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272 results for “Central Andes”
Occupancy of two Colombian endemic birds (Habia gutturalis) and White-Mantled Barbet (Capito hypoleucus) in fragmented forests of the Central Andes in Colombia
<p>The Sooty Ant-Tanager (<em>Habia gutturalis</em>) and White-mantled Barbet (<em>Capito hypoleucus</em>) are endangered and endemic birds of Colombia. Both species have small geographic ranges and presumably low population sizes possibly due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. In order to estimate the effects of landscape features on the occupancy of both species, we sampled a variety of landscape configurations within the buffer zones of two hydroelectric impoundments in the Central Andes of Colombia and applied occupancy models to estimate the proportion of area occupied as a function of these covariates. We surveyed 35 point-counts in each hydroelectric impoundment, between June and July of 2014 and 2015. We used single-season models to estimate occupancy while recognizing imperfect detection. Mean occupancy estimates in the study area were similar for both species (0.61 SD=0.33 for the Sooty Ant-Tanager and 0.63 SD=0.25 for the White-mantled). Nonetheless, occupancy probability within the study area was very different between them. The best model for the Sooty Ant-Tanager indicated a decrease in occupancy with elevation, whereas the top model for the White-mantled Barbet indicated an increase in occupancy with distance from streams. Detection probabilities were similar for both species (>0.4) and declined significantly during the second year. Our results provide quantitative guidelines that can be used to evaluate and monitor the state of these populations on the short and long term.</p>
Raindrop size distribution and precipitation over Peruvian central Andes (12.0°S)
<p>The raindrop size distribution and precipitation over Peruvian central Andes (12.0°S) database consist of raindrop size distribution, raindrop fall velocity and precipitation data measured in the Huancayo Observatory of Peru.<br> Two Parsivel 2 and two tipping bucket rain gauge are used in this database which are operating together since 2018.</p> <p>The repository ULR:<br> https://scah.igp.gob.pe/sites/datos/PP_prods/</p> <p>There are two types of files, one NetCDF for the precipitation totals and<br> another NetCDF which contains each Parsivel2 raw data.</p> <p>The precipitation totals files are located in the subfolder:<br> https://scah.igp.gob.pe/sites/datos/PP_prods/PP_dia/</p> <p>And the Parsivel2 raw data are located in the sub folder:<br> https://scah.igp.gob.pe/sites/datos/PP_prods/PSV_nc/</p> <p>This repository is part of the Atmospheric Microphysics And Radiation Laboratory (LAMAR),<br> Huancayo Observatory (12.0S, 75.3W, 3113 m ASL) (https://scah.igp.gob.pe/laboratorios/lamar)</p>
Fig. 3 in Infestation, histology, and molecular confirmation of Sarcoptes scabiei in an Andean porcupine (Coendou quichua) from the Central Andes of Colombia
Fig. 3. Wild mammals with sarcoptic mange (S. scabiei) in South America.
A 3-D kinematic ThermoMechanical model of the Central Andes Subduction Zone at 18°-26°S.
<p>These files contain physical parameters obtained with the preferred thermomechanical model presented in the paper:</p> <p><strong>J. Araya Vargas, J. Sanhueza & G. Yáñez (2021). The role of temperature in the along-margin distribution of volcanism and seismicity in subduction zones: insights from 3-D thermomechanical modelling of the Central Andean margin. Tectonics, 40(11), e2021TC006879. 10.1029/2021TC006879</strong></p> <p>The README file contains a description of the files, coordinate reference system, and a summary of the modeling setup. The detailed description of the employed thermomechanical modeling methodology is provided in the main text and Supporting Information of Araya Vargas, Sanhueza & Yáñez (2021).</p> <p>FILES:</p> <p>SZAndes18s26sTMmodel_temp.csv: whole model temperature<br> SZAndes18s26sTMmodel_dP.csv: mantle flow dynamic pressure.<br> SZAndes18s26sTMmodel_vx.csv: mantle flow velocity, X-axis component.<br> SZAndes18s26sTMmodel_vy.csv: mantle flow velocity, Y-axis component.<br> SZAndes18s26sTMmodel_vz.csv: mantle flow velocity, Z-axis component.</p> <p>DATABASES FIELDS:<br> pMPa = mantle flow dynamic pressure [MPa].<br> tempC = whole model temperature [°C].<br> VXmmyr = mantle flow velocity, X-axis component [mm/yr].<br> VYmmyr = mantle flow velocity, Y-axis component [mm/yr].<br> VZmmyr = mantle flow velocity, Z-axis component [mm/yr].<br> Xkm = X-axis position [km]. World Mercator coordinate system [EPSG code: 54004].<br> Ykm = Y-axis position [km]. World Mercator coordinate system [EPSG code: 54004].<br> Zkm = Z-axis position [km]. Z-coordinate is reported as height from the mean sea level.</p>
Data from: Warming had contrasting effects on the importance of facilitative interactions with a cushion nurse species on native and non-native species in the high-Andes of central Chile
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Occupancy of two Colombian endemic birds (Habia gutturalis) and White-Mantled Barbet (Capito hypoleucus) in fragmented forests of the Central Andes in Colombia
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Distribution. Widely distributed in Central and South America, from E Nicaragua to Panama, W of the Andes to NW Ecuador, and E of Andes from Venezuela and the Guianas to Amazonian Peru, C Brazil and N Bolivia. in Emballonuridae
Distribution. Widely distributed in Central and South America, from E Nicaragua to Panama, W of the Andes to NW Ecuador, and E of Andes from Venezuela and the Guianas to Amazonian Peru, C Brazil and N Bolivia.
Data from: Ecological and spatial patterns associated with diversification of the shrub genus Tetraglochin along Southern-Central Andes (Rosaceae)
In addition to the degree of geographical isolation (sympatry, parapatry, allopatry and peripatry), ecology can be an important factor promoting diversification of lineages, both by niche divergence as well as niche conservatism. Tetraglochin is a genus of shrubs with six species distributed along the Southern and Central Andes, from Peru to southern Argentina and central Chile. Although monophyly of the genus as the identity of its species are well established, spatiotemporal framework for its diversification and the potential role of the ecology and geography in the speciation process remain unknown. In the present study we analyzed diversification times and historical biogeography of the genus, and conducted different climatic niche and geographical range comparisons among its species to determine possible patterns associated with speciation. Results support the Pleistocene diversification, early along the Southern Andes and the Patagonian Steppe and subsequently in the Central Andes. Climatic niche divergence did not prove to be a major factor promoting speciation, but rather the phylogenetic niche conservatism. Our analyses also favored the sympatric model of speciation, although patterns from geographical range evolution are difficult to interpret due to the lability on the ancestral distributions, and therefore micro-allopatric or parapatric divergence associated with the glacial-interglacial cycles and climatic oscillations throughout the Quaternary should not be discarded. Other potential factors associated with diversification of Tetraglochin are also discussed.
FIGURE 6 in Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)
FIGURE 6. Ventral views of hand (A), and foot (B) of adult female Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (MHNC 6441, holotype).
FIGURE 3 in Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)
FIGURE 3. Map of western South America with a square indicating the type locality of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. and Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. in Peru.
FIGURE 5 in Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)
FIGURE 5. Living adult female of Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (MHNC 6441, holotype, SVL 21.2 mm) in dorsolateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Photos by J. C. C.
FIGURE 2 in Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)
FIGURE 2. Ventral views of hand (A), and foot (B) of adult female Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (MHNC 6469, holotype).
FIGURE 1 in Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)
FIGURE 1. Living adult female of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (MHNC 6469, holotype, SVL 29.1 mm) in dorsolateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Photos by J. C. C.
FIGURE 4 in Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)
FIGURE 4. Habitat at the type locality of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (A) and Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (B) on August 2007.
FIGURE 10 in A new species of Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Amazonian slopes of the central Andes, with comments on the diversity of the genus in the area
FIGURE 10. Neighbor joining gene tree of 850 bp of the 16S mtDNA gene. Numbers on branches indicate bootstrap support. Clades are labeled according to their general distribution (see main text for details). Type specimens of Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai sp. nov. are in bold.
FIGURE 9 in A new species of Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Amazonian slopes of the central Andes, with comments on the diversity of the genus in the area
FIGURE 9. Bayesian majority rule consensus gene tree of 850 bp of the 16S mtDNA gene. Numbers on branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities and bootstrap support of the Maximum Parsimony analysis respectively. Clades are labeled according to their general distribution (see main text for details). Type specimens of Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai sp. nov. are in bold.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Amazonian slopes of the central Andes, with comments on the diversity of the genus in the area
FIGURE 8. Audiospectogram and oscillograms (top and down, respectively) of the advertisement calls of (A) Hyalinobatrachium bergeri, MHNCP 5394; (B) H. bergeri sensu Márquez et al. (1996) and De la Riva (2002), without voucher; and (C, D) H. carlesvilai sp. nov., holotype.
FIGURE 7. Calling male, paratype MNCN 43690 in A new species of Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Amazonian slopes of the central Andes, with comments on the diversity of the genus in the area
FIGURE 7. Calling male, paratype MNCN 43690 (A) and gravid female, paratype MHNCP 5344 (B) of Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai sp. nov. Both were found in the same leaf together with an egg clutch not collected (C). Egg clutch, MNCN/ADN 8999, collected in the same leaf than the holotype (D).
FIGURE 6 in A new species of Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Amazonian slopes of the central Andes, with comments on the diversity of the genus in the area
FIGURE 6. Map showing the type localities of Hyalinobatrachium species from the eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia and the new locality of H. pellucidum in Peru. The star marks the localities of the holotype of H. carlesvilai sp. nov. 1 = Santa Cecilia; 2 = Río Azuela; 3 = Abra Tangarana; 4 = Cueva de los Guácharos; 5 = Parque Nacional Tingo María; 6 = Río Kimbiri; 7 = Quincemil; 8 = Santa Rosa and San Juan del Oro; 9 = Paractito-los Guácharos; 10 = 58.1 km SW Villa Tunari; 11 = Río Leche.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Amazonian slopes of the central Andes, with comments on the diversity of the genus in the area
FIGURE 5. Habitat of Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai sp. nov. in Peru. Quincemil, Cusco (left and bottom right); between Santa Rosa and San Juan del Oro, Puno (top right).
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