.0.1 Alpha (lnL= -8822.18034066).
FIGURE 4 in Venation patterns of neotropical blueberries (Vaccinieae: Ericaceae) and their phylogenetic utility
FIGURE 4. Nectar secretions of the basilaminar glands of Macleania pentaptera Hoerold (growing indoors). A. Abaxial view of leaf. B. Lateral view of leaf. Photos by James L. Luteyn.
FIGURE 1 in Venation patterns of neotropical blueberries (Vaccinieae: Ericaceae) and their phylogenetic utility
FIGURE 1. Variation of the prominent-lateral/midvein diameter ratios of 33 species of Vaccinieae. Measurements obtained directly from leaf clearings.
FIGURE 3 in Venation patterns of neotropical blueberries (Vaccinieae: Ericaceae) and their phylogenetic utility
FIGURE 3. Character state distribution on the maximum likelihood hypotheses based on nuclear and plastid sequence data of 32 species of Vaccinieae. Fast Optimization. Open circles are homoplasious characters, closed circles are non-homoplasious characters. Character number is above circles, character state number below (see Table 2 for character descriptions). Hypothesis obtained with RAxML.
FlexiGroBots - Blueberry orchard UAV dataset May 2022
<p>This data represents the UAV-image acquisition from May 2022 in blueberry orchards located in Babe, Serbia.</p> <p>In order to align different channels, registration was applied and because of uneven illumination during the acquisition process, illumination correction was performed. Thus, the results of each preprocessing step are located in separate folders i.e., raw data are in 100FPLAN, 101FPLAN, and 102PLAN, results of registration are in 100FPLAN_R, 101FPLAN_R and 102FPLAN_R, while images with corrected illumination are in 100FPLAN_R_C, 101FPLAN_R_C and 102FPLAN­_R_C. Final preprocessed data is located in folders 100FPLAN_R_C_FINAL, 101FPLAN_R_C_FINAL and 102FPLAN_R_C_FINAL. Orthomosaics generated after preprocessing are in processed_orthomosaics folder.</p>
Fitness costs and oviposition choice of C. nenuphar on blueberry and peach
<p>In phytophagous insects, adult attraction and oviposition preference for a host plant is often positively correlated with their immature performance; however, little is known how this preference-performance relationship changes within insect populations utilizing different host plants. Here, we investigated differences in the preference and performance of two populations of a native North American frugivorous insect pest, the plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) ‒ one that utilizes peaches and another that utilizes blueberries as hosts ‒ in the Mid-Atlantic United States. For this, we collected C. nenuphar adult populations from peach and blueberry farms and found that they exhibited a clear preference for the odors of, as well as an ovipositional preference for, the hosts they were collected from, laying 67-83% of their eggs in their respective natal hosts. To measure C. nenuphar larval performance, a fitness index was calculated using data on larval weights, development, and survival rate from egg to fourth instars when reared on the parent's natal and novel hosts. Larvae of C. nenuphar adults collected from peach had high fitness on peach but low fitness when reared on blueberry. In contrast, larvae from C. nenuphar adults collected in blueberry had high fitness regardless of the host they were reared on. In this study, we show that utilizing a novel host such as blueberry incurs a fitness cost for C. nenuphar from peaches, but this cost was not observed for C. nenuphar from blueberries, indicating that the preference-performance relationship depends on the particular insect population-host plant association.</p>
FIGURE 1. Eucalantica nestori n in A new species of Eucalantica Busck (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) poses potential concerns on blueberry industry in Mexico
FIGURE 1. Eucalantica nestori n. sp. (A–C, F) and E. polita (D–E). A. Holotype (male) in dorsal view; B. Paratype (male, IRG-001) in lateral view; C. Male genitalia (paratype, IRG-001) in ventral view; D. Male genital capsule in ventral view (after Sohn & Nishida 2011); E. Phallus (after Sohn & Nishida 2011); F. Female genitalia and abdominal segments VIII–IX (paratype, SJC-1377). Scale bars = 2 mm.
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