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277 results for “Heliconius”
Cortex cis-regulatory switches establish scale colour identity and pattern diversity in Heliconius
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Data from: The comparative landscape of duplications in Heliconius melpomene and Heliconius cydno
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Full-likelihood genomic analysis clarifies a complex history of species divergence and introgression: the example of the erato-sara group of Heliconius butterflies
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Data from: Female mate choice is a reproductive isolating barrier in Heliconius butterflies
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Parallel evolution of behaviour, physiology and life history associated with altitudinal shifts in forest type in Heliconius butterflies
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Balanced polymorphisms and their divergence in a Heliconius butterfly
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Data condition dependence in biosynthesized chemical defenses of an aposematic and mimetic Heliconius butterfly
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Scale-dependent environmental effects on phenotypic distributions in Heliconius butterflies
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Divergence in Heliconius flight behaviour is associated with local adaptation to different forest structures
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Clustering of loci controlling species differences in male chemical bouquets of sympatric Heliconius butterflies
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Behavioural changes in aposematic Heliconius melpomene butterflies in response to their predatory bird calls
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Data from: Sex-linked gene traffic underlies the acquisition of sexually dimorphic UV color vision in Heliconius butterflies
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Dorsal and Ventral photos of Heliconius
<p>Dorsal and ventral photos of certain number of BC collection</p>
Distribution maps and climatic niches analysis of Heliconius butterflies
<p>Distribution maps of <em>Heliconius</em> butterflies and climatic niches analysis between co-occurring and hybridizing species.</p>
Data from: UV photoreceptors and UV-yellow wing pigments in Heliconius butterflies allow a color signal to serve both mimicry and intraspecific communication
Mimetic wing coloration evolves in butterflies in the context of predator confusion. Unless butterfly eyes have adaptations for discriminating mimetic color variation, mimicry also carries a risk of confusion for the butterflies themselves. Heliconius butterfly eyes, which express recently duplicated UV opsins, have such an adaptation. To examine bird and butterfly color vision as sources of selection on butterfly coloration we studied yellow wing pigmentation in the tribe Heliconiini. We confirmed using reflectance and mass spectrometry that only Heliconius use 3-hydroxy-DL kynurenine (3-OHK) as a wing pigment. 3-OHK looks yellow to humans but it reflects both UV- and long-wavelength light whereas butterflies in related genera have chemically unknown yellow pigments mostly lacking UV-reflectance. Modeling of these color signals reveals that the two UV photoreceptors of Heliconius are better suited to separating 3-OHK from non-3-OHK spectra compared to the photoreceptors of related genera or birds. The co-occurrence of potentially enhanced UV-vision and a UV-reflecting 'yellow' wing pigment could allow unpalatable Heliconius private intraspecific communication in the presence of mimics. Our results are the best available evidence for the correlated evolution of a color signal and color vision. They also suggest that predator visual systems are error-prone in the context of mimicry.
Data from: Facultative pupal mating in Heliconius erato: implications for mate choice, female preference, and speciation
Mating systems have broad impacts on how sexual selection and mate choice operate within a species, but studies of mating behavior in the laboratory may not reflect how these processes occur in the wild. Here, we examined the mating behavior of the neotropical butterfly Heliconius erato in the field by releasing larvae and virgin females and observing how they mated. H. erato is considered a pupal-mating species (i.e., males mate with females as they emerge from the pupal case). However, we observed only two teneral mating events, and experimentally released virgins were almost all mated upon recapture. Our study confirms the presence of some pupal-mating behavior in H. erato, but suggests that adult mating is likely the prevalent mating strategy in this species. These findings have important implications for the role of color pattern and female mate choice in the generation of reproductive isolation in this diverse genus.
A major locus controls a biologically active pheromone component in Heliconius melpomene
<p>Understanding the production, response, and genetics of signals used in mate choice can inform our understanding of the evolution of both intraspecific mate choice and reproductive isolation. Sex pheromones are important for courtship and mate choice in many insects, but we know relatively little of their role in butterflies. The butterfly <i>Heliconius</i> <i>melpomene</i> uses a complex blend of wing androconial compounds during courtship. Electroantennography in <i>H. melpomene </i>and its close relative <i>H. cydno</i> showed that responses to androconial extracts were not species-specific. Females of both species responded equally strongly to<i> </i>extracts of both species, suggesting conservation of peripheral nervous system elements across the two species. Individual blend components provoked little to no response, with the exception of octadecanal, a major component of the <i>H. melpomene </i>blend. Supplementing octadecanal on the wings of octadecanal-rich <i>H. melpomene </i>males led to an increase in the time until mating, demonstrating the bioactivity of octadecanal in <i>Heliconius</i>. Using quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, we identified a single locus on chromosome 20 responsible for 41% of the parental species' difference in octadecanal production. This QTL does not overlap with any of the major wing color or mate choice loci, nor does it overlap with known regions of elevated or reduced <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub>. A set of 16 candidate fatty acid biosynthesis genes lies underneath the QTL. Pheromones in <i>Heliconius </i>carry information relevant for mate choice and are under simple genetic control, suggesting they could be important during speciation.</p>
Data from: Movement of a Heliconius hybrid zone over 30 years: a Bayesian approach
Hybrid zones have long been of interest to biologists as natural laboratories where we can gain insight into the processes of adaptation and speciation. Repeated sampling of individual hybrid zones has been particularly useful in elucidating the dynamic balance between selection and dispersal that maintains most hybrid zones. Here, we revisit a hybrid zone between Heliconius erato butterflies in Panamá for a third time over more than 30 years. We combine a novel Bayesian extension of stepped‐cline hybrid zone models with environmental data to understand the genetic and environmental causes of cline dynamics in this species. The cline has continued to move west, likely due to dominance drive, but has slowed and broadened. Environmental analyses suggest that widespread deforestation in Panamá could be leading to decreased avian predation and relaxed selection, causing the observed changes in cline dynamics.
Data from: Wing patterning gene redefines the mimetic history of Heliconius butterflies
The mimetic butterflies Heliconius erato and H. melpomene have undergone parallel radiations to form a near-identical patchwork of over 20 different wing pattern races across the Neotropics. Previous molecular phylogenetic work on these radiations has suggested that similar but geographically disjunct color patterns arose multiple times independently in each species. The neutral markers used in these studies, however, can move freely across color pattern boundaries and therefore might not represent the history of the adaptive traits as accurately as markers linked to color pattern genes. To assess this, we compared relationships among races within H. erato and within H. melpomene using a series of unlinked genes, genes linked to color pattern loci, and optix - a gene recently shown to control red color pattern variation. We found that while unlinked genes partition populations by geographic region, optix had a different history, structuring lineages by red color patterns and supporting a single origin of red-rayed patterns within each species. Genes closely linked (80-250 KB) to optix exhibited only weak associations with color pattern. This study empirically demonstrates the necessity of examining phenotype-determining genomic regions to understand the history of adaptive change in rapidly radiating lineages. With these refined relationships, we resolve a long-standing debate about the origins of the races within each species, supporting the hypothesis that the red-rayed Amazonian pattern evolved recently and expanded, causing disjunctions of more ancestral patterns.
Data from: Genome-wide evidence for speciation with gene flow in Heliconius butterflies
Most speciation events probably occur gradually, without complete and immediate reproductive isolation, but the full extent of gene flow between diverging species has rarely been characterized on a genome-wide scale. Documenting the extent and timing of admixture between diverging species can clarify the role of geographic isolation in speciation. Here we use new methodology to quantify admixture at different stages of divergence in Heliconius butterflies, based on whole genome sequences of 31 individuals. Comparisons between sympatric and allopatric populations of H. melpomene, H. cydno and H. timareta revealed a genome-wide trend of increased shared variation in sympatry, indicative of pervasive interspecific gene flow. Up to 40% of 100 kb genomic windows clustered by geography rather than by species, demonstrating that a very substantial fraction of the genome has been shared between sympatric species. Analyses of genetic variation shared over different time intervals suggested that admixture between these species has continued since early in speciation. Alleles shared between species during recent time intervals displayed higher levels of linkage disequilibrium than those shared over longer time intervals, suggesting that this admixture took place at multiple points during divergence and is probably ongoing. The signal of admixture was significantly reduced around loci controlling divergent wing patterns, as well as throughout the Z chromosome, consistent with strong selection for Müllerian mimicry and with known Z-linked hybrid incompatibility. Overall these results show that species divergence can occur in the face of persistent and genome-wide admixture over long periods of time.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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