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61 results for “Ectomycorrhizal fungi”
Data from: Is the switch to an ectomycorrhizal state an evolutionary key innovation in mushroom-forming fungi? a case study in the tricholomatineae (agaricales)
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Land-use history alters the diversity, community composition and interaction networks of ectomycorrhizal fungi in beech forests
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Data from: Species-area curve and distance-decay relationship indicate habitat thresholds of ectomycorrhizal fungi in an old-growth Pseudotsuga menziesii landscape
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A group of ectomycorrhizal fungi restricts organic matter accumulation in boreal forest
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Data from: Host phenology and potential saprotrophism of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the boreal forest
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Data from: Species turnover (β diversity) in ectomycorrhizal fungi linked to NH4+ uptake capacity
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Data from: Ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi respond differently to long-term experimentally increased snow depth in the High Arctic
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Data from: Janzen-Connell patterns can be induced by fungal-driven decomposition and offset by ectomycorrhizal fungi accumulated under a closely related canopy
1. Seedlings near a conspecific adult might suffer increased mortality due to pressure from enemies such as belowground pathogenic fungi (Janzen-Connell Hypothesis), however variation exists among taxa such that some experience low levels of mortality. We hypothesized that seedlings close to adults might profit, rather than suffer, from belowground fungi, notably from mycorrhiza or decomposers, in particular near large adult trees and under a closely related canopy. 2. We planted oak seedlings in a temperate forest at different distances from adults and followed seedling mortality, budburst (early budburst permitting photosynthesis during the best light conditions) and leaf herbivory. We applied fungicide on half of the seedlings for 2 years to identify the net effect of belowground fungi on seedlings. We quantified seedling mycorrhization and fungal-driven decomposition of a neighbourhood-specific and an unspecific substrate, local oak leaves and cellulose, respectively. Finally, we related mycorrhization and decomposition to seedling performance. 3. We found that, in seedlings planted close to conspecific adults, belowground fungi had a negative net effect on seedlings: elimination of fungi, surprisingly, decreased herbivory. This effect could be due to oak leaf decomposition, which related to increased seedling herbivory and was higher near a conspecific adult. Under a closely related canopy, however, the net effect of belowground fungi on nearby seedlings became positive: elimination of fungi delayed budburst. This effect could be due to colonization by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Cortinarius sp., which related to accelerated budburst and was higher near a conspecific under a closely related canopy. Effects of belowground fungi on nearby seedlings were not dependent on the size of the conspecific and were species- but not lineage-specific. 4. Overall, our results suggest that a Janzen-Connell-like pattern, i.e. increased mortality of seedlings near conspecific adult, can be (i) induced by specialist decomposers increasing the nutritional quality of conspecific seedlings to herbivores, and (ii) offset by ectomycorrhizal fungal mutualists under a closely related canopy. Coexistence among closely related adult trees appears to change interactions between adults and nearby conspecific seedlings from conspecific inhibition to conspecific facilitation.
Data from: Into and out of the tropics: global diversification patterns in a hyper-diverse clade of ectomycorrhizal fungi
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, symbiotic mutualists of many dominant tree and shrub species, exhibit a biogeographic pattern counter to the established latitudinal diversity gradient of most macroflora and fauna. However, an evolutionary basis for this pattern has not been explicitly tested in a diverse lineage. In this study, we reconstructed a mega-phylogeny of a cosmopolitan and hyper-diverse genus of ECM fungi, Russula, sampling from annotated collections and utilizing publically available sequences deposited in GenBank. Metadata from molecular operational taxonomic unit cluster sets were examined to infer the distribution and plant association of the genus. This allowed us to test for differences in patterns of diversification between tropical and extratropical taxa, as well as how their associations with different plant lineages may be a driver of diversification. Results show that Russula is most species-rich at temperate latitudes and ancestral state reconstruction shows that the genus initially diversified in temperate areas. Migration into and out of the tropics characterizes the early evolution of the genus, and these transitions have been frequent since this time. We propose the 'generalized diversification rate' hypothesis to explain the reversed latitudinal diversity gradient pattern in Russula as we detect a higher net diversification rate in extratropical lineages. Patterns of diversification with plant associates support host switching and host expansion as driving diversification, with a higher diversification rate in lineages associated with Pinaceae and frequent transitions to association with angiosperms.
Supplementary material 1 from: Moyano J, Chiuffo MC, Policelli N, Nuñez MA, Rodriguez-Cabal MA (2019) The interplay between propagule pressure, seed predation and ectomycorrhizal fungi in plant invasion. NeoBiota 42: 45-58. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.42.30978
: Data type: multimedia
Figure 1 from: Rosenblad MA, Martín MP, Tedersoo L, Ryberg M, Larsson E, Wurzbacher C, Abarenkov K, Nilsson RH (2016) Detection of signal recognition particle (SRP) RNAs in the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of three lineages of ectomycorrhizal fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota). MycoKeys 13: 21-33. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.13.8579
Figure 1 - Schematic illustration of the fungal ITS region and neighboring rDNA genes. The subregions ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 of the ITS region are indicated along with the SRP RNA in the first part of the ITS1. The absolute positions of the subregions and the SRP RNA are provided in Suppl. material 2.
Fine-resolution global maps of root biomass carbon colonized by arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi
<p><span>Despite the recognized importance of mycorrhizal associations in ecosystem functioning, the actual abundance patterns of mycorrhizal fungi belowground are still unknown. This information is key for better quantification of mycorrhizal impacts on ecosystem processes and for incorporating mycorrhizal pathways into global biogeochemical models. Here we present the first high-resolution maps of fine root stocks colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi (MgC ha−1). The maps were assembled by combining multiple open-source databases holding information on root biomass carbon, the proportion of AM and EcM tree biomass, plot-level relative abundance of plant species and intensity of AM and EcM root colonization. We calculated root-associated AM and EcM abundance in 881 spatial units, defined as the combination of ecoregions and land cover types across six continents. These maps serve as a basis for future research where continuous spatial estimates of root mycorrhizal stocks are needed.</span></p>
Fine-resolution global maps of root biomass carbon colonized by arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi
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Data from: Woodland ectomycorrhizal fungi benefit from large-scale reduction of nitrogen deposition in the Netherlands
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Data from: Into and out of the tropics: global diversification patterns in a hyper-diverse clade of ectomycorrhizal fungi
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Data from: Janzen-Connell patterns can be induced by fungal-driven decomposition and offset by ectomycorrhizal fungi accumulated under a closely related canopy
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Transcriptome comparison of ectomycorrhizal, ericoid and orchid mycorrhizal fungi
GEO Series GSE63947. Paxillus involutus; Piloderma croceum; Serendipita vermifera; Suillus luteus; Amanita muscaria; Hebeloma cylindrosporum; Oidiodendron maius; Tulasnella calospora. 42 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: High speciation rate at temperate latitudes explains unusual diversity gradients in a clade of ectomycorrhizal fungi
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Ectomycorrhizal fungi decompose humus-rich litter material using oxidative mechanisms adapted from saprotrophic ancestors
GEO Series GSE64897. Hebeloma cylindrosporum; Piloderma croceum; Leucogyrophana pinastri; Paxillus involutus; Suillus luteus; Serpula lacrymans; Jaapia argillacea; Laccaria bicolor; Coniophora puteana. 54 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Mechanisms of interaction between ectomycorrhizal fungi and the mycorrhiza helper bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens BBc6R8
GEO Series GSE38243. Pseudomonas fluorescens BBc6R8. 13 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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