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FIGS. 8–10 in Observations on the Biology and Sclerochronology of "Turritella" Duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cerithioidea, Turritellidae) from Southern Thailand

FIGS. 8–10. Schematictransects from thebeach to thelow tide line. FIG. 8: Eastern part characterized by an almost monospecific fauna and rocky substrate; FIG. 9: Central part characterized by sea grass and by an intensely bioturbated firm-ground zone; FIG. 10: Western part of the flat characterized by diverse fauna and islands with small coral reefs (Modified from Waite & Strasser, 2011, p. 227, fig. 2, © Springer-Verlag 2010; with kind permission from Springer Science & Business Media B. V.).

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FIGS. 31–33 in Observations on the Biology and Sclerochronology of "Turritella" Duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cerithioidea, Turritellidae) from Southern Thailand

FIGS. 31–33. Results of the stable isotope analysis. FIG. 31: δ13C and δ18O stable isotope profiles through specimen Td1; FIG. 32: δ13C and δ18Ostable isotope profiles through specimen Td2; FIG. 33: δ13C and δ18O stable isotope profiles through specimen Td3. Black arrows mark the 50 mm growth stage. Grey arrows mark the 90 mm growth stage. Respective specimens are figured on the right, scale bars are 5 cm.

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FIGS. 2–6 in Observations on the Biology and Sclerochronology of "Turritella" Duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cerithioidea, Turritellidae) from Southern Thailand

FIGS. 2–6. Anatomical features of T. duplicata. FIG. 2. Underwater photograph of T. duplicata burying itself. Visible elements of soft part anatomy include: a = outer rim of papillae, b = tentacle with eye, c = snout, d = food groove; FIGS. 3, 4: Sketches of shells of T. duplicata copied from Kiener (1873); FIG. 5: Sketch of the corresponding operculum to the specimen figured in Fig. 4; FIG. 6: Sketch of hard- and soft part anatomy of T. duplicata: a = outer rim of papillae, b = tentacle with eye, c = snout, d = food groove.

Figure 11 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 11. Anatomy of the radula in Sermyla. A, rachis and lateralia of Sermyla kupaensis (ZMB 191388). B, marginalia of Sermyla kupaensis (ZMB 191388). C, rachis and lateralia of S. riquetii (BMNH 2403). D, marginalia of S. riquetii (BMNH 2403). E, rachis and lateralia of S. carbonata (ZMB 106700). F, marginalia of S. carbonata (ZMB 106700).

Figure 10 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 10. Non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) on the complete AFLP dataset. Coloured symbols indicate the same cluster; black symbols indicate that a direct cluster affiliation is not possible for that individual. Note for S. carbonata: all colored asterisks are the same cluster.

Figure 7 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 7. Neighbor-net analysis of AFLP data based on five primer combinations and a matrix corrected by AMARE; coloration of Sermyla kupaensis, S. riquetii and S. carbonata according to their sampling locations and river systems, additional colors represent additional thiarid species. Only one individual had a mixed genotype and was not clearly associated with one of the clusters.

Figure 8 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 8. Structure analysis of AFLP data based on five primer combinations and a matrix corrected by AMARE. A, structure analysis of the AFLP dataset under the assumption of admixture (limited gene flow). B, structure analysis of the AFLP dataset under the assumption without admixture (no gene flow).

Figure 5 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 5. Morphological differences of Sermyla kupaensis, S.riquetii and S. carbonata populations. A, boxplots for the height measurements of Sermyla kupaensis, S.riquetii and S. carbonata from the different sampling locations and river systems. Five-pointed star: syntypes of S. riquetii; six-pointed stars: syntypes of M. venustula; triangle tip down: holotype of S. prognata; nine-pointed star: syntypes of S. carbonata. B, boxplots for the total amount of juveniles inside the brood pouch of S.riquetii and S. carbonata from different sampling locations and drainage systems, as well as a veliger larva from Sermyla kupaensis for comparison.

Figure 6. Concatenated COI and 16S in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 6. Concatenated COI and 16S mtDNA-phylogeny of Sermyla kupaensis, S. riquetii and S. carbonata and other Australian thiarid species, as well as two Paludomus siamensis as outgroup, with numbers at nodes refering to maximum likelihood bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right). Symbols along branches indicate the mode of reproduction: squares = euviviparous; circles = ovoviviparous. Abbreviations refer to sampling locations: HS = Howard Springs; GC = Gulf of Carpentaria; RR = Roper River; WA = Western Australia (Bundara Sinkhole); BAL = Bali; VIE = Vietnam; THA = Thailand.

Figure 9 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 9. Structure analysis of AFLP data based on five primer combinations and a matrix corrected by AMARE for the reduced dataset of S. carbonata in Australia. Results have been assigned to their geographical localities.

Figure 2 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 2. Geographic range of S. riquetii (circles), S. kupaensis (hexagon) and S. carbonata (squares) with a colour-code for the different drainage systems in Australia. Black squares: sequenced, ethanol preserved material of S. carbonata; white squares: dry shells of S. carbonata; black circles: sequenced, ethanol preserved material of S. riquetii; white circles: dry shells of S. riquetii; black hexagon: sequenced, ethanol-preserved material of S. kupaensis; white hexagon: dry shells of S. kupaensis; five-pointed stars: type localities of 1 = S. riquetii, 2 = S. kupaensis, 3 = S. carbonata, 4 = M. venustula.

Figure 3 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 3. Shell measurements and positions of landmarks for morphological analyses of the shell of Sermyla species. A, shell measurements for biometrical analysis: ShH, shell height; L3WH, height of the last three whorls; LWH, last whorl height; AW, width of the aperture; AH, height of the aperture; ShW, width of the shell. B, landmarks set for the geometric morphometric analysis.

Figure 4 in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 4. Shape differences of populations of S. riquetii, S. carbonata and S. kupaensis. Principle component analysis (PCA) for the configuration of 15 landmarks of S. kupaensis from Sulawesi, S. riquetii from Bali, Vietnam and Thailand, S. cf. riquetii from Australia, as well as S. carbonata in the different drainage systems of Australia. Five-pointed star: syntype of S. riquetii; nine-pointed star: syntypes of S. carbonata; six-pointed stars: syntypes of M. venustula; triangle tip down: holotype of S. prognata.

Figure 1. A in Evolutionary systematics of the viviparous gastropod Sermyla (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Thiaridae), with the description of a new species

Figure 1. A–AB, shell morphology of Sermyla: A–O, Sermyla riquetii; P–T, Sermyla kupaensis; U–AB, Sermyla carbonata. A, syntype of Sermyla riquetii (Grateloupe, 1840), 'Batavia' (BMNH 1907.11.22.40); B, syntype of Sermyla riquetii (Grateloupe, 1840), 'Batavia' (BMNH 1907.11.22.41); C, syntype of Melania harpula Dunker, 1844 (ZMB 109669); D, syntype of Melania mitra Dunker, 1844 (ZMB 109670); E, original drawing of Melania semicostata Philippi 1847; F, syntype of Melania tornatella Lea & Lea, 1851 (BMNH 1978155); G, syntype of Melania sculpta Souleyet, 1852 (BMNH 1854.7.24.381); H, holotype of Sermyla kowloonensis Chen, 1943 (USNM 48041); I, S. riquetii from Bali, Gumbrih River (ZMB 106474-3); J, S. riquetii from Thailand, Puek Tian Beach (ZMB 107883-11); K, S. riquetii from Thailand, Perchaburi (ZMB 127817-2); L, S. riquetii from Thailand, Samut Songkhram (ZMB 127818-2); M, S. riquetii from Vietnam, Hue (ZMB 114421–5); N, S. cf. riquetii from Australia: QLD, Caloundra (AMS C.3215-1); O, S. cf. riquetii from Australia: QLD, Caloundra (AMS C.3215-2); P, holotype of Sermyla kupaensis from Indonesia, Kupa River (MZB Gst. 12.191); Q, paratype of Sermyla kupaensis ZMB 191388-4); R, paratype of Sermyla kupaensis (ZMB 191388-10); S, paratype of Sermyla kupaensis (ZMB 191388-5); T, paratype of Sermyla kupaensis (ZMB 191388-7); U, syntype of Sermyla carbonata (Reeve, 1859), 'Port Essington' (BMNH 2001.0762); V, syntype of Melania venustula Brot, 1877, 'Port Denison' (MNHG, no number); W, holotype of Sermylasma prognata Iredale, 1943, Australia, Victoria River (BMNH 1857.9.30.8-1); X, S. carbonata, Australia: Bundara Sinkhole (BES 10048); Y, S. carbonata, Australia, Howard Springs (ZMB 107630–2); Z, S. carbonata, Australia, Roper River (ZMB 107616-1); AA, S. carbonata, Australia, Roper Bar (ZMB 192017-1); AB, S. carbonata, Australia, Norman River (107209-5).

FIGURE 20 in Adding the West-African riverine component: Revision of the Recent freshwater snails belonging to Pseudocleopatra Thiele, 1928 (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

FIGURE 20. Radula of Pseudocleopatra broecki (Putzeys, 1899) n. comb., MCZ 171520 (modified from Glaubrecht 2010a). A. Radula ribbon, scale bar: 10 μm. B. Lateral and central teeth, scale bar: 10 μm. C. Marginal teeth, scale bar: 10 μm.

FIGURE 19 in Adding the West-African riverine component: Revision of the Recent freshwater snails belonging to Pseudocleopatra Thiele, 1928 (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

FIGURE 19. Shells of Pseudocleopatra broecki (Putzeys, 1899) n. comb. A. Lectotype of Cleopatra broecki Putzeys, 1899, MRAC 47360. B. Paralectotype of Cleopatra broecki Putzeys, 1899, MRAC 47361. C. Holotype of Cleopatra broecki var. zonata Putzeys, 1899, MRAC 47362. D. Holotype of Pseudocleopatra bennikei Mandahl-Barth, 1974, MRAC 799156. E. Paratype of Pseudocleopatra bennikei Mandahl-Barth, 1974, DBL 2584. F. Paratype of Pseudocleopatra bennikei Mandahl-Barth, 1974, DBL 2585. A–C modified from Glaubrecht (2010a). Scale bar: 5 mm.

FIGURE 18 in Adding the West-African riverine component: Revision of the Recent freshwater snails belonging to Pseudocleopatra Thiele, 1928 (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

FIGURE 18. Known occurrence records of Pseudocleopatra dartevellei Mandahl-Barth, 1973 in the Congo River system. The asterisk indicates the type locality; solid symbols indicate samples with alcohol material, open symbols those of dry material. The arrow indicates the approximate location of the Inga dams.

FIGURE 17 in Adding the West-African riverine component: Revision of the Recent freshwater snails belonging to Pseudocleopatra Thiele, 1928 (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

FIGURE 17. Radula of Pseudocleopatra dartevellei Mandahl-Barth, 1973 (Morph b), probable paratype, Île des Princes, MRAC 146342. A. Radula ribbon, scale bar: 10 μm. B. Lateral and central teeth, scale bar: 10 μm. C. Cutting edge of lateral and central teeth, scale bar: 2 μm. D. Central, lateral and marginal teeth, scale bar: 10 μm.

FIGURE 15 in Adding the West-African riverine component: Revision of the Recent freshwater snails belonging to Pseudocleopatra Thiele, 1928 (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

FIGURE 15. Shells of Pseudocleopatra dartevellei Mandahl-Barth, 1973. A. Holotype, MRAC 799161. B. Probable paratype, Matadi; MRAC 260702. C–D. Probable paratypes, Matadi, MRAC 260702, growth series. Scale bar: 5 mm.

FIGURE 14 in Adding the West-African riverine component: Revision of the Recent freshwater snails belonging to Pseudocleopatra Thiele, 1928 (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

FIGURE 14. Known occurrence records of Pseudocleopatra voltana Mandahl-Barth, 1973 in the Volta River system. The asterisk indicates the type locality; open symbols indicate samples of dry material. The arrow indicates the approximate location of the Akosombo dam.