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382 results for “Dune”
FIGURE 9. Transverse trackway from locality 490 in Morphology and sediment deformation of downslope Brasilichnium trackways on a dune slipface in the Nugget Sandstone of northeastern Utah, USA
FIGURE 9. Transverse trackway from locality 490, in sections. These are enlargements of sections of the composite photo in Figure 7. Sections do not overlap, but do abut one another. 1, the next section in the trackway, adjacent to and to the right of Figure 8.3. 2, the next section in the trackway, adjacent to and to the right of Figure 9.1. 3, the next section in the trackway, adjacent to and to the right of Figure 9.2. Scale bars equal 5 cm.
Global perspectives on sand dune patterns: Scale-adaptable classification using Landsat imagery and deep learning strategies
<p><span>Here we generated the global sand dune pattern map at a resolution of 30 m, named GSDP30. The GSDP30 map encompasses 11 types of sand dune patterns (SDPs): simple crescentic dunes, compound-complex crescentic dunes, simple linear dunes, compound-complex linear dunes, dome dunes, star dunes, parabolic dunes, dendritic dunes, network dunes, sand sheets, and others. The map is divided into 331 Tiff tiles, each characterized by a size of 15,360 × 15,360 pixels and named according to the longitude and latitude coordinates of its upper-left corner.</span></p>
Sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) decrease nymphal infection prevalence for tick-borne pathogens Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a coastal dune ecosystem
<p>1. Understanding which factors determine tick-borne disease hazard can contribute to effective disease control. In Europe, the hazard of the pathogens <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> s.l. and <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em> is determined by local tick densities (mainly <em>Ixodes ricinus</em>) and the reservoir competence of the host species community. Sand lizards (<em>Lacerta agilis</em>) are common hosts for larvae and nymphs of <em>I. ricinus</em> and non-competent reservoirs for both pathogens. Consequently, high relative abundance of <em>L. agilis</em> is hypothesized to be associated with lower infection prevalence in nymphs. Here, we aimed to test whether this effectively occurs in natural settings.</p> <p>2. We sampled different habitat types within a heterogenous dune landscape at the Dutch coast and estimated 1) <em>L. agilis</em> densities, 2) host community competence, 3) the density and infection prevalence of questing<em> I. ricinus</em> ticks, and 4) the number and infection prevalence of ticks feeding on <em>L. agilis</em>.</p> <p>3. Captured <em>L. agilis</em> had high tick burdens and contributed substantially to feeding <em>I. ricinus</em> larvae in their natural habitat. <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s.l. and <em>A. phagocytophilum</em> were virtually absent from feeding larvae and nymphs.</p> <p>4. The nymphal infection prevalence of both pathogens in questing ticks was lower in habitat types where <em>L. agilis</em> was more abundant. Hence, <em>L. agilis</em> strongly reduced community competence.</p> <p>5. The density of questing nymphs was higher in habitat types with denser vegetation and also varied more between habitat types than infection prevalence. As a result, nymphal density had a stronger effect on the density of infected ticks than did nymphal infection prevalence.</p> <p>6. Synthesis and applications. Coastal dune habitats favourable for <em>L. agilis</em> have lower densities of questing nymphs, and a lower human infection hazard. These results might be applicable to similar ecosystems where <em>L. agilis</em> is present. From a public health perspective, this underlines the importance of preserving early successional habitat, as encroaching shrubs are associated with higher tick-borne disease hazard, and vegetation removal might be a solution to reduce hazard in coastal dunes. The high degree of spatial heterogeneity in the abundance of tick-borne pathogens also poses opportunities to manage recreational activities to limit human exposure to tick-borne diseases.</p>
Climbing dune
<p>Climbing dune in Mazartagh mountain range</p> <p>location: Earth, 38°40'47" N, 80°22'46" E</p> <p>direction of photography: East</p> <p>date: April 30, 2016</p>
Fig. 1 in Adaptations of tenebrionid beetles to Mediterranean sand dune environments and the impact of climate change (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 1 – Relationship between activity and temperature in some tenebrionid species in Palestine investigated by Bodenheimer (1934). Activity intensity is expressed by the following rank scale: (1) cold-torpor, (2) only weak, occasional movements of legs and antennae, (3) crawling with interruptions, (4) normal activity, (5) high activity, (6) excited activity, (1) heat-torpor, (0) heat-death. Redrawn from Fattorini (2008) with corrections. Inset: Zophosis punctata (photo S. Fattorini).
Fig. 2 in Adaptations of tenebrionid beetles to Mediterranean sand dune environments and the impact of climate change (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 2 – Diel and monthly activity patterns of tenebrionid beetles of Mediterranean dunes. A, diel activity of Erodius siculus in Latium (Central Italy) in May 1997; B, diel activity of Pimelia bipunctata in Latium (Central Italy) in March 1997; C, diel activity of Pimelia bipunctata in the same locality in May 1997. In these experiments, activity was measured as number of individuals intercepted by pitfall traps per hour in single days. After counting, beetles were immediately released. N: number of trapped individuals per hour. Ta: ambient temperature (°C), Ti: soil internal (3-4 cm depth) temperature (°C), Ts: soil surface temperature (°C). D, Phenological patterns of Erodius siculus in Latium (Central Italy) and Sicily (Southern Italy). Phenologies are expressed as number of locations in which the species has been recorded in each month over a period of a century (from 1897 to 1997). A and D are based on Di Stefano & Fattorini (2002). B and C are based on Fattorini & Di Stefano (2004). Photos: courtesy of L. Di Biase.
Robotic Monitoring of Dunes: a dataset from the EU habitats 2110 and 2120 in Sardinia (Italy)
<p>Data collected between the 16th and the 19th of May 2022, in Platamona, 07037 (SS), Sardinia, Italy, within the Natura 2000 SAC ITB010003. The data acquisition has been conducted by a team composed of both robotic engineers and plant scientists. The platform used to collect the data is the ANYmal C quadrupedal robot. </p> <p>The dataset contains three different sets of data: <br> 1) species data - pictures and videos of three different typical species of the habitat 2110 and 2120 and one alien species.<br> 2) 3D mapping data - robot status and point cloud<br> 3) monitoring mission data - robot status and pictures and videos taken by the robot during the autonomous surveys.</p> <p>This dataset has a multidisciplinary scope and can be used by researchers in several fields. For instance, point clouds and information about the robot state could be used by robotic engineers to test or validate their own methods as well as benchmark the robot performance. On the other hand, plant videos and images recorded by the robot could be used by botanists to assess the quality of this information as well as the habitat's conditions, or by computer scientists interested in testing their AI algorithms for species detection and classification.</p>
Airflow dynamics and aeolian sand transport across a beach-climbing dune-clifftop dune system
<p>This study presents an analysis of wind flow and sediment transport from the beach, up a 50m high, long (130m), steep (mean slope 26°) climbing dune and across a 1.5 m high max, 85 m long and 17.5 m wide clifftop dune 30km south of Dakhla in Morocco, NW Africa during highly oblique incident wind conditions. Multiple 2D sonic and cup/vane anemometers and sand traps were utilised for measurements. Flow steering was significant on the upper climbing dune. Flow deceleration occurred near the dune toe, and topographic forcing of flow was considerable on the upper slopes of the climbing dune. Near-surface flow steadiness (CV<sub>U1</sub>, CV<sub>U0.25</sub>) on the climbing dune straight slope segment was low and constant The distance upslope over which the airflow reached the speed comparable to that on the beach increases as the incident wind speed increases. The greatest flow acceleration and speed-up was observed at the cliff edge reaching 250% at 1m height and 220% at 0.25m height for the lowest incident wind speed class (4-5 m/s). The sand transport rate declined from the beach to the climbing dune toe and lower slope, but at the uppermost section of the climbing dune was 4 times higher than at the beach for the 7-8m/s incident wind speed. Sand in aeolian transport was generally finer than surface sand with mean grain size increasing up the slope. A comparison of the sand transport data collected with sand transport models, and the effects of slope on aeolian transport are also examined.</p>
Data from: Inversions contribute disproportionately to parallel genomic divergence in dune sunflowers
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Interactions outside local patches contribute to the compound topology of plant-pollinator networks in fragmented dune slacks
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Patterns of island fox habitat use in sand dune habitat on San Clemente Island
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Sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) decrease nymphal infection prevalence for tick-borne pathogens Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a coastal dune ecosystem
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Paleoecological pollen data from Deuce and Dune Lakes, Interior Alaska
Depth (cm) Pinaceae Undiff. Picea Undiff. Picea glauca-type Picea mariana-type cf Larix cf Juniperus Betulaceae Betula Undiff. Alnus Undiff. Salix Populus Undiff. Myrica Eleagnus Shepherdia Viburnum Ericales Undiff. Artemesia Cyperaceae Poaceae "Ranunculaceae, cf Anenome" Ranunculaceae Undiff. Rosaceae Undiff. Rumex/Oxyria Caryophyllaceae Solidago-type Asteraceae Hedysarum-type Sanguisorba Veronica-type Triglochin Polygonum amphibium Epilobium Apiaceae Galium Brassicaceae Undiff. Lycopodium Undiff. Lycopodium annotinum Lycopodium obscurum Diphasiastrum complanatum Lycopodium selago Sphagnum Botrychium Undiff. Trilete spores Undiff. Monolete spores Undiff. Dryopteris Woodsia Equisetum Typha latifolia Myriophyllum Potomageton cf Callitriche Pediastrum Ceratophyllum spines Indeterminant Unknown Exotic Sum Trees and Shrubs Sum Upland Herbs Sum Pteridophytes Sum Aquatics Sum Pediastrum Ceratophyllum spines Sum Indeterminable and Unidentified Pollen Sum Pollen Sum + Aquatics "Pollen Sum + Aquatics, Spores, Indet,Unk" Pollen Sum + Terr. spores Pollen Sum + Pediastrum "vol. of sample (cc, exc dunef: ml)" # of spike tablets conc. of spike (spores/tablet).
Fertilization Above and Below Ground Biomass and Species Number on Hog Island Dunes, 1991
A one-year study on the accreting north end of Hog Island, VA, provided the opportunity to quantify amounts of plant biomass along a natural dune chronosequence (24, 36, and 120+ year-old dunes) and biomass response to experimental additions of nitrogen. Total aboveground biomass, root biomass, and species number in 1-m2 plots on the dunes across the North Hog Chronosequence. Treatment plots included screened, fertilized, and screened & fertilized.
Dune Biomass on Hog Island, Virginia Coastal Barrier Islands, 1993-2012
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Characterizing the groundwater flow pathways and recharge sources of a desert inter-dune aquifer system by geophysical approaches and multiple isotopes (B, H and O)
<p>Major cations and anions, and H, O, and B isotope data of South Sumujaran Lake of Badain Jaran Desert, China</p>
Data from: The contribution of hybridization to range‐wide population genetic structure in a Pacific coastal dune plant
<p>Premise of the study: Interspecific hybridization can cause genetic structure across species ranges if the mating system and degree of sympatry/parapatry with close relatives varies geographically. The coastal dune endemic <em>Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia</em> (Onagraceae) exhibits genetic subdivisions across its range, some of which are associated with shifts in mating system from outcrossing to selfing, while others are not. For instance, strong differentiation between large-flowered, self-incompatible (LF-SI) and large-flowered, self-compatible (LF-SC) populations occurs without much reduction in outcrossing or obvious barriers to gene flow. We hypothesized that LF-SI diverged from LF-SC via hybridization with the predominantly inland SI sister species <em>C. bistort</em>a.</p> <p>Methods: We analyzed spatial proximity using 1460 herbarium records, and genetic variation at 12 microsatellites assayed for 805 and 404 individuals from 32 <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and 18 <em>C. bistorta</em> populations, respectively. We also assayed nine chloroplast microsatellites for 124 and 111 individuals from 27 and 19 populations, respectively. </p> <p>Key results: Closer parapatry was associated with unexpectedly high genetic continuity between LF-SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and <em>C. bistorta</em>. LF-SI genotypes clustered with <em>C. bistorta</em> exclusive of other <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> genotypes. Similarly, pairwise FST among SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and <em>C. bistorta</em>, adjusted for geographic proximity, was not higher between heterospecific than conspecific populations. </p> <p>Conclusions: The lack of genetic differentiation between LF-SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and <em>C. bistorta</em> populations, even those located away from the zone of parapatry, suggests that LF-SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> instead of hybridizing with <em>C. bistorta</em> is rather an ecotype of <em>C. bistorta</em> that has adapted to coastal dune habitat independent of other lineages in <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> proper.</p>
Back into the past: Resurveying random plots to track community changes in Italian coastal dunes
<p>This dataset includes two excel sheets. The first contains vegetation data ("species_data", a matrix of 668 plots x 213 species) and the second contains plant functional traits data ("traits_data") that were used to evaluate temporal changes in taxonomic and functional diversity of Mediterranean coastal dune habitats.</p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>As to the first sheet ("species_data"): vegetation data were collected at two points in time (Time 0, hereafter T<sub>0</sub>: 2002-2007, and Time 1, herafter T<sub>1</sub>: 2017-2018) in 334 randomly-sampled, georeferenced, standardized (4 m<sup>2</sup>) plots. Historical data used for the resurveying study were extracted from RanVegDunes (Sperandii et al. 2017). Details on the resurveying protocol can be found in Sperandii et al. (2019), but in short: resampling activities took place during the same months in which the original sampling was done, and plot positions were relocated using a GPS unit on which historical geographic coordinates were stored. Plots are located in coastal dune sites along the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic coasts of Central Italy, and belong to herbaceous communities classified into the following EU Habitats (sensu Annex I 92/43/EEC): upper beach (Habitat 1210), embryo dunes (Habitat 2110), shifting dunes (Habitat 2120), fixed dunes (Habitat 2210), and dune grasslands (Habitat 2230). A subset of plots could not be classified into an EU Habitat because they were highly disturbed or invaded by alien species ("NC-plots"). The matrix includes cover data, expressed as percentage (%) cover. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>As to the second sheet ("traits_data"): this sheet includes data on 3 plant functional traits, two of them quantitative (plant height, specific leaf area - SLA) and one qualitative (plant lifespan). Data for the quantitative traits represent species-level average trait values and were extracted from "TraitDunes", a database registered on the global platform TRY (Kattge et al., 2020). Functional trait data were collected in the same sites covered by the resurveying study. Functional trait data were originally measured on the most abundant species, and are available for a varying number of species depending on the trait.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>References:</p> <p>Kattge, J., Bönisch, G., Díaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I. C., Leadley, P., ... & Wirth, C. (2020). TRY plant trait database–enhanced coverage and open access. Global Change Biology.</p> <p>Sperandii, M.G., Prisco, I., Stanisci, A., & Acosta, A.T.R (2017). RanVegDunes-A random plot database of Italian coastal dunes. Phytocoenologia, 47(2), 231-232.</p> <p>Sperandii, M.G., Bazzichetto, M., Gatti, F., & Acosta, A.T.R. (2019). Back into the past: Resurveying random plots to track community changes in Italian coastal dunes. Ecological Indicators, 96, 572-578.</p>
A preliminary field trial to compare control techniques for invasive Berberis aquifolium in Belgian coastal dunes
Non-native Berberis aquifolium is notoriously invasive in Belgian coastal dunes. With its strong clonal growth through suckers, this evergreen shrub outcompetes native species and affects dune succession. To prevent further secondary spread and mitigate its impact, there was an urgent need for knowledge on the effectiveness of control measures, both at the plant and habitat level. Here, we report on a first control experiment. Individual B. aquifolium clones were subjected to one of four treatments (manual uprooting, foliar herbicide application, stem cutting followed by herbicide or salt application), with regrowth being measured up to one year after treatment. Plants proved most susceptible to foliar herbicide application (5% glyphosate solution), resulting in 77% of the clones apparently killed. We discuss the limitations of our experiment and the potential for actual field application of the different treatments. We present some guidelines for future control that may become further refined as experience builds up.
Multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of long-term wood decomposition within and among species in semiarid inland dunes: a dual role for stem diameter
<p>This is wood decomposition data conducted in an semiarid inland dune including mass loss, initial wood traits and k values of combinations between five diameter classes and four shrub species under different treatments including UV and litter position. We found that after 34 months of in situ incubation, the mass loss of buried woody litters was three times faster than those of suspended and surface woody litters (53.5 ± 2.7 %, 17.0 ± 1.0 % and 14.4± 1.2 %, respectively). In surface and suspended positions, litter decomposition rates were almost equally low and most mass loss was during the first two years, when bark was still attached and UV radiation had no significant effect on woody litter mass loss.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
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