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Fig. 2 in Species Diversity Of Ciliates In Forest Soils Of The Samur-Yalama National Park

Fig. 2. Similarity of species composition between different sample points according to Bray-Curtis cluster analysis.

Fig. 6 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat

Fig. 6. Tintinnopsis estuariensis sp. nov. and its allied species. A. T. estuariensis; B. T. akkeshiensis; C. T. sufflata; D. T. kofoidi; E. T. radix; F. T. cylindrical. B and C after Hada (1937); D after Hada (1932a, b, 1937), Balech (1948), Alder (1999) and Zhang et al. (2012b); E after Kofoid and Campbell (1929), Xu and Song (2005); F after Kofoid and Campbell (1929) and Zhang et al. (2012a). Scale bar=50 μm.

Fig. 5 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat

Fig. 5. Surface water temperature (T, C) and salinity (S, ‰) in the sampling sites during four cruises in the estuary of Yangtze River in 2005. Different sizes of circles indicates different abundances (ind./ m3) of Tintinnopsis estuariensis Zhang, Feng & Yu, sp. nov. in the sampling site, and the solid dots means no individual were found in the according site.

Fig. 4 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat

Fig. 4. Distribution of surface temperature (T, C), salinity (S, ‰) and abundance (Abun, ind./ m3) in May, September and November of 2005.

Fig. 2 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat

Fig. 2. Tintinnopsis estuariensis Zhang, Feng & Yu, sp. nov., six different individuals with same scale. Scale bar=50 μm.

Fig. 1 in Molecular data suggests the ciliate Mesodinium (Protista: Ciliophora) might represent an undescribed taxon at class level

Fig. 1. Photomicrographs of Mesodinium sp. in vivo. A. Representative individual, front view. B–E. Body shape, top/bottom

Fig. 2 in Molecular data suggests the ciliate Mesodinium (Protista: Ciliophora) might represent an undescribed taxon at class level

Fig. 2. Models of the secondary structure of variable region 4 (V4) of the small subunit rRNA molecule, comparing helices 23_1, 23_2, 23_5 species. GenBank/EMBL accession numbers are enclosed in brackets. The number of nucleotides in Helix E23_1 for each species is given above which these species represent are marked in blue below each illustration.

Fig. 3 in Molecular data suggests the ciliate Mesodinium (Protista: Ciliophora) might represent an undescribed taxon at class level

Fig. 3. The comprehensive phylogenetic tree inferred from SSU rRNA gene sequences using Maximum Likelihood analysis with the model selected by AIC in MRMODELTEST for Bayesian analysis. Numbers at the nodes represent the bootstrap percentages from 1 000 replicates for ML analysis. Asterisks indicate bootstrap values less than 50% at a given node. Evolutionary distance is represented by the branch length separating the species in the figure. The scale bar corresponds to ten substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions.

Fig. 3 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat

Fig. 3. SEM images of major axis in Tintinnopsis estuariensis Zhang, Feng & Yu, sp. nov. Scale bars: A=100 μm; B – C=10 μm.

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Fig. 1 in The First Record of Intestinal Ciliates from the Mountain Zebra (Equus zebra) in South Africa

Fig. 1. (A–O) Endosymbiotic ciliates from mountain zebra of South Africa: A – Alloiozona trizona, B – Holophryoides macrotricha, C – Blepharosphaera ceratotherii, D – Holophryoides ovalis, E – Blepharocorys angusta m. triangulata, F – Blepharocorys angusta m. ovata, G – Blepharoprosthium pireum, H – Blepharoconus sp., I – Bundleia postciliata, J – Bundleia piriformis, K – Bundleia inflata, L – Bundleia benbrooki. M – Spirodinium nanum, N – Triplumaria sp. "A", O – Triplumaria sp. "B". Differential interference contrast, N, O – reconstruction from 3 images. Scale bars: 10 µm.

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Figs 5A–I in A Study on Resting Cysts of an Oxytrichid Soil Ciliate, Rigidohymena quadrinucleata (Dragesco and Njine, 1971) Berger, 2011 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), Including Notes on its Encystation and Excystation Process

Figs 5A–I. Rigidohymena quadrinucleata, resting cysts and excystants in the light microscope, the rare mode of excystation. A–E – the beginning of excystation with formation of excystation vacuole and the cyst wall ruptures under the pressure of excystant and excystation vacuole (circular area marks the individual protuberances that were separated from the cyst wall, arrowhead marks regenerating ciliature); F–I – during the rare excystation mode, the regenerating excystant breaks the transparent membrane first, inside the resting cyst. CW – cyst wall, EV – excystation vacuole, EX – excystant, MA – macronucleus, TM – transparent membrane, TS – transparent space. Scale bars: 30 μm.

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Figs 1A–D in A Study on Resting Cysts of an Oxytrichid Soil Ciliate, Rigidohymena quadrinucleata (Dragesco and Njine, 1971) Berger, 2011 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), Including Notes on its Encystation and Excystation Process

Figs 1A–D. Rigidohymena quadrinucleata, trophic specimen and schematic illustrations of morphology of resting cysts. A – ventral view of a representative trophic specimen from the studied Slovak population; B – illustration of resting cyst based on transmission electron microscopy investigations; C, D – illustrations of young and mature resting cysts based on light microscopy investigations. 1–6 – six fronto-ventral-transverse cirral rows, AV – autophagic vacuole, AZM – adoral zone of membranelles, CC – caudal cirri, CS – "curious structures", CV – contractile vacuole, CX – cortex, EC – ectocyst, EM – endoral membrane, EN – endocyst, FV – food vacuole, LMR – left marginal cirral row, M – mitochondria, MA – macronucleus, MC – mesocyst, MI – micronucleus, MT – metacyst, PM – paroral membrane, RMR – right marginal cirral rows, SP – spine-like protuberances, TC – transverse cirri. Scale bars: 25 µm (A); 5 µm (B); 25 µm (C, D).

Fig. 5 in A New Marine Cyrtophorid Ciliate, Dysteria nabia nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Phyllopharyngea: Cyrtophorida: Dysteriidae), from South Korea

Fig. 5. Maximum likelihood tree based on SSU RNA gene sequences, showing the position of Dysteria nabia nov. spec (bold font). Numbers at the nodes represent the Bayesian posterior probability value and the bootstrap values from maximum likelihood. Solid circles represent full support in both algorithms.

Figs 4A–O in A New Marine Cyrtophorid Ciliate, Dysteria nabia nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Phyllopharyngea: Cyrtophorida: Dysteriidae), from South Korea

Figs 4A–O. Morphology and infraciliature of Dysteria nabia nov. spec. and closely related Dysteria species. A, B – D. nabia nov. spec. from life (A) and after protargol impregnation (B); C–D – D. ovalis (Gourret and Roeser, 1886) Kahl, 1931 (C, from Fauré-Fremiet 1965; D, from Kahl 1931); E–F – D. pectinata (Nowlin, 1913) Kahl, 1931 (from Gong et al. 2007); G–H – D. procera Kahl, 1931 (from Gong and Song 2003); I–J – D. proraefrons Clark, 1865 (from Pan et al. 2011); K – D. angustata (Claparede & Lachmann, 1858) (from Kahl 1931); L – D. meridionalis Dragesco, 1965 (from Dragesco 1966); M – D. astyla (Maskell, 1877) (from Kahl 1931); N – D. reesi Kahl, 1931 (from Kahl 1931); O – D. sulcata Claparede & Lachmann, 1858 (from Kahl 1931). Scale bars: 40 μm (A–B, I–J), 30 μm (E), 50 μm (G, L).

Figs 2A–I in A New Marine Cyrtophorid Ciliate, Dysteria nabia nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Phyllopharyngea: Cyrtophorida: Dysteriidae), from South Korea

Figs 2A–I. Photomicrographs of living specimens of Dysteria nabia nov. spec. A, B – left lateral view of two typical individuals, arrows in (A) and (B) indicate the cytopharyngeal rod and podite, respectively, arrowheads indicate the groove on the left plate; C – left lateral view of an elongate specimen, arrow indicates the equatorial transverse stripe and arrowhead the groove on the left plate; D – left side view, arrow indicates the equatorial transverse stripe and arrowhead the complex teeth; E – left side view, arrow indicates the contractile vacuole pore and arrowhead the glandule; F – right kineties of the posterior portion, arrowheads indicate the innermost right kinety; G – left side view, arrow indicates the contractile vacuole pore and arrowhead the left kineties; H–I – left side view, arrowheads in (H) and (I) indicate the contractile vacuole pore and protuberances on the margins of the right kineties, respectively. Ma – macronucleus. Scale bars: 50 μm.

Figs 1A–F in A New Marine Cyrtophorid Ciliate, Dysteria nabia nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Phyllopharyngea: Cyrtophorida: Dysteriidae), from South Korea

Figs 1A–F. Morphology of Dysteria nabia nov. spec. from life (A, B), after protargol (C–E), and silver nitrate impregnation (F). The hapantotype (A–E) and paratype (F) specimens were investigated. A, B – left side view of two individuals with differing body size and shape; C, D – left side view showing the infraciliature, arrowheads indicate the kinetosome-like granules at the base of the podite; E – left side view of late-stage divider, showing the anlagen for the left kineties (arrows), the contractile vacuole pores (arrowheads), and the anlagen for terminal fragments in the opisthe (double-headed arrow); F – left side view showing the silverline system, arrowhead indicates the equatorial transverse stripe. Co – circumoral kineties, CVP – contractile vacuole pore, EF – equatorial fragment, Lf – left frontal kineties, LK – left kineties, Ma – macronucleus, P – podite, Pr – preoral kineties, RK – right kineties, TF – terminal fragment. Scale bars: 40 μm.

Fig. 4 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 4. Morphometric characteristics of Ephelota gigantea collected from cultured wakame in the coastal area of Fudai in 2010 (n = 100). Vertical bars represent ± 1 SD. Different letters above the columns indicate significant differences for each body part measured.

Figs 3a–d in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Figs 3a–d. Temporal change in biological characteristics of Ephelota gigantea. a – attached density. Vertical bars represent ± 1 SE; b – percentage of cells infected by the parasite; c – percentage of budding cells; d – seasonal change of surface water temperature in the coastal area of Noda, Iwate Prefecture from late March to late June, 2010.

Fig. 7 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 7. Relationship between body width and body length of all individuals of Ephelota gigantea measured on formalin-preserved samples at each sampling

Fig. 5 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 5. Histograms of stalk length, body length, and body width of Ephelota gigantea preserved in formalin.