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FIGURE 4 in National Herbarium Plant Collecting Programme reveals new country and provincial distribution records from South African National Parks (Apocynaceae, Asteraceae & Xanthorrhoeaceae: Asphodeloideae)

FIGURE 4. Orthanthera jasminiflora from Bloemhof, North-West Province, South Africa (photographs by S.P. Bester). A. Inflorescence and leaves. B. Single flower with swollen base and relatively long segments. C. Trailing stems depicting the habit—individual stems up to 15 m long. All from Bester 5301 (PRE). Scale bars all 30 mm.

FIGURE 3 in National Herbarium Plant Collecting Programme reveals new country and provincial distribution records from South African National Parks (Apocynaceae, Asteraceae & Xanthorrhoeaceae: Asphodeloideae)

FIGURE 3. Orthanthera albida from the Richtersveld National Park, Northern Cape Province, South Africa (photographs by S.P. Bester). A. Plant (in foreground) in habit—transitional zone between Lower Gariep Alluvial vegetation and Richtersveld Sheet Wash Desert (Mucina & Rutherford 2006). B. Close-up of sessile inflorescence, flowers yellow to yellow-green. C. Fruit, cream background mottled maroon. All from Bester 10112 (PRE). Scale bar: A = 45 cm, B = 12 mm, C = 15 mm.

FIGURE 5 in National Herbarium Plant Collecting Programme reveals new country and provincial distribution records from South African National Parks (Apocynaceae, Asteraceae & Xanthorrhoeaceae: Asphodeloideae)

FIGURE 5. Doellia cafra (photographs by P.P.J. Herman). A. Capitula showing the outer female florets in many rows and a few central disc florets. B. Outer female floret showing the filiform corolla and exserted style. C. Cypsela showing the pappus bristles. Pulicaria scabra (photographs by P.P.J. Herman). D. Capitula showing the outer female florets in one row and many disc florets. E. Outer female floret with short but distinct corolla limb. F. Cypsela showing the outer pappus scales fused in a corona and inner pappus bristles. A–C from Koekemoer 2693 (PRE). D from Leendertz 1127 (PRE). E from Van Rooyen 2314 (PRE). F from Hafström Herb. H960 (PRE). Scale bars all 4 mm.

FIGURE 2 in National Herbarium Plant Collecting Programme reveals new country and provincial distribution records from South African National Parks (Apocynaceae, Asteraceae & Xanthorrhoeaceae: Asphodeloideae)

FIGURE 2. Known distribution of Orthanthera albida,. New localities, ̝. Specimens housed at PRE and NBG.

FIGURE 1 in National Herbarium Plant Collecting Programme reveals new country and provincial distribution records from South African National Parks (Apocynaceae, Asteraceae & Xanthorrhoeaceae: Asphodeloideae)

FIGURE 1. Number of species per quarter degree grid, for the FSA region, housed in PRE (2010). Grids with less than 200 species are generally regarded as under-collected.

Distribution. Llamas are found at 3800-5000 m above sea level in the Central Andes, from C Peru to W Bolivia and N Argentina. Llama distribution reached its apex during the expansion of the Inca Empire (1470-1532 ap), when pack trains were used to carry supplies for the royal armies to S Colombia and C Chile. Although originally indigenous and endemic to South America, Llamas have now been exported to countries around the world as a companion animal, featured in livestock shows, used for trekking and backpacking, cottage industry and home use ofits wool, and in North America increasingly utilized as a guard animal for protecting sheep and goats from canid predators. in Camelidae

Distribution. Llamas are found at 3800-5000 m above sea level in the Central Andes, from C Peru to W Bolivia and N Argentina. Llama distribution reached its apex during the expansion of the Inca Empire (1470-1532 ap), when pack trains were used to carry supplies for the royal armies to S Colombia and C Chile. Although originally indigenous and endemic to South America, Llamas have now been exported to countries around the world as a companion animal, featured in livestock shows, used for trekking and backpacking, cottage industry and home use ofits wool, and in North America increasingly utilized as a guard animal for protecting sheep and goats from canid predators.

Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest. in Suidae

Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest.

Distribution. Main tropical rainforest belt from Senegal and Guinea Bissau to NW Uganda and E DR Congo, reaching as S boundary N Angola (Cabinda); no recent records from Gambia or Chad and its presence is uncertain in S Sudan and SW Ethiopia. As a species that may range widely through gallery forests, it may also occur in adjacent countries. in Suidae

Distribution. Main tropical rainforest belt from Senegal and Guinea Bissau to NW Uganda and E DR Congo, reaching as S boundary N Angola (Cabinda); no recent records from Gambia or Chad and its presence is uncertain in S Sudan and SW Ethiopia. As a species that may range widely through gallery forests, it may also occur in adjacent countries.

Subspecies and Distribution. H.b.bruceiGray,1868—Ethiopia. H.b.albipesHollister,1922—Kenya. H.b.bakeriGray,1874—Uganda. H.b.bocageiGray,1869—Angola. H.b.chapiniHatt,1933—DRCongo. H.b.dieseneriBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.fromm:Brauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.grantiWroughton,1910—SouthAfrica. H.b.hindeiWroughton,1910—Kenya. H.b.hoogstraaliSetzer,1956—Sudan. H.b.kemp:Thomas,1910—Kenya. H.b.lademanniBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.manningiWroughton,1910—Malawi. H.b.mossambicusPeters,1870—Mozambique. H.b.muenzneriBrauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.princepsThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.prittwitziBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.pumilusThomas,1910—Somaliland. H.b.rudd:Wroughton,1910—Mozambique. H.b.rudolfiThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.somalicusThomas,1892—Somaliland. H.b.ssongeaeBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.thomasiNeumann,1901—Sudan. H. b. victorianjansae Brauer, 1917 — Tanzania. Endemic to Africa from NE Sudan throughout the Horn of Africa, south to Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces in South Africa, and also isolated populations in Angola. Determining the limits of subspecific distribution is not possible for the moment, but the subspecies and the countries bearing their type localities are included above. in Procaviidae

Subspecies and Distribution. H.b.bruceiGray,1868—Ethiopia. H.b.albipesHollister,1922—Kenya. H.b.bakeriGray,1874—Uganda. H.b.bocageiGray,1869—Angola. H.b.chapiniHatt,1933—DRCongo. H.b.dieseneriBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.fromm:Brauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.grantiWroughton,1910—SouthAfrica. H.b.hindeiWroughton,1910—Kenya. H.b.hoogstraaliSetzer,1956—Sudan. H.b.kemp:Thomas,1910—Kenya. H.b.lademanniBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.manningiWroughton,1910—Malawi. H.b.mossambicusPeters,1870—Mozambique. H.b.muenzneriBrauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.princepsThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.prittwitziBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.pumilusThomas,1910—Somaliland. H.b.rudd:Wroughton,1910—Mozambique. H.b.rudolfiThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.somalicusThomas,1892—Somaliland. H.b.ssongeaeBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.thomasiNeumann,1901—Sudan. H. b. victorianjansae Brauer, 1917 — Tanzania. Endemic to Africa from NE Sudan throughout the Horn of Africa, south to Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces in South Africa, and also isolated populations in Angola. Determining the limits of subspecific distribution is not possible for the moment, but the subspecies and the countries bearing their type localities are included above.

Subspecies and Distribution. O.a.aferPallas,1766—NEBotswana,Zimbabwe,SouthAfrica,Swaziland,Lesotho. O.a.adametziGrote.1921-NWCameroon. O.a.aethiopicusSundevall,1843-Sudan,Uganda. O.a.albicaudusRothschild,1907-Angola,WZambia,Namibia,Botswana. O.a.angolensisZukowsky&Haltenorth,1957-WAngola. O.a.erikssoniLönnberg,1906-NDRCongo. O.a.faradjiusHatt,1932-NEDRCongo,NWUganda. O.a.haussanusMatschie,1900-Togo. O.a.kordofanicusRothschild,1927-CSudan. O.a.lademanniGrote,1921-CTanzania. O.a.leptodonHirst,1906-Cameroon. O.a.matschieiGrote,1921—SETanzania. O.a.observandusGrote,1921-STanzania. O.a.ruvanensisGrote,1921—Rwanda,NTanzania. O.a.senegalensisLesson,1840-Senegal. O.a.somalicusLydekker,1908-Somalia. O.a.wardiLydekker,1908-EDRCongo,NEZambia. O. a. wertheri Matschie, 1898 — NE Tanzania. The following countries fall within the distributional range of the Aardvark, but the subspecies status within each country is not resolved: Mauritania, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Burundi, Malawi, and Mozambique. in Orycetropodidae

Subspecies and Distribution. O.a.aferPallas,1766—NEBotswana,Zimbabwe,SouthAfrica,Swaziland,Lesotho. O.a.adametziGrote.1921-NWCameroon. O.a.aethiopicusSundevall,1843-Sudan,Uganda. O.a.albicaudusRothschild,1907-Angola,WZambia,Namibia,Botswana. O.a.angolensisZukowsky&Haltenorth,1957-WAngola. O.a.erikssoniLönnberg,1906-NDRCongo. O.a.faradjiusHatt,1932-NEDRCongo,NWUganda. O.a.haussanusMatschie,1900-Togo. O.a.kordofanicusRothschild,1927-CSudan. O.a.lademanniGrote,1921-CTanzania. O.a.leptodonHirst,1906-Cameroon. O.a.matschieiGrote,1921—SETanzania. O.a.observandusGrote,1921-STanzania. O.a.ruvanensisGrote,1921—Rwanda,NTanzania. O.a.senegalensisLesson,1840-Senegal. O.a.somalicusLydekker,1908-Somalia. O.a.wardiLydekker,1908-EDRCongo,NEZambia. O. a. wertheri Matschie, 1898 — NE Tanzania. The following countries fall within the distributional range of the Aardvark, but the subspecies status within each country is not resolved: Mauritania, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Burundi, Malawi, and Mozambique.

opennotspecifiedJan 2009View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. L. w. wiedit Schinz, 1821 — SE Brazil to NE Argentina. L. w. amazonicus Cabrera, 1917 — upper Amazonas, Brazil. L. w. boliviae Pocock, 1941 — Andean slopes. L. w. cooperi Goldman, 1943 — SE Texas to N Mexico border (could be extinct). L. w. glauculus Thomas, 1903 — dry country of Mexico. L. w. nicaraguaeJ. A. Allen, 1919 — Central America. L. w. vigens Thomas, 1904 — NE Brazil to the Guyanas. L. w. yucatanicus Nelson & Goldman, 1931 — rainforest regions of Mexico. in Felidae

Subspecies and Distribution. L. w. wiedit Schinz, 1821 — SE Brazil to NE Argentina. L. w. amazonicus Cabrera, 1917 — upper Amazonas, Brazil. L. w. boliviae Pocock, 1941 — Andean slopes. L. w. cooperi Goldman, 1943 — SE Texas to N Mexico border (could be extinct). L. w. glauculus Thomas, 1903 — dry country of Mexico. L. w. nicaraguaeJ. A. Allen, 1919 — Central America. L. w. vigens Thomas, 1904 — NE Brazil to the Guyanas. L. w. yucatanicus Nelson & Goldman, 1931 — rainforest regions of Mexico.

opennotspecifiedJun 2013View details →

FIGURES 52–55 in A review of the Cetoniinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Argentina and adjacent countries: systematics and geographic distributions

FIGURES 52–55. Male parameres: 52, Gymnetis chalcipes (Buenos Aires: Florencio Varela); 53, Gymnetis litigiosa (La Rioja: Los Molinos); 54, Gymnetis hepatica (paratype, Santiago del Estero: Sachayoj); 55, Gymnetis undata.

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Distribution. Armenia and NW & WC Iran; possibly also Turkey and Azerbaijan, although no specimens have been reported from either country. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Armenia and NW & WC Iran; possibly also Turkey and Azerbaijan, although no specimens have been reported from either country.

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. M.m.myotisBorkhausen,1797—S&CentralEurope,fromPortugaltoTurkey,alsoinBalearicIsandSicily,withthelimitsofitsdistributioninNofGermany,SofDenmark,Netherlands,NofPolandandWUkraine. M. m. macrocephalicus D. L. Harrison & Lewis, 1961 — E Mediterranean countries. in Vespertilionidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M.m.myotisBorkhausen,1797—S&CentralEurope,fromPortugaltoTurkey,alsoinBalearicIsandSicily,withthelimitsofitsdistributioninNofGermany,SofDenmark,Netherlands,NofPolandandWUkraine. M. m. macrocephalicus D. L. Harrison & Lewis, 1961 — E Mediterranean countries.

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Distribution. Widely distributed in Neotropics, occurring from S Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama S into all South American countries, except Chile; also on Trinidad I. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Widely distributed in Neotropics, occurring from S Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama S into all South American countries, except Chile; also on Trinidad I.

FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic revision of critical taxa of Elwendia (Umbelliferae-Apioideae) from Tajikistan and neighbouring countries, with descriptions of three new species from the Pamir-Alay and distributional novelties

FIGURE 5. Schematic transects of mericarps. A, Elwendia darwasica. B, Elwendia schistosa. C, Elwendia varsobica. D, Elwendia lindbergii. E, Elwendia kuhitangi. F, Elwendia salsa. 1. Exocarp; 2. Vallecular vittae; 3. Vascular bundle; 4. Mesocarp, non-lignified parenchyma cells; 5. Endosperm; 6. Rib secretory ducts; 7. Commissure. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic revision of critical taxa of Elwendia (Umbelliferae-Apioideae) from Tajikistan and neighbouring countries, with descriptions of three new species from the Pamir-Alay and distributional novelties

FIGURE 4. General views of mericarps. A, Elwendia darwasica. B, Elwendia schistosa. C, Elwendia varsobica. D, Elwendia kuhitangi. E, Elwendia salsa. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic revision of critical taxa of Elwendia (Umbelliferae-Apioideae) from Tajikistan and neighbouring countries, with descriptions of three new species from the Pamir-Alay and distributional novelties

FIGURE 2. Elwendia schistosa, holotype (MW barcode MW0595752). Courtesy of the National Depository Bank of Live Systems, Moscow State University.

FIGURE 8 in Taxonomic revision of critical taxa of Elwendia (Umbelliferae-Apioideae) from Tajikistan and neighbouring countries, with descriptions of three new species from the Pamir-Alay and distributional novelties

FIGURE 8. Bayesian tree obtained from the analysis of 56 nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETS sequences. Branch lengths are proportional to the number of the expected nucleotide substitutions. Bayesian posterior probabilities are indicated above nodes. New species are shown in bold.

Distribution. Formerly Anatolia, Turkey, then has been introduced into Europe from ancient times and later into many other countries in North and South America, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Fiji Is. The distribution map includes both the native range in Anatolia and the European continent with its old introductions. in Cervidae

Distribution. Formerly Anatolia, Turkey, then has been introduced into Europe from ancient times and later into many other countries in North and South America, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Fiji Is. The distribution map includes both the native range in Anatolia and the European continent with its old introductions.