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4,359 results for “Insulin”
Yogurt supplementation attenuates insulin resistance in obese mice by reducing metabolic endotoxemia and inflammation
<p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>Inflammation is an underlying mechanism for development of obesity-related health complications. Yogurt consumption inhibits obesity-associated inflammation, but the tissue-specific mechanisms have not been adequately described.</p> <p><strong>Objectives</strong></p> <p>We aimed to determine the tissue-specific responses by which yogurt supplementation inhibits inflammation.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>C57BL/6 male mice (5 weeks old) were fed a Teklad Global 14% Protein Rodent Maintenance diet as a control or a high-fat diet (60% calories from fat) to induce obesity for 11 weeks, followed by feeding a Western diet (WD; 43% carbohydrate & 42% fat) or WD supplemented with 5.6 % lyophilized yogurt powder for 3 weeks to test for the impact of yogurt supplementation. Markers of metabolic endotoxemia and inflammation were assessed in plasma and tissues. Cecal and fecal microbiota were profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>In obese mice, relative to the WD control group, yogurt supplementation attenuated HOMA-IR by 57%) (p=0.020), plasma TNF-a by 31% (p<0.05) and colonic IFN-g by 46% (p=0.0034), which were accompanied by a 40% reduction in plasma LBP (p=0.0019) and 45% less colonic <em>Lbp</em> expression (p=0.037), as well as alteration in the beta diversity of cecal microbiota (p=0.0090) and relative abundance of certain cecal microbes (e.g., <em>Lachnospiraceae Dorea longicatena</em> with p=0.049). There were no differences in the LBP, <em>Lbp</em>, and <em>Cd14</em> levels in the liver and small intestine between obese mice with and without yogurt supplementation (p>0.05).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>Yogurt consumption inhibited obesity-induced inflammation in mice by modulating colonic endotoxin detoxification, changing the gut microbiota, and improving glucose metabolism. This work helps to establish the underlying mechanisms by which yogurt consumption affects markers of metabolic and immune health.</p>
Data from: Compensatory growth is accompanied by changes in insulin-like growth factor-1 but not markers of cellular aging in a long-lived seabird
<p>Developing organisms often plastically modify growth in response to environmental circumstances, which may be adaptive, but is expected to entail long-term costs. However, the mechanisms that mediate these growth adjustments and any associated costs are less well understood. In vertebrates, one mechanism that may be important in this context is the highly conserved signaling factor insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is often positively related to post-natal growth and negatively related to longevity. To test this idea, we exposed captive Franklin's gulls (<em>Leucophaeus</em> <em>pipixcan</em>) to a physiologically relevant nutritional stressor by restricting food availability during post-natal development and examined the effects on growth, IGF-1, and two potential biomarkers of cellular and organismal aging (oxidative stress, and telomeres). During food restriction, experimental chicks gained body mass more slowly and had lower IGF-1 levels than controls. Following the food restriction, experimental chicks underwent compensatory growth, which was accompanied by an increase in IGF-1 levels. Interestingly however, there were no significant effects of the experimental treatment or of variation in IGF-1 levels on oxidative stress or telomeres. These findings suggest that IGF-1 is responsive to changes in resource availability but is not associated with increased markers of cellular aging during development in this relatively long-lived species.</p>
oral insulin nanoparticle based on PLGA and PEG
<p>the project contain:</p> <p>- data sets</p> <p>- Ethical approval</p> <p>- The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: author checklist</p> <p>- figures 1-3</p> <p>- Flow chart</p>
oral insulin nanoparticle based on PLGA and PEG
<p>the project contain:</p> <p>- data sets</p> <p>- Ethical approval</p> <p>- The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: author checklist</p> <p>- figures 1-3</p> <p>- Flow chart</p>
Assessing the evolutionary lability of insulin signaling in the regulation of nutritional plasticity across traits and species of horned dung beetles
<p><span>Nutrition-dependent growth of sexual traits is a major contributor to phenotypic diversity and a large body of research documents insulin signaling as a major regulator of nutritional plasticity. However, findings across studies raise the possibility that the role of individual components within the insulin signaling pathway diverge in function among traits and taxa. Here, we use RNAi-mediated transcript depletion in the gazelle dung beetle to investigate the functions of <em>forkhead box O </em>(<em>Foxo</em>) and two paralogs of the insulin receptor (<em>InR1</em> and <em>InR2</em>) in shaping nutritional plasticity in polyphenic male head horns, exaggerated fore legs, and weakly nutrition-responsive genitalia. Our functional genetic manipulations led to three main findings: <em>Foxo<sup>RNAi</sup></em> reduced the length of exaggerated head horns in large males, while neither <em>InR1</em> nor <em>InR2</em> knock-downs resulted in measurable horn phenotypes. These results are similar to those documented previously for another horned dung beetle species (<em>Onthophagus</em> <em>taurus</em>), but in stark contrast to findings in rhinoceros beetles. Secondly, knockdown of <em>Foxo</em>, <em>InR1</em>, and <em>InR2</em> led to an increase in the intercept or slope of the scaling relationship of genitalia size. These results are in contrast even to results documented previously for O. taurus. Lastly, while <em>Foxo<sup>RNAi</sup></em> reduces male forelegs in <em>D. gazella</em> and <em>O. taurus</em>, the effects of <em>InR1</em> and <em>InR2</em> knockdowns diverged across dung beetle species. Taken together, our results add to the growing body of literature indicating that despite insulin signaling's conserved role as a regulator of nutritional plasticity, the functions of its components may diversify among traits and species. </span></p>
Neo-Normcore Collection, Insulin Placebo
Human Insulin Hexamer by model3dbiology is licensed under CC Attribution Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
6-month Comparison of Morning Lantus Versus Neutral Protamine Hagedorn Insulin in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00993473. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 16. Publications: 1.
Insulin Schemes for Type 2 Diabetes Control
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03350984. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
MEDTRUM A7+ TouchCare Insulin Patch Pump (MedInPS)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04223973. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Two Different Fasting Blood Glucose Targets on Glucose Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using Insulin Detemir Once Daily
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00634842. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
An Observational Study Evaluating SYMLIN® (Pramlintide Acetate) Injection Use in Insulin Using Patients With Type 2 and Type 1 Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00229658. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Efficacy and Safety of FIAsp in a Basal-bolus Regimen Versus Basal Insulin Therapy, Both in Combination With Metformin in Adult Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01850615. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 6. Publications: 4.
Effects of Exercise Training Intensity on Fitness and Insulin Sensitivity in African Americans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02892331. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Dapagliflozin 10 mg on Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02426541. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Afrezza With Basal Combination (ABC): Afrezza® Combined With AID Pump or Insulin Degludec in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05243628. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Pioglitazone Before Peginterferon and Ribavirin for Hepatitis C Infection in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients With Insulin Resistance
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00665353. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Effects of Nateglinide on Postprandial Glucose Excursion by Restoring Early Phase Insulin Secretion
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01030952. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
A Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Insulin Degludec and Insulin Glargine 300 Units/mL in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Treated With Basal Insulin With or Without Oral A
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03078478. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 12. Publications: 3.
A Research Study to Compare Two Types of Insulin, a New Insulin, Insulin Icodec and an Available Insulin, Insulin Degludec, in People With Type 2 Diabetes Who Have Not Used Insulin Before (ONWARDS 3)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04795531. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 12. Publications: 5.
Insulin Glargine Versus Twice-Daily NPH
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00687453. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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