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121 results for “Global climate change”
Invasive rodent responses to experimental and natural hurricanes with implications for global climate change
<p>Hurricanes cause dramatic changes to forests by opening the canopy and depositing debris onto the forest floor. How invasive rodent populations respond to hurricanes is not well understood, but shifts in rodent abundance and foraging may result from scarce fruit and seed resources that follow hurricanes. We conducted studies in a wet tropical forest in Puerto Rico to better understand how experimental (Canopy Trimming Experiment) and natural (Hurricane Maria) hurricane effects alter populations of invasive rodents (Rattus rattus [rats] and <em>Mus musculus</em> [mice]) and their foraging behaviors. To monitor rodent populations, we used tracking tunnels (inked and baited cards inside tunnels enabling identification of animal visitors' footprints) within experimental hurricane plots (arborist trimmed in 2014) and reference plots (closed canopy forest). To assess shifts in rodent foraging, we compared seed removal of two tree species (Guarea guidonia and Prestoea acuminata) between vertebrate-excluded and free-access treatments in the same experimental and reference plots, and did so 3 months before and 9 months after Hurricane Maria (2017). Trail cameras were used to identify animals responsible for seed removal. Rat incidences generated from tracking tunnel surveys indicated that rat populations were not significantly affected by experimental or natural hurricanes. Before Hurricane Maria there were no mice in the forest interior, yet mice were present in forest plots closest to the road after the hurricane, and their forest invasion coincided with increased grass cover resulting from open forest canopy. Seed removal of Guarea and Prestoea across all plots was rat dominated (75%-100% rat-removed) and was significantly less after than before Hurricane Maria. However, following Hurricane Maria, the experimental hurricane treatment plots of 2014 had 3.6 times greater seed removal by invasive rats than did the reference plots, which may have resulted from rats selecting post-hurricane forest patches with greater understory cover for foraging. Invasive rodents are resistant to hurricane disturbance in this forest. Predictions of increased hurricane frequency from expected climate change should result in forest with more frequent periods of grassy understories and mouse presence, as well as with heightened rat foraging for fruit and seed in pre-existing areas of disturbance.</p>
Data from "Projections of leaf turgor loss point shifts under future climate change scenarios" (Tordoni et al. 2022 Global Change Biology)
<p>The dataset includes four sheets representing the average turgor loss point (tlp) values at grid cell level (tlp_data) and the climatic variables and related climate change scenarios derived from the three models used in this study (HadGEM2-ES-RACMO22E, EC-EARTH_RACMO22E, EC-EARTH_CCLM4-8-17, respectively).</p> <p>The sheet "tlp_data" reports the cell ID (OGU) and the average tlp values for each taxonomic group considered in this study (gymnosperms, angiosperms, herbaceous and woody angiosperms). </p> <p>Each of the other three sheets reports the cell ID (OGU), coordinates of the cell centroid (Long, Lat) and a set of six climatic variables: 95<sup>th</sup> percentiles of average temperature (BIO1.95, °C), temperature seasonality (BIO4, °C), annual consecutive frost days where temperature was ≤ 0 °C (CFD.ann, n° days), annual consecutive dry days where precipitation was < 1 mm (CDD.ann, n° days), 5<sup>th</sup> percentiles of cumulate annual precipitation (BIO12.5, mm), and precipitation seasonality (BIO15, %). For each model, "hist" refers to historical data encompassing the period 1970-2005, whereas "RCP2.6" and "RCP8.5" reports the average value of future projections for the period 2080-2100 in two representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5).</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Will climate change cause the global peatland to expand or contract? Evidence from the habitat shift pattern of Sphagnum mosses
<p><span>Peatlands play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. <em>Sphagnum</em></span><span> mosses (</span><span>peat mosses) are considered to be the peatland ecosystem engineers and contribute to the carbon accumulation in the peatland ecosystems. As cold-adapted species, the dominance of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses in peatlands will be threatened by climate warming. The response of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses to climate change is closely related to the future trajectory of carbon fluxes in peatlands. However, the impact of climate change on the habitat suitability of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses on a global scale is poorly understood. To predict the potential impact of climate change on the global distribution of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses, we used the MaxEnt model to predict the potential geographic distribution of six <em>Sphagnum</em> species that dominate peatlands in the future (2050 and 2070) under two greenhouse gas emission scenarios (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5). The results show that the mean temperature of the coldest quarter, precipitation of the driest month, and topsoil calcium carbonate are the main factors affecting the habitat availability of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses. As the climate warms,<em> Sphagnum</em> mosses tend to migrate northward. The suitable habitat and abundance of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses increase extensively in the high-latitude boreal peatland (north of 50° N) and decrease on a large scale beyond the high-latitude boreal peatland. The southern edge of boreal peatlands would experience the greatest decline in the suitable habitat and richness of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses with the temperature rising, and would be a risk area for the transition from carbon sink to carbon source. The spatial-temporal pattern changes of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses simulated in this study provide a reference for the development of management and conservation strategies for <em>Sphagnum</em> bogs.</span></p>
Global potential invasion maps of traded birds under climate and land-cover change
<p>Biological invasions rank among the top five threatening factors affecting biodiversity, but ongoing changes in climate and land cover might exacerbate risks. We used species distribution models for 609 traded bird species on the CITES list to examine the combined effects of projected climate change and land-cover change worldwide on the potential range expansion of bird species with commercial value as pets. The maps of potential invasion (may be inferred as the invasion risk) have been provided in the main manuscript and here, the potential invasion dataset for the current and future times is provided including the species distribution maps, all as GeoTiff files. The maps for the future time are provided for different future years and over a range of climate scenarios (SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585).</p>
Plant secondary metabolic responses to global climate change: A meta-analysis in medicinal and aromatic plants
<p><span>Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in plant-environment interactions and contribute greatly to human health. Global climate changes are expected to dramatically affect plant secondary metabolism, yet a systematic understanding of such influences is still lacking. Here, we employed medicinal and aromatic plants (MAAPs) as model plant taxa and performed a meta-analysis from 360 publications using 1828 paired observations to assess the responses of different SMs levels and the accompanying plant traits to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO<sub>2</sub>), elevated temperature (eT), elevated nitrogen deposition (eN), and decreased precipitation (dP). The overall results showed that phenolic and terpenoid levels generally respond positively to eCO<sub>2</sub> but negatively to eN, while the total alkaloid concentration was increased remarkably by eN. By contrast, dP promotes the levels of all SMs, while eT exclusively exerts a positive influence on the levels of phenolic compounds. Further analysis highlighted the dependence of SM responses on different moderators such as plant functional types, climate change levels or exposure durations, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Moreover, plant phenolic and terpenoid responses to climate changes could be attributed to the variations in C/N ratio and total soluble sugar levels, while the <em>trade-off</em> supposition contributed to SM responses to climate changes other than eCO<sub>2</sub>. Taken together, our results predicted the distinctive SM responses to diverse climate changes in MAAPs, and allowed us to define potential moderators responsible for these variations. Further, linking SM responses to C-N metabolism and growth-defence balance provided biological understandings in terms of plant secondary metabolic regulation.</span></p>
Global beta-diversity of angiosperm trees is shaped by Quaternary climate change
<p>This release contains the code and data used in the paper: Wu-Bing Xu et al., Global beta-diversity of angiosperm trees is shaped by Quaternary climate change. <em>Sci. Adv. </em><strong>9</strong>, eadd8553 (2023). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8553">10.1126/sciadv.add8553</a></p>
The legacy of one hundred years of climate change for organic carbon stocks in global agricultural topsoils - full dataset
<p>This zip folder contains a txt and a shp file with predicted soil organic carbon stocks for a total of 931149 points on agricultural land across the globe at three different timepoints. The initial value (2018) for the scenarios c (constant carbon input) and v (variable carbon input) was derived from the FAO GSP Global SOC map published in 2018. the values in 1969 and 1919 are the results of backwards modelling with RothC model to estimate past climate change effects on SOC stocks. Details can be found in the publication " The legacy of one hundred years of climate change for organic carbon stocks in global agricultural topsoils" as published in Scientific Reports.</p>
MAgPIE model runs csv for plotting: Climate change-driven global land-use system adaptation under CMIP6-based crop model projections
<p>This .zip file contains the data used to create the figures for the paper. It includes .csv files and .nc files for maps. This version includes additional files like the mapping between countries and MAgPIE're economic regions.</p>
Supplementary material for "Filter-feeding gelatinous macrozooplankton response to climate change and implications for benthic food supply and global carbon cycle"
<p>Simulation Outputs Description<br> ---------------------------</p> <p>This text file outlines the contents of the simulation outputs utilized in the analysis presented in Clerc et al. (2023). Pre-treated outputs are not provided for storage reasons, but the complete output can be made available upon request. Spatial files are regridded to a 1-degree resolution regular grid using the treatment: cdo remapdis,r360x180 in.nc out.nc.</p> <p>Folder Names:<br> --------------</p> <p>Here is a brief overview of the content within each folder.</p> <p>- TS_PICONTROL: Globally averaged time series for the PI-control runs spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- TS_RCP85: Globally averaged time series for the RCP8.5 runs spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- TS_RCP26: Globally averaged time series for the RCP2.6 runs spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- EXPORT_LAYERS_PICONTROL: Time-averaged Pi-control flux outputs at specified depth horizons over the indicated period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: gC/m2/yr.)</p> <p>- EXPORT_LAYERS_RCP85: Time-averaged RCP8.5 flux outputs at specified depth horizons over the indicated period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: gC/m2/yr.)</p> <p>- EXPORT_LAYERS_RCP26: Time-averaged RCP2.6 flux outputs at specified depth horizons over the indicated period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: gC/m2/yr.)</p> <p>- SURFACE_LAYERS_RCP85: Vertically integrated (0-300m) time-averaged RCP8.5 outputs over the specified period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: mmolC/m3.)</p> <p>- SURFACE_LAYERS_RCP26: Vertically integrated (0-300m) time-averaged RCP2.6 outputs over the specified period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: mmolC/m3.)</p> <p>- SURFACE_LAYERS_PICONTROL: Vertically integrated (0-300m) time-averaged PiControl outputs over the specified period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: mmolC/m3.)</p> <p>- CHLOROPHYLL: Surface chlorophyll on a 360x180 degree grid, time-averaged over the indicated period. (Units: mg Chl/m3.)</p> <p>- TS_BIOME: Biome-specific averaged time series spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- TS_CFLX: Globally averaged carbon uptake time series spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC/yr.)</p> <p>- BIOMES: Biome masks on a regular 360x180 grid.</p> <p>Filename Conventions:<br> -----------------------</p> <p>Please refer to the following conventions for filenames.</p> <p>MODEL:<br> - PISCES-FFGM: SLP<br> - PISCES-v2: STD<br> - PISCES-GM: MAC</p> <p>FORCING:<br> - Pi-control: PI<br> - Climate-change scenario: AD</p> <p>PERIOD:<br> - 1881-1900: PRI<br> - 1995-2014: HIS<br> - 2081-2100: FUT</p> <p>DEPTH:<br> - 0-300 m: dmin0_dmax300<br> - 100 m: ilevel9<br> - 1000 m: ilevel21<br> - Seafloor: seafloor</p> <p>BIOMES:<br> - High Chlorophyll: HC<br> - Intermediate Chlorophyll: IC<br> - Low Chlorophyll: LC<br> - Southern Ocean: SO<br> - Arctic Ocean: LCA</p> <p>NetCDF Variables:<br> ------------------</p> <p>- SALP: Filter-feeding gelatinous Macrozooplankton (FFGM)<br> - ZOO3: Generic Macrozooplankton (GM)<br> - ZOO2: Mesozooplankton<br> - ZOO: Microzooplankton<br> - PHY: Nanophytoplankton<br> - PHY2: Diatoms<br> - POC: Small particles (quantity or flux)<br> - GOC: Large particles (quantity or flux)<br> - SPCC: FFGM carcasses carbon (content or flux)<br> - SPFC: FFGM fecal pellets carbon (content or flux)<br> - MPCC: GM carcasses carbon (content or flux)<br> - MPFC: GM fecal pellets carbon (content or flux)<br> - CHL: Chlorophyll<br> - Cflx: Carbon uptake<br> - NO3: Nitrate<br> - PO4: Phosphate<br> - O2: Oxygen</p> <p>For any inquiries or data access requests, please contact corentin.clerc -at- usys.ethz.ch.</p>
Plant secondary metabolic responses to global climate change: A meta-analysis in medicinal and aromatic plants
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Data from: Climate change is predicted to impact the global distribution and richness of pines (genus Pinus) by 2070
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Data from: Precipitation and temperature timings underlying bioclimatic variables rearrange under climate change globally
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Data from: The effects of climate change on mesocarnivores: A global review and meta-analysis
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Data from: Winter coat color polymorphisms identify global hotspots for evolutionary rescue from climate change
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Global impacts of climate change on avian functional diversity
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Data from: Solute production and transport processes in Chinese monsoonal rivers: Implications for global climate change
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Global ecosystem restoration has unexpectedly low potential to mitigate climate change
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Data from: Will climate change cause the global peatland to expand or contract? Evidence from the habitat shift pattern of Sphagnum mosses
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Global potential invasion maps of traded birds under climate and land-cover change
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Invasive rodent responses to experimental and natural hurricanes with implications for global climate change
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.