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3,415 results for “Gut”
Gut Fluorescence measurements of mesozooplankton grazing on autotrophic prey. Samples collected in the CCE-LTER region on Process Cruises from 2006 to the present. Summaries for each Lagrangian Cycle.
Mesozooplankton are collected with plankton nets (typically a 71-cm diameter, 202-um mesh Bongo net) and samples flash frozen at sea in liquid N2 for subsequent shore-based measurements of ingested phytoplankton chlorophyll-a. Measurements of mesozooplankton gut fluorescence are done by fluorometric analysis on a Turner Designs fluorometer of gut pigments extracted in 90% acetone. Analyses are done on mesozooplankton size-fractionated into 5 different categories on Nitex mesh (> 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 5.0 mm). The pigment content (as Chl-a and phaeopigments) is then expressed as mass of pigment ingested per m3 of water filtered, or divided by the dry weight biomass of the mesozooplankton in the same sample in order to obtain mass-specific ingestion per m3 of water. Application of published values of the temperature-dependent gut passage time are used to estimate the mesozooplankton grazing rate, as pigments ingested per m3 per unit time, or the corresponding mass-specific rate of ingestion. Samples for gut fluorescence assays have been collected on CCE-LTER Process Cruises since 2006 and these collections are ongoing.
TIPP 2.0.0 taxonomic profiling of the CAMI 2 Mouse Gut Toy data set, samples 0-63
<strong>Software: </strong>TIPP<br><strong>SoftwareVersion: </strong>2.0.0<br><strong>DataURL: </strong> https://data.cami-challenge.org/participate<br><strong>SoftwareURL:</strong> https://github.com/smirarab/sepp<br><strong>DockerImage:</strong> stefanjanssen/docker_profiling_tools:tipp<br><strong>IsBiobox:</strong> True<br><strong>BioboxYAMLFile:</strong> https://zenodo.org/record/3629567/files/biobox.yaml?download=1<br><strong>ReferenceDatabase:</strong> 2015<br><strong>ShortReadsUsed:</strong> True<br><strong>LongReadsUsed:</strong> False<br><strong>CommandsUsed:</strong> docker run \<br>--volume="/path/to/19122017_mousegut_scaffolds_yaml:/bbx/mnt/yaml:ro" \<br>--volume="/path/to/19122017_mousegut_scaffolds:/bbx/mnt/input:ro" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output:/bbx/mnt/output:rw" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output/metadata:/bbx/metadata:rw" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output/cache:/cache:rw" \<br>stefanjanssen/docker_profiling_tools:tipp
Bracken 2.5 taxonomic profiling of the CAMI 2 Mouse Gut Toy data set, samples 0-63
<strong>Software: </strong>Bracken<br><strong>SoftwareVersion: </strong>2.5<br><strong>DataURL: </strong> https://data.cami-challenge.org/participate<br><strong>SoftwareURL:</strong> https://github.com/jenniferlu717/Bracken<br><strong>DockerImage:</strong> cami/bracken:2.5<br><strong>IsBiobox:</strong> True<br><strong>BioboxYAMLFile:</strong> https://zenodo.org/record/3629567/files/biobox.yaml?download=1<br><strong>ReferenceDatabase:</strong> Kraken standard db built May 2019<br><strong>ShortReadsUsed:</strong> True<br><strong>LongReadsUsed:</strong> False<br><strong>CommandsUsed:</strong> docker run \<br>--volume="/path/to/19122017_mousegut_scaffolds_yaml:/bbx/mnt/yaml:ro" \<br>--volume="/path/to/19122017_mousegut_scaffolds:/bbx/mnt/input:ro" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output:/bbx/mnt/output:rw" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output/metadata:/bbx/metadata:rw" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output/cache:/cache:rw" \<br>cami/bracken:2.5
CAT 4.6 taxonomic binning of the CAMI 2 Mouse Gut Toy data set, gold standard pooled assembly
<p>Taxonomic binning of the gold standard pooled assembly<br> <strong>Software: </strong>CAT<br> <strong>SoftwareVersion: </strong>4.6<br> <strong>DataURL: </strong> https://data.cami-challenge.org/participate<br> <strong>SoftwareURL:</strong> https://github.com/dutilh/CAT<br> <strong>ReferenceDatabase:</strong> prebuilt 2018-12-12<br> <strong>Taxonomy:</strong> NCBI 2018-12-12<br> <strong>ShortReadsUsed:</strong> False<br> <strong>LongReadsUsed:</strong> False<br> <strong>CommandUsed:</strong> CAT contigs -c anonymous_gsa_pooled.fasta -d CAT_prepare_20181212/2018-12-12_CAT_database/ -t CAT_prepare_20181212/2018-12-12_taxonomy/ --tmpdir tmp --nproc 16</p>
PhyloPythiaS+ 1.4 taxonomic binning of the CAMI 2 Mouse Gut Toy data set, gold standard pooled assembly
<p>Taxonomic binning of the gold standard pooled assembly<br> <strong>Software: </strong>PhyloPythiaS+<br> <strong>SoftwareVersion: </strong>1.4<br> <strong>DataURL: </strong> https://data.cami-challenge.org/participate<br> <strong>SoftwareURL:</strong> https://github.com/algbioi/ppsp<br> <strong>DockerImage:</strong> cami/ppsp:1.4<br> <strong>IsBiobox:</strong> False<br> <strong>ReferenceDatabase:</strong> RefSeq 93, SILVA 132<br> <strong>Taxonomy:</strong> NCBI 2018-02-26<br> <strong>ShortReadsUsed:</strong> False<br> <strong>LongReadsUsed:</strong> False<br> <strong>CommandUsed:</strong> run_ppsp.py --pipelineDir ppsp_pipepline --inputFastaFile anonymous_gsa_pooled.fasta --databaseFile ncbi_taxonomy --refSeq refseq93 --s16Database SILVA_132 --mgDatabase reference_NCBI201502/mg5</p>
MetaPalette 1.0.0 taxonomic profiling of the CAMI 2 Mouse Gut Toy data set, samples 0-63
<strong>Software: </strong>MetaPalette<br><strong>SoftwareVersion: </strong>1.0.0<br><strong>DataURL: </strong> https://data.cami-challenge.org/participate<br><strong>SoftwareURL:</strong> https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1730624<br><strong>DockerImage:</strong> stefanjanssen/docker_profiling_tools:commonkmers<br><strong>IsBiobox:</strong> True<br><strong>BioboxYAMLFile:</strong> https://zenodo.org/record/3629567/files/biobox.yaml?download=1<br><strong>ReferenceDatabase:</strong> https://zenodo.org/record/1749272<br><strong>ShortReadsUsed:</strong> True<br><strong>LongReadsUsed:</strong> False<br><strong>CommandsUsed:</strong> docker run \<br>--volume="/path/to/19122017_mousegut_scaffolds_yaml:/bbx/mnt/yaml:ro" \<br>--volume="/path/to/19122017_mousegut_scaffolds:/bbx/mnt/input:ro" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output:/bbx/mnt/output:rw" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output/metadata:/bbx/metadata:rw" \<br>--volume="/path/to/output/cache:/cache:rw" \<br>--volume="/path/to/reference_database:/exchange/db:rw" \<br>stefanjanssen/docker_profiling_tools:commonkmers
MetaBAT 2.12.1 genome binning of the CAMI 2 Mouse Gut Toy data set, samples 0-63, gold standard pooled assembly
Genome binning of the gold standard pooled assembly <br><strong>Software: </strong>MetaBAT<br><strong>SoftwareVersion: </strong>2.12.1<br><strong>DataURL: </strong> https://data.cami-challenge.org/participate<br><strong>SoftwareURL:</strong> https://bitbucket.org/berkeleylab/metabat<br><strong>ShortReadsUsed:</strong> True<br><strong>LongReadsUsed:</strong> False<br><strong>CommandUsed:</strong> bowtie2-build anonymous_gsa_pooled.fasta anonymous_gsa_pooled.fasta<br>for i in {0..63}; do bowtie2 -q --threads 30 --fr -x anonymous_gsa_pooled.fasta --interleaved sample_${i}/anonymous_reads.fq -S anonymous_reads_sample_${i}.sam ; done<br>for i in {0..63}; do samtools view -b sample_${i}.sam -o anonymous_reads_sample_${i}.bam & done<br>for i in {0..63}; do samtools sort anonymous_reads_sample_${i}.bam -o anonymous_reads_sample_${i}.sorted.bam ; done<br>for i in {0..63}; do samtools index anonymous_reads_sample_${i}.sorted.bam ; done<br>runMetaBat.sh -l anonymous_gsa_pooled.fasta anonymous_reads_sample_*.sorted.bam
Kraken 2.0.8 beta taxonomic binning of the CAMI 2 Mouse Gut Toy data set, gold standard pooled assembly
<p>Taxonomic binning of the gold standard pooled assembly<br> <strong>Software: </strong>Kraken<br> <strong>SoftwareVersion: </strong>2.0.8 beta<br> <strong>DataURL: </strong> https://data.cami-challenge.org/participate<br> <strong>SoftwareURL:</strong> https://ccb.jhu.edu/software/kraken2/<br> <strong>ReferenceDatabase:</strong> built 2019-05-22<br> <strong>Taxonomy:</strong> NCBI 2019-05-22<br> <strong>ShortReadsUsed:</strong> False<br> <strong>LongReadsUsed:</strong> False<br> <strong>CommandUsed:</strong> kraken2-build --standard --db kraken2db_std --use-ftp<br> kraken2 --db kraken2db_std --threads 16 --output 19122017_mousegut_scaffolds.kraken --report 19122017_mousegut_scaffolds.kreport anonymous_gsa_pooled.fasta<br> cat 19122017_mousegut_scaffolds | awk '{print $2 "\t" $3}' > 19122017_mousegut_scaffolds.cami</p>
Dataset related to article "NKp46-expressing human gut-resident intraepithelial Vδ1 T cell subpopulation exhibits high antitumor activity against colorectal cancer"
<p>γδ T cells account for a large fraction of human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) endowed with potent antitumor activities. However, little is known about their origin, phenotype, and clinical relevance in colorectal cancer (CRC). To determine γδ IEL gut specificity, homing, and functions, γδ T cells were purified from human healthy blood, lymph nodes, liver, skin, and intestine, either disease-free, affected by CRC, or generated from thymic precursors. The constitutive expression of NKp46 specifically identifies a subset of cytotoxic Vδ1 T cells representing the largest fraction of gut-resident IELs. The ontogeny and gut-tropism of NKp46+/Vδ1 IELs depends both on distinctive features of Vδ1 thymic precursors and gut-environmental factors. Either the constitutive presence of NKp46 on tissue-resident Vδ1 intestinal IELs or its induced expression on IL-2/IL-15-activated Vδ1 thymocytes are associated with antitumor functions. Higher frequencies of NKp46+/Vδ1 IELs in tumor-free specimens from CRC patients correlate with a lower risk of developing metastatic III/IV disease stages. Additionally, our in vitro settings reproducing CRC tumor microenvironment inhibited the expansion of NKp46+/Vδ1 cells from activated thymic precursors. These results parallel the very low frequencies of NKp46+/Vδ1 IELs able to infiltrate CRC, thus providing insights to either follow-up cancer progression or to develop adoptive cellular therapies.</p> <p> </p> <p>This dataset is created with fcs files form, in order to guarantee the access we attach a pdf information about</p>
From Gut to Brain
<p>Popularisation of Science is essential to address latest developments in Science among the population.</p> <p>Public opinion plays an important role in advances of clinical studies and raising awareness on specific topics can facilitate clinical observational studies.</p> <p>This video is about the important role of Gut microbes or Microbiota, how the Gut can talk to the Brain and how this relates to lifestyle.</p>
Reproductive hormones mediate changes in the gut microbiome during pregnancy and lactation in Phayre's leaf monkeys
Studies in multiple host species have shown that gut microbial diversity and composition change during pregnancy and lactation. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these shifts are not well understood. Here, we use longitudinal data from wild Phayre's leaf monkeys to test the hypothesis that fluctuations in reproductive hormone concentrations contribute to gut microbial shifts during pregnancy. We described the microbial taxonomic composition of 91 fecal samples from 15 females (n=16 cycling, n=36 pregnant, n=39 lactating) using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and assessed whether the resulting data were better explained by overall reproductive stage or by fecal estrogen (fE) and progesterone (fP) concentrations. Our results indicate that while overall reproductive stage affected gut microbiome composition, the observed patterns were driven by reproductive hormones. Females had lower gut microbial diversity during pregnancy and fP concentration was negatively correlated with diversity. Additionally, fP concentration predicted both unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances, while reproductive state only predicted unweighted UniFrac distances. Seasonality (rainfall and periods of phytoprogestin consumption) additionally influenced gut microbial diversity and composition. Our results indicate that reproductive hormones, specifically progestagens, contribute to the shifts in the gut microbiome during pregnancy and lactation.
MMGC: custom Kraken2/Bracken database for analysing the mouse gut microbiome
<p>Custom Kraken2/Bracken database built using the representative genomes for 1,021 microbial species from the mouse gut microbiota. Genomes include isolates and MAGs, but all are near-complete (>90% completeness; <5% contamination; maximum genome size ≤ 8 Mb; maximum contig count ≤ 500; N50 ≥ 10 kb; mean contig length ≥ 5 kb). This database achieved a mean read classification rate of 87.7% when benchmarked on 1,785 independent (i.e. non-contributory) mouse gut shotgun metagenome samples. An equivalent human database (UHGG) only attained classification rates of 36.6%.</p> <p>This database is a publicly available resource to facilitate more efficient/deeper analyses of mouse gut shotgun metagenomes.</p> <p>Find out more about the Mouse Microbial Genome Collection at our <a href="https://github.com/BenBeresfordJones/MMGC">GitHub repository</a>.</p>
Putative mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes co-occurring with other antibiotic resistance genes are widespread in the human gut microbiome
<p><strong>The dataset from the article </strong><strong>Putative mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes co-occurring with other antibiotic resistance genes are widespread in the human gut microbiome</strong></p>
Data from: Hierarchical social networks shape gut microbial composition in wild Verreaux's sifaka
<p>In wild primates, social behaviour influences exposure to environmentally acquired and directly transmitted microorganisms. Prior studies indicate that gut microbiota reflect pairwise social interactions among chimpanzee and baboon hosts. Here, we demonstrate that higher-order social network structure—beyond just pairwise interactions—drives gut bacterial composition in wild lemurs, which live in smaller and more cohesive groups than previously studied anthropoid species. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and social network analysis of grooming contacts, we estimate the relative impacts of hierarchical (i.e. multilevel) social structure, individual demographic traits, diet, scent-marking, and habitat overlap on bacteria acquisition in a wild population of Verreaux's sifaka (<em>Propithecus</em> <em>verreauxi</em>) consisting of seven social groups. We show that social group membership is clearly reflected in the microbiomes of individual sifaka, and that social groups with denser grooming networks have more homogeneous gut microbial compositions. Within social groups, adults, more gregarious individuals, and individuals that scent-mark frequently harbour the greatest microbial diversity. Thus, the community structure of wild lemurs governs symbiotic relationships by constraining transmission between hosts and partitioning environmental exposure to microorganisms. This social cultivation of mutualistic gut flora may be an evolutionary benefit of tight-knit group living.</p>
Impacts of Food Limitation on Resistance of <i>Bombus impatiens</i> (Hymenoptera: Apidae) to the Gut Parasite <i>Crithidiai</i> (Trypanosomatida: Trypansomatidae)
<p>Data and R scripts for Conroy et al. experiment testing effects of nectar and pollen limitation on parasite load and survival of bumble bees (Bombus impatiens) infected with Crithidia</p>
Assembly-based analysis of the infant gut microbiome reveals novel ubiquitous plasmids
<p>Assembly-based plasmids found in the gut microbiome of 12 infants born in Norway (BabyBiome project).</p>
Data and Code: Host-derived organic acids enable gut colonization of the honey bee symbiont Snodgrassella alvi
<p>Raw data and codes underlying the CFU count, qPCR, metabolomics, and NanoSIMS data for the paper "Host-derived organic acids enable gut colonization of the honey bee symbiont Snodgrassella alvi". Data is subdivided by main figure in the paper. Additionally, raw GC-MS datafiles (.cdf) are provided in separate folders. </p>
Maternal body condition affects the response of the gut microbiome to a widespread contaminant in larval spined toads
<p>Datasets (metadata and phyloseq object) </p> <p>Scripts used for the statistical analyses</p>
When does antimicrobial resistance increase bacterial fitness? Effects of dosing, social interactions and frequency dependence on the benefits of AmpC β-lactamases in broth, biofilms and a gut infection model.
<p><span>One of the longstanding puzzles of antimicrobial resistance is why the frequency of resistance persists at intermediate levels.<span> </span>Theoretical explanations for the lack of fixation of resistance include cryptic costs of resistance or negative frequency-dependence but are seldom explored experimentally. <span> </span><em>β</em>-lactamases, which detoxify penicillin-related antibiotics, have well-characterized frequency-dependent dynamics driven by cheating and cooperation.<span> </span>However, bacterial physiology determines whether <em>β</em>-lactamases are cooperative and we know little about the sociality or fitness of <em>β</em>-lactamase producers in infections.<span> </span>Moreover, media-based experiments constrain how we measure fitness, and ignore important parameters such as infectivity and transmission among hosts.<span> </span>Here, we investigated the fitness effects of broad-spectrum AmpC <em>β</em>-lactamases in <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> in broth, biofilms and gut infections in a model insect. <span> </span>We quantified frequency- and dose-dependent fitness using cefotaxime, a third-generation cephalosporin.<span> </span>We predicted that infection dynamics would be similar to those observed in biofilms, with social protection extending over a wide dose range.<span> </span>We found evidence for the sociality of <em>β</em>-lactamases in all contexts with negative frequency-dependent selection ensuring the persistence of wild-type bacteria although cooperation was less prevalent in biofilms, contrary to predictions.<span> </span>While competitive fitness in gut infections and broth had similar dynamics, incorporating infectivity into measurements of fitness in infections<em> </em>significantly affected conclusions. <span> </span>Resistant bacteria had reduced infectivity which limited the fitness benefits of resistance to infections challenged with low antibiotic doses and having low initial frequencies of resistance. <span> </span>The fitness of resistant bacteria in more physiologically tolerant states (in biofilms, in infections) could be constrained by the presence of wild-type bacteria, high antibiotic doses and limited availability of <em>β</em>-lactamases.<span> </span>One conclusion is that increased tolerance of <em>β</em> -lactams does not necessarily increase selection pressure for resistance.<span> </span>Overall, both cryptic fitness costs and frequency-dependence curtailed the fitness benefits of resistance in this study.<span> </span></span></p> <p><span> </span></p>
Double-negative B cells and DNASE1L3 colocalise with microbiota in gut-associated lymphoid tissue - IMC+RNAScope images
<p><span>Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by the response of gut-associated lymphoid tissue to bacteria transported across the follicle associated epithelium into the subepithelial dome. The initial response to antigens and how bacteria are handled is incompletely understood. By iterative application of spatial transcriptomics and multiplexed single-cell technologies, we identify that the double negative 2 subset of B cells, previously associated with autoimmune diseases, is present in the subepithelial dome in health. We show that in this location double negative 2 B cells interact with dendritic cells co-expressing the lupus autoantigens DNASE1L3 and C1q and microbicides.<span> </span>We observe that in humans, but not in mice, dendritic cells expressing DNASE1L3 are associated with sampled bacteria but not DNA derived from apoptotic cells. We propose that fundamental features of autoimmune diseases are microbiota-associated, interacting components of normal intestinal immunity.</span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.