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312 results for “Boreas”
BOREAS RSS-08 IFC-3 ADS-PSII Measurements of BRDF at SSA-OBS and SSA-OA Sites
Ground BRDF measurements were acquired by the Remote Sensing Science (RSS)-08 team to aid in the development of advanced spectral vegetation indices. The RSS-08 team measured reflectances at the double-scaffold towers in the Southern Study Area (SSA) Old Black Spruce (OBS) and Old Aspen (OA) sites during IFC-3 in 1994. The RSS-08 team also acquired stereo photography at the SSA-OA, SSA-OJP, and SSA-OBS sites during IFC-3.
BOREAS TE-06 Allometry Data
The BOREAS TE-06 team collected several data sets in support of its efforts to characterize and interpret information on the plant biomass, allometry, biometry, sapwood, leaf area index, net primatry production, soil temperature, leaf water potential, soil CO2 flux, and multivegetation imagery of boreal vegetation. This data set includes tree measurements conducted on the above gound biomass of trees in the BOREAS NSA and SSA during the growing seasons of 1994 and 1995 and the derived allometric relationships/equations.
BOREAS Follow-On DSP-04 1994 ERS-1 Level-4 Landscape Freeze/Thaw Maps, Ver. 1.0
The BOREAS DSP-4 team acquired and analyzed imaging radar data from the ESA's ERS-1 over a complete annual cycle at the BOREAS sites in Canada in 1994 to detect shifts in radar backscatter related to varying environmental conditions. Two independent transitions correlating with snow melt and soil thaw onset, and possible canopy thaw were revealed by the data. The results demonstrated that radar provides an ability to observe thaw transitions at the beginning of the growing season, which in turn helps constrain the length of the growing season. The data presented here are gridded maps of landscape freeze/thaw state derived from backscatter change maps. The backscatter change maps were computed from radar backscatter images covering the southern BOREAS sites. The freeze/thaw classifications were determined through application of a change detection threshold based on temporal backscatter change relative to a winter-time frozen reference state. The data are provided as both ASCII text and as binary image (*.gif) format files.
BOREAS Follow-On DSP-09 Moss Cover Classification at Three Area Scales
BOREAS follow-on group DSP-9 mapped surface moss type at three scales (1 km, 30 m, and 10 m) based on observed associations between moss cover and land cover type. In the BOREAS Northern (NSA) and Southern (SSA) Study Areas, we utilized land cover derived from Landsat TM (30 m) and ground measurements/observations, soils maps, and field observations to establish associations between moss and land cover. At the BOREAS regional scale, the 1 km moss cover map was developed using a 1 km AVHRR land cover map for a 619 by 821 km subset of the BOREAS region. Our regional moss cover map is largely based on inferences from the 1 km land cover analysis and from ground observations in the study areas. The 30 m moss map covers the BOREAS Southern Study Area. The 10 m map covers the BOREAS NSA Old Black Spruce tower site.
BOREAS AFM-03 Electra 1994 Aircraft Flux and Moving Window Data
The BOREAS AFM-03 team used the NCAR Electra aircraft data to make measurements of the fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent heat, carbon dioxide, and ozone over the entire BOREAS region to tie together measurements made in both the SSA and the NSA. These data were also used to study the planetary boundary layer using both in situ and remote sensing measurements. This data set contains both the aircraft flux and the moving window data.
BOREAS Regional DEM in Raster Format and AEAC Projection
This data set is based on the GTOPO30 DEM produced by the USGS EDC. The BOREAS region (1,000km x 1000km) was extracted from the GTOPO30 data and reprojected by BOREAS staff into the AEAC projection. The pixel size of these data is 1 km.
BOREAS Follow-On FLX-01 NSA-OBS Derived Data - NEE, GEE, and Respiration
The BOREAS Follow-On FLX-01 team derived NEE, GEE, and Respiration using measured tower C02 flux measurements taken at the NSA-OBS site. The data provided contain half-hourly measurements as well as 4 and 5 day binned data sets. The derived data covers the period from March 1994 through the end of 1998.
BOREAS RSS-14 GOES-7 Level-1a Visible, Infrared, and Water Vapor Images
The level-1a BOREAS GOES-7 image data was collected by Remote Sensing Science Team 14 (RSS-14) personnel at the Florida State University and processed to level-1a products by BORIS personnel. The primary objective for the GOES-7 images in 1994 was to collect visible, infrared (IR), and water vapor channel data covering the BOREAS region at a sufficiently high temporal frequency for subsequent use in analyzing weather events and deriving temporal surface radiation parameters and patterns that existed during the Focused and Intensive Field Campaigns (FFCs and IFCs). The transition and shifting of satellites from GOES-7 to GOES-8 in 1995 enabled good quality images to be acquired over the BOREAS region four times per day from January to June, giving a reasonable monitoring dataset. The data cover the period of 01-January-1994 through 08-July-1995 with partial to complete coverage on the majority of the days. The data include three-bands with eight-bit pixel values. No major problems with the data have been identified.
BOREAS RSS-11 Ground Sunphotometer Data
The BOREAS RSS-11 team operated a network of five automated (Cimel) and two hand-held (Miami) solar radiometers from 1994 to 1996 during the BOREAS field campaigns. The data provide aerosol optical depth measurements, size distribution, phase function, and column water vapor amounts over points in northern Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada. The data are useful for the correction of remotely sensed aircraft and satellite images. The data are provided in tabular ASCII files.
BOREAS RSS-20 POLDER Radiance Images from the NASA C-130
These data are a subset of images collected by the POLDER instrument over tower sites in the BOREAS study areas during the IFCs in 1994. The POLDER images presented here from the NASA/Ames C-130 aircraft are made available for illustration purposes only. The data are stored in binary image-format files.
BOREAS Follow-On DSP-10 Regridded NDVI Maps for 1994
These images were produced by averaging the 1-km FASIR-NDVI maps by Jing Chen to a 10' (horizontal) by 5' (vertical) pixel size in a straight latitude/longitude grid. Each pixel represents the average NDVI of the 1-km pixels that fall in each 10' by 5' pixel, where more than 50% of the 1-km pixels in the 10' by 5' area are not cloud and are not missing. If more than 50% of the 1-km pixels are missing or cloudy, a value of 0 is assigned to the 10' by 5' pixel.
BOREAS TE-18 Landsat TM Maximum Likelihood Classification Image of the SSA
A Landsat-5 TM image from 06-Aug-1990 was used to derive this classification. The objective of this classification is to provide the BOREAS investigators with a data product that characterizes the land cover of the SSA. A standard supervised maximum likelihood approach was used to produce this classification. Companion files include example thumbnail images that may be viewed using a convenient viewer utility.
BOREAS RSS-03 Reflectance Measured from a Helicopter-Mounted Barnes MMR
The RSS-03 team acquired helicopter-based measurements of forested sites during BOREAS with a Barnes MMR. The data were collected in 1994 during the rhree BOREAS IFCs at numerous tower and auxiliary sites in both the NSA and SSA. The 15-degree FOV of the MMR yielded approximately 79 m from the 300 m altitude ground resolution. The MMR has seven spectral bands that are similar to the Landsat TM bands, ranging from the blue region to the thermal. Note:
BOREAS RSS-14 GOES-8 Level-1a Visible, Infrared and Water Vapor Images
The BOREAS RSS-14 team collected and processed several GOES-7 and GOES-8 image data sets that covered the BOREAS study region. The level-1a GOES-8 images were created by BORIS personnel from the level-1 images delivered by FSU personnel. The data cover 14-Jul-1995 to 21-Sep-1995 and 12-Feb-1996 to 03-Oct-1996. The data start out as three bands with 8-bit pixel values and end up as five bands with 10-bit pixel values. No major problems with the data have been identified. The differences between the level-1 and level-1a GOES-8 data are the formatting and packaging of the data. The images missing from the temporal series of level-1 GOES-8 images were zero-filled by BORIS staff to create files consistent in size and format. In addition, BORIS staff packaged all the images of a given type from a given day into a single file, removed the header information from the individual level-1 files, and placed it into a single descriptive ASCII header file. The data are contained in binary image format files. Companion files include (1) an image inventory listing to inform users of the images that are available and (2) example thumbnail images.
BOREAS AFM-13 Aircraft Flux Analyses
For the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) in 1994 and 1996, the Airborne Fluxes and Meteorology (AFM) group was involved in measurements (from different platforms and heights within the atmospheric boundary layer) of key atmospheric variables and several surface-related parameters that can be used to describe the evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer and the boundary layer fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat, momentum, and CO2. Specifically, the AFM-13 team was interested in analysis and interpretation of airborne flux observations over a 16-km by 16-km grid site in each of the BOREAS study areas. The primary data used in the investigation were collected using the Canadian Twin Otter aircraft, one among the many research aircraft flown in BOREAS. The main objectives of the AFM-13 investigations are to use the Twin Otter-based data with tower flux data to map spatial and temporal variations in the fluxes of heat, moisture, and CO2, and to define realistic footprint functions over the BOREAS sites, so that airborne observations are related to the correct ground surface with its biological and ecological characteristics. These maps are then compared to maps of remote sensing observations over the sites. It is hoped that these studies help to develop regional scale models of fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat, and CO2 for global monitoring of climate change. This document presents a brief summary of the Twin Otter grid sites, the measured data, the type of analysis carried out, and the preliminary results from the 1994 Intensive Field Campaigns (IFCs).
BOREAS TE-18 Geosail Canopy Reflectance Model
The SAIL (Scattering from Arbitrarily Inclined Leaves) model was combined with the Jasinski geometric model to simulate canopy spectral reflectance and absorption of photosynthetically active radiation for discontinuous canopies. This model is called the GeoSail model. Tree shapes are described by cylinders or cones distributed over a plane. Spectral reflectance and transmittance of trees are calculated from the SAIL model to determine the reflectance of the three components used in the geometric model: illuminated canopy, illuminated background, shadowed canopy, and shadowed background. The model code is Fortran, sample input and output data are provided in ASCII text files.
BOREAS SERM Forest Cover Data Layers of the SSA in Vector Format
The forest cover data provided by Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management, Forestry Branch - Inventory Unit (SERM-FBIU) are basically a digital version of its 1:12,500 scale forest cover polygon maps. The data include information on forest parameters and cover the area in and near the BOREAS SSA, excluding the PANP. As a digital archive, however, changes within forest stands can be updated more readily. At the same time, it should be kept in mind that most of these digital forest cover data were acquired in 1993, and the data set has been static since that time.
BOREAS TE-09 NSA Leaf Chlorophyll Density Data
The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Terrestrial Ecology Team #9 (TE-09) provided several data sets containing information about the state and response of boreal forest tree species. This data set contains information on the spatial density of chlorophyll in the leaves of three boreal tree species collected at five different sites at various times during 1994.
BOREAS RSS-07 Landsat TM LAI Images of the SSA and NSA
The BOREAS RSS-07 team used Landsat TM images processed at CCRS to produce images of LAI for the BOREAS study areas. Two images acquired on June 6 and August 9, 1991 were used for the SSA, and one image acquired on June 9, 1994 was used for the NSA. The LAI images are based on ground measurements and Landsat TM RSR images. The data are stored in binary image-format files. Companion files include example thumbnail images that may be viewed and the image data files downloaded using a convenient viewer utility.
BOREAS TF-11 SSA-Fen 1995 Leaf Area Index Data
The BOREAS TF-11 team gathered a variety of data to complement their tower flux measurements collected at the SSA Fen site. These data are LAI measurements made by the TF-11 team throughout the 1995 growing season. The data include the LAI of plants that fall into six categories: total, Carex spp., Betula pumila, Menyanthes trifoliata, Salix spp., and other vascular plants.
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