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76 results for “Lacerta”
Figure 11 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 11. The egg tooth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 36. A, labiolingual histological section through the egg tooth and higher magnification of the area from the smaller box (inset), stained with H&E. B, labiolingual histological section through the egg tooth and dentin under higher magnification (inset) from the egg tooth tip, stained with AZAN trichrome. C, higher magnification of the area from the larger box in A showing a reversal line (arrows). D, transverse histological section through the anterior snout showing the cellular attachment tissue connecting the egg tooth to pleura, stained with H&E. E, sagittal cutaway of the snout (left), microtomographic sagittal (middle) and labiolingual (right) sections of the egg tooth. F, 3D reconstruction of the premaxilla and premaxillary teeth with exclusion of the egg tooth, ventral view. G, 3D reconstruction of the premaxilla and all premaxillary teeth, ventral view. H, 3D reconstruction of the premaxilla and the egg tooth (semi-transparent), right posterolateral view. Asterisks in E and F show the forming successor of the egg tooth. Scale bars: 100 μm.
Figure 4 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 4. The egg tooth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 31. A, transverse histological section through the snout at the level of the egg tooth and forming premaxilla (asterisks), stained with H&E. B, 3D reconstruction of the palate. C, transverse histological section posterior to A, stained with H&E. D, transverse histological section posterior to C, stained with H&E. E, 3D reconstruction of the snout showing the egg tooth and forming premaxilla (asterisks), anterior semi-transparent view. F, microtomographic frontal section through the anterior snout. G, microtomographic frontal section through the anterior snout, ventral to F. Scale bars: 50 μm for histological sections; 500 μm for microtomographic sections.
Figure 7 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 7. The premaxillary teeth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 34. A, labiolingual histological section through the egg tooth, stained with H&E. B, labiolingual histological section through the egg tooth, stained with AZAN trichrome. C, 3D reconstruction of the anterior snout, right lateral semi-transparent view. D, sagittal cutaway of the anterior snout. E, labiolingual histological section through the regular premaxillary tooth, stained with AZAN trichrome. F, labiolingual histological section through the regular premaxillary tooth, stained with H&E. Scale bars: 50 μm for histological sections; 200 μm for 3D reconstructions.
Figure 3 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 3. The egg tooth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 29. A, transverse histological section through the snout at the level of the epithelial thickening of the forming egg tooth, stained with H&E. B, 3D reconstruction of the snout, lateroventral view. C, transverse histological section through the snout posterior to A, showing epithelial thickening of the forming regular premaxillary tooth (arrow). D, sagittal cutaway of the snout, stage 29, but slightly older than in A–C. E, 3D reconstruction of the snout, lateroventral semi-transparent view, stage 29, but slightly older than in A–C. F, transverse histological section through the snout at the level of the egg tooth bud (dotted line) stained with AZAN trichrome, stage 29, but slightly older than in D and E. G, transverse histological section through the snout at the level of the premaxillary dental lamina, stained with AZAN trichrome, posterior to F. Scale bars: 50 μm for histological sections; 500 μm for 3D reconstructions.
Figure 10 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 10. The egg tooth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 36. A, stereomicroscope photomicrograph of the anterior snout, left ventrolateral view (mirrored). B, stereomicroscope photomicrograph of the anterior palate. C, 3D reconstruction of the snout, anterior view. D, scanning electron micrograph of the egg tooth showing a disruption of the enamel organ (arrow), ventral view. E, scanning electron micrograph of the lateral border of the egg tooth showing small bulges (arrowhead). F, scanning electron micrograph of the periderm cells covering the egg tooth. G, scanning electron micrograph of the microridges on the egg tooth periderm cells. Scale bars: 200 μm in A–D; 1 μm in E–G.
Figure 6 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 6. The egg tooth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 34. A, stereomicroscope photomicrograph of the anterior palate. B, 3D reconstruction of the snout, anterior semi-transparent view. C, 3D reconstruction of the palate, anteroventral view. D, scanning electron micrograph of the anterior palate and the egg tooth surface (inset). Scale bars: 100 μm; 1 μm for inset in D.
Figure 2 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 2. Transverse histological section through the snout of a Lacerta agilis embryo, stained with AZAN trichrome; developmental stage 28. A, section at the level of the facial prominence fusion (arrows). B, section at the level of the nasal plug, anterior to A. Scale bars: 50 μm.
Figure 5 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 5. Transverse histological section through the snout of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 32, stained with H&E. A, middle part of the developing egg tooth. B, anterior part of the developing egg tooth. C, posterior part of the developing egg tooth. D, premaxillary regular teeth at bud stage, section posterior to C. Scale bars: 50 μm; 25 μm for inset in B.
Figure 9 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 9. The premaxillary teeth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 35. A, labiolingual histological section through the egg tooth showing the forming attachment tissue (asterisks), stained with AZAN trichrome. B, labiolingual histological section through the egg tooth showing the forming attachment tissue (asterisks), stained with H&E. C, 3D reconstruction of the palate, non-transparent (left) and semitransparent (right) view. D, sagittal cutaway of the anterior snout. E, labiolingual histological section through the regular premaxillary tooth and forming the subsequent premaxillary teeth (arrow), stained with AZAN trichrome. F, labiolingual histological section through the regular premaxillary teeth and primordium of the egg tooth successor (arrowhead), stained with H&E. Scale bars: 50 μm for histological sections; 100 μm for 3D reconstructions.
Figure 1 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 1. Distribution of the egg tooth (teeth) and caruncle in amniotes. The snout drawings, except for Unidentata (based on this study), are based on the literature: Gekkota (Hermyt et al. 2020b), Sphenodon, turtle (Fioroni 1962), bird (Wang et al. 2017), crocodilian (García 2007), and monotreme (Fenelon et al. 2023). Silhouettes are from http://phylopic.org/. Note that this simplified phylogenetic tree assumes the existence of the molecular clades Unidentata (Burbrink et al. 2020) and Archelosauria (Crawford et al. 2015).
Figure 13 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 13. The developmental sequences of the egg tooth, the most advanced regular premaxillary teeth, and the most advanced maxillary teeth.
Figure 12 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 12. The premaxillary teeth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 36. A, 3D reconstruction of the anterior palate including semitransparent view (right). B, labiolingual histological section through the largest regular premaxillary tooth and higher magnification of the collagen fibres of the forming attachment tissue (asterisks in the inset), stained with AZAN trichrome. C, labiolingual histological section through the regular premaxillary teeth showing a reversal line (arrows) between the alveolar bone and premaxilla, stained with H&E. D, labiolingual histological section through the successor of the egg tooth, stained with AZAN trichrome. E, labiolingual histological section through the successor of the egg tooth, stained with H&E. F, transverse histological section through the snout at the level of maxillary and premaxillary dental laminae apposition, stained with H&E. Scale bars: 200 μm in A; 50 μm in B–F.
Figure 8 in Breaking through the eggshell: embryonic development of the premaxillary dentition in Lacerta agilis (Squamata: Unidentata) with special emphasis on the egg tooth
Figure 8. The egg tooth of Lacerta agilis at developmental stage 35. A, stereomicroscope photomicrograph of the anterior snout, left lateral view (mirrored), early developmental stage 35. B, stereomicroscope photomicrograph of the anterior snout, left lateral view (mirrored), at late developmental stage 35. C, stereomicroscope photomicrograph of the anterior palate, early developmental stage 35. D, stereomicroscope photomicrograph of the anterior palate, late developmental stage 35. E, scanning electron micrograph of the anterior palate, late developmental stage 35. F, magnification of the area from the box in E showing the egg tooth. G, magnification of the area from the box in F showing the small bulges (arrowheads) on the lateral border of the egg tooth. Scale bars: 200 μm in A–D; 50 μm in E, F; 5 μm in G.
Data from: Realized niche and microhabitat selection of the eastern green lizard (Lacerta viridis) at the core and periphery of its distribution range
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Data from: Geographic variation of life-history traits in the sand lizard, Lacerta agilis: testing Darwin's fecundity-advantage hypothesis
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Data from: Corticosterone regulates multiple colour traits in Lacerta [Zootoca] vivipara males
Ornamental colours usually evolve as honest signals of quality, which is supported by the fact that they frequently depend on individual condition. It has generally been suggested that some, but not all types of ornamental colours are condition dependent, indicating that different evolutionary mechanisms underlie the evolution of multiple types of ornamental colours even when these are exhibited by the same species. Stress hormones, which negatively affect condition, have been shown to affect colour traits based on different pigments and structures, suggesting that they mediate condition dependence of multiple ornament types both among and within individuals. However, studies investigating effects of stress hormones on different ornament types within individuals are lacking, and thus, evidence for this hypothesis is scant. Here, we investigated whether corticosterone mediates condition dependence of multiple ornaments by manipulating corticosterone levels and body condition (via food availability) using a two-factorial design and by assessing their effect on multiple colour traits in male common lizards. Corticosterone negatively affected ventral melanin- and carotenoid-based coloration, whereas food availability did not affect coloration, despite its significant effect on body condition. The corticosterone effect on melanin- and carotenoid-based coloration demonstrates the condition dependence of both ornaments. Moreover, corticosterone affected ventral coloration and had no effect on the nonsexually selected dorsal coloration, showing specific effects of corticosterone on ornamental ventral colours. This suggests that corticosterone simultaneously mediates condition dependence of multiple colour traits and that it therefore accounts for covariation among them, which may influence their evolution via correlational selection.
Data from: Selection and constraints on offspring size-number trade-offs in sand lizards (Lacerta agilis)
The trade-off between offspring size and number is a central component of life-history theory, postulating that larger investment into offspring size inevitably decreases offspring number. This trade-off is generally discussed in terms of genetic, physiological or morphological constraints; however, as among-individual differences can mask individual trade-offs, the underlying mechanisms may be difficult to reveal. In this study, we use multivariate analyses to investigate whether there is a trade-off between offspring size and number in a population of sand lizards by separating among- and within-individual patterns using a 15-year data set collected in the wild. We also explore the ecological and evolutionary causes and consequences of this trade-off by investigating how a female's resource (condition)- vs. age-related size (snout-vent length) influences her investment into offspring size vs. number (OSN), whether these traits are heritable and under selection and whether the OSN trade-off has a genetic component. We found a negative correlation between offspring size and number within individual females and physical constraints (size of body cavity) appear to limit the number of eggs that a female can produce. This suggests that the OSN trade-off occurs due to resource constraints as a female continues to grow throughout life and, thus, produces larger clutches. In contrast to the assumptions of classic OSN theory, we did not detect selection on offspring size; however, there was directional selection for larger clutch sizes. The repeatabilities of both offspring size and number were low and we did not detect any additive genetic variance in either trait. This could be due to strong selection (past or current) on these life-history traits, or to insufficient statistical power to detect significant additive genetic effects. Overall, the findings of this study are an important illustration of how analyses of within-individual patterns can reveal trade-offs and their underlying causes, with potential evolutionary and ecological consequences that are otherwise hidden by among-individual variation.
Management impacts on three reptile species (Vipera ursinii, Lacerta agilis, Lacerta viridis) in sandy grasslands in Hungary: Mowing should be avoided
<p>Understanding the factors that determine the abundance of populations is of key importance in conservation biology, ecology, and biogeography. For grassland‐associated species, such as the Hungarian meadow viper (<i>Vipera ursinii rakosiensis</i>), habitat management is particularly important. We aimed to study the effects of the three most common types of grassland management (grazing, mowing, and mowing + grazing) on the abundance of reptile species in meadow viper habitats in Kiskunság National Park, in Hungary. We surveyed grasslands repeatedly (<i>n</i> = 15 occasions) for reptiles in one autumn and one spring season in three 1‐ha quadrates per grassland management type. We recorded all reptiles and their activity related to operative temperatures and analyzed data by n‐mixture models. All reptile species known to occur in the habitats were observed during the surveys, but only the green lizard, sand lizard, and Hungarian meadow viper reached the minimum number of observations required for detailed analyses. Grazing had a strong positive effect on the abundance of Hungarian meadow vipers and sand lizards, while both mowing and mowing + grazing rotation had a negative effect. None of the grassland management types affected green lizard abundance. Our results suggest that grazing is the ideal type of grassland management for the endangered Hungarian meadow viper and the sand lizard. Mowing and mowing + grazing should be replaced by grazing to ensure the effectiveness of habitat management for conservation and to maintain healthy populations of grassland‐associated reptile species.</p>
Fig. 5 in Color Features Of Sand Lizards, Lacerta Agilis (Sauria, Lacertidae), In Kyiv Region (Ukraine)
Fig. 5. Foto of L. a. chersonensis of the Teterev River basin. References Baranov, A. S. 1984. Phеnetical analysis of the structure of the species (for example, studying the color of the sand lizard — Lacerta agilis L.). Ph.D thesis, Кyiv, 1–190 [In Russian].
Figure 4 in Reproductive biology of Elops lacerta (Elopiformes: Elopidae) in the Gulf of Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa
Figure 4. - Monthly mean variations in hepatosomatic index (HSI) of Elops lacerta males and females caught January 2019 at December 2020 in the study area.
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