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2,555 results for “Lead”
F I G U R E 5 in Global warming is projected to lead to increased freshwater growth potential and changes in pace of life in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
F I G U R E 5 Ensemble average daily water temperature by day of year for the future projections under the three shared socioeconomic pathways and representative concentration pathways (SSP1-RCP2.6 left, SSP5-RCP7.0 middle, and SSP5-RCP8.5 right). Each line represents the day of year average temperature for the climate forcing ensemble with colors transitioning from blue to red toward the end of the century (starting with 2020 and ending with 2100). The lower dashed line represents the lower growth threshold temperature of 7 C, and the upper dashed line represents the upper growth threshold temperature for 23 C (Elliott & Hurley, 1997).
F I G U R E 6 Projected change between 1960 and 2100 in Global warming is projected to lead to increased freshwater growth potential and changes in pace of life in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
F I G U R E 6 Projected change between 1960 and 2100 in length-at-smoltification decision (a, b, and c), length-at-smoltification as 1-year-olds (d, e, and f), and length-at-smoltification as 2-year-olds (g, h, and i) under the three shared socioeconomic pathways and representative concentration pathways: SSP1-RCP2.6 (green), SSP3-RCP7.0 (orange), and SSP5-RCP8.5 (red) for juvenile Atlantic salmon in the Burrishoole. The gray-shaded area represents the historical reference (2000 to 2020), and the red vertical line represents the historical average.
F I G U R E 4 in Global warming is projected to lead to increased freshwater growth potential and changes in pace of life in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
F I G U R E 4 Generalized linear model of body length (mm) as a function of cumulative growing degree days (CGDD, C day) for the 23 observed cohorts of juvenile Atlantic salmon in the Burrishoole watershed. The solid line represents the mean length, and the gray bands represent the 95% prediction interval. The outer lines represent the sample density.
F I G U R E 3 in Global warming is projected to lead to increased freshwater growth potential and changes in pace of life in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
F I G U R E 3 The residual error between observed and predicted water temperature (top panel), and the in-situ water temperature (black line) and long short-term memory neural network water temperature prediction (red crosses) for the training (1961–1994) and validation (1995–2019) dataset in the Mill Race (bottom panel). Years excluded due to accumulation of internal sate (green), prolonged periods of missing data (blue shaded), and measurement error (red shaded) are shown in the top panel, and the delineation of the training and validation period is shown by the vertical dashed line in both panels.
F I G U R E 2 in Global warming is projected to lead to increased freshwater growth potential and changes in pace of life in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
F I G U R E 2 The four-step model workflow for quantitatively estimating length-at-age and life history of juvenile Atlantic salmon in response to climate change. Step 1 describes the collation of necessary data and construction of the water temperature model. Step 2 details the data preparation and construction of the length-at-age model for juvenile Atlantic salmon. Step 3 shows the coupling of the ISIMIP phase 3B projections to the water temperature model, and the subsequent coupling with the length-at-age model. Step 4 shows the post-processing of length-at-age projections to estimate smoltification probability and proportion of 1-, 2- and 3-year-old smolts. Shapes are according to ISO 5807 standard.
F I G U R E 1 in Global warming is projected to lead to increased freshwater growth potential and changes in pace of life in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
F I G U R E 1 Location of electrofishing sites (green circles) and fish traps (red circles) in the Burrishoole catchment, Co. Mayo, Ireland.
Datasets for ``Leading-order nonlinear gravitational waves from reheating magnetogeneses''
<pre>This directory contains an index.html file with links to the run directories with secondary data for Table II of the paper "Leading-order nonlinear gravitational waves from reheating magnetogeneses" by Yutong He, Axel Brandenburg, and Alberto Roper Pol. If anything turns out to be incomplete, please email brandenb@nordita.org.</pre>
Data for "Neglecting the coupled effect of coastal flooding and erosion can lead to spurious projections and maladaptation"
<p>Data for the reproduction of the figures in the manuscript "Neglecting the coupled effect of coastal flooding and erosion can lead to spurious projections and maladaptation".</p>
Aeroelastic simulations of wind turbines affected by leading edge erosion: datasets for multivariate time-series classification
<p>This repository contains data generated and used for classification in the publication:<br> Duthé, G.; Abdallah, I.; Barber, S.; Chatzi, E. Modeling and Monitoring Erosion of the Leading Edge of Wind Turbine Blades. <em>Energies</em> <strong>2021</strong>, <em>14</em>, 7262. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14217262</p> <p>The data is generated via OpenFAST aeroelastic simulations coupled with a Non-Homogeneous Compound Poisson Process for degradation modelling and was used to train a Transformer deep learning model.</p> <p>One degradation run generates 1200 samples (1 sample every 6 days corresponding to a 20 year degradation period). In total 20 degradation runs are made available (20x1200 = 24'000 multivariate time-series samples). This repo can serve to benchmark long multivariate time-series classification algorithms. There are 10 possible classes of erosion severity.</p> <p>Each sample is a multivariate time-series of length 60'000, with the following 4 channels extracted from the simulations for a section at the tip of the blade:</p> <ul> <li>Inflow velocity</li> <li>Angle of attack</li> <li>Lift coefficient</li> <li>Drag coefficient</li> </ul> <p>Please see the publication above for more information as well as the included readme for information about the data and an example of how to load it into to PyTorch.</p> <p> </p>
Reliability of citations of medRxiv preprints in articles published on COVID-19 in the world leading medical journals
<p>Articles published on COVID in 2020 in the BMJ, The Lancet, the JAMA and the NEJM were manually screened to identify all articles citing at least one preprint from medRxiv. We searched PubMed, Google and Google Scholar to assess if the preprint had been published in a peer-reviewed journal, and when. Published articles were screened to assess if the title, data or conclusions were identical to the preprint version.</p>
Predicted gene expression in ancestrally diverse populations leads to discovery of susceptibility loci for lifestyle and cardiometabolic traits
<p>Full summary statistics for the publication "Predicted gene expression in ancestrally diverse populations leads to discovery of susceptibility loci for lifestyle and cardiometabolic traits". </p> <p>The files, bmi.UKBBsummary.txt and height.UKBBsummary.txt, contain tissue specific associations with body mass index (BMI) and height respectively. The suffix UKBB450k indicates results from all ~450,000 European ancestry individuals in UK Biobank. The suffix UKBB50k corresponds to results from a subset of 50,000 Europeans in the UK Biobank. The suffix PAGE corresponds to results from ~50,000 individuals in the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study. </p> <p>The file PAGE_PrediXcan_associations.txt includes trait~tissue specific GReX associations for 25 traits. The first field specifies the tissue.trait.gene of the association results.</p>
Supplementary data for Atomistic Mechanism of the Nucleation of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite from Solution
<p>Supplementary data for "Atomistic Mechanism of the Nucleation of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite from Solution"</p>
Release and mineral formation of lead corrosion products with orthophosphate-polyphosphates
<p>Raw data from CSTR and batch experiments</p>
Code-to-code SIMMER/FRENETIC comparison for the neutronic simulation of lead-cooled fast reactors (dataset)
<p>Dataset in support of publication "Code-to-code SIMMER/FRENETIC comparison for the neutronic simulation of lead-cooled fast reactors". README.txt has been written in compliance with the Dublin Core Standard for metadata, https://dublincore.org/.</p>
MODIS Sea ice leads detections using a U-Net
<p>Sea ice leads are long and narrow sea ice fractures. Despite accounting for a small fraction of the Arctic surface area, leads play a critical role in the energy flux between the ocean and atmosphere. As the volume of sea ice in the Arctic has declined over recent decades, it is increasingly important to monitor the corresponding changes in sea ice leads. An approach described in Hoffman et al. 2021 uses artificial intelligence (AI) to detect sea ice leads using satellite thermal infrared window data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The AI used to detect sea ice leads in satellite imagery is a particular kind of convolutional neural network, a U-Net. The originally published dataset included only a small case study of results. Here, the dataset is expanded to include the daily detection of leads since 2002 for the season between November through April.</p>
Population models used in: Method to assess potential magnitude of terrestrial European avian population reductions from ingestion of lead ammunition
<p>Current estimates of terrestrial bird losses across Europe from ingestion of lead ammunition are based on uncertain or generic assumptions. A method is needed to develop defensible European-specific estimates compatible with available data that does not require long-term field studies. We propose a 2-step method using carcass data and population models. The method estimates percentage of deaths diagnosed as directly caused by lead poisoning as a lower bound and, as an upper bound, the percentage of possible deaths from sublethal lead poisoning that weakens birds, making them susceptible to death by other causes. We use these estimates to modify known population-level annual mortality. Our method also allows for potential reductions in reproduction from lead shot ingestion because reductions in survival and reproduction are entered into population models of species with life histories representative of the most groups of susceptible species. The models estimate the sustainability and potential population decreases from lead poisoning in Europe. Using the best available data, we demonstrate the method on two taxonomic groups of birds: gallinaceous birds and diurnal raptors. The direction of the population trends affects the estimate, and we incorporated such trends into the method. Our midpoint estimates of the reduction in population size of the European gallinaceous bird (< 2%) group and raptor group (2.9 – 7.7%) depend on the species life history, maximum growth rate, population trend, and if reproduction is assumed to be reduced. Our estimates can be refined as more information becomes available in countries with data gaps. We advocate use of this method to improve upon or supplement approaches currently being used. As we demonstrate, the method also can be applied to individual species of concern if enough data across countries are available.</p>
VIIRS Sea ice leads detections using a U-Net
<p>Sea ice leads are long and narrow sea ice fractures. Despite accounting for a small fraction of the Arctic surface area, leads play a critical role in the energy flux between the ocean and atmosphere. As the volume of sea ice in the Arctic has declined over recent decades, it is increasingly important to monitor the corresponding changes in sea ice leads. An approach described in Hoffman et al. 2021 uses artificial intelligence (AI) to detect sea ice leads using satellite thermal infrared window data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The AI used to detect sea ice leads in satellite imagery is a particular kind of convolutional neural network, a U-Net. The originally published dataset included only a small case study of results. Here, the dataset is expanded to include the daily detection of leads since 2011 for the season between November through April.</p>
Text-fig. 1. Diplopanax cacaoides (ZENKER) comb. nov. a–d: [Holotype of Mastixia cantia E.REID et M.CHANDLER, V.22953]. a: Lateral view of longitudinally broken specimen, reflected light. b–d: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. b: Lateral view of longitudinal fracture surface. c: Same specimen rotated to show external surface. d: Enlargement of lower half from (a, b), reflected light. e, f: Specimen figured originally as a paratype of M. cantia, V.22954 (Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 3), reflected light. e: Ventral view with much of the endocarp wall fallen away exposing smooth convex ventral surface of locule cast. f: Transversely fractured surface, showing thick wall of the endocarp, and dehiscence plane leading to the left limb of the locule. g: Transversely sectioned, laterally compressed specimen from Miocene of Wiesa, Germany for comparison, Senckenberg Museum, SM.B. 21034/I. h–j: Digital transverse sections from micro-CT data of the Holotype V.22953. h: Transverse fracture surface from (b), showing curved locule and zone of weakness defining the germination valve (arrow), reflected light. i: Same orientation with clear demarcation of the separation plane of the germination valve (arrow), digital section from micro-CT scan. j: Enlargement from (h). Scale bars 5 mm. in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision
Text-fig. 1. Diplopanax cacaoides (ZENKER) comb. nov. a–d: [Holotype of Mastixia cantia E.REID et M.CHANDLER, V.22953]. a: Lateral view of longitudinally broken specimen, reflected light. b–d: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. b: Lateral view of longitudinal fracture surface. c: Same specimen rotated to show external surface. d: Enlargement of lower half from (a, b), reflected light. e, f: Specimen figured originally as a paratype of M. cantia, V.22954 (Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 3), reflected light. e: Ventral view with much of the endocarp wall fallen away exposing smooth convex ventral surface of locule cast. f: Transversely fractured surface, showing thick wall of the endocarp, and dehiscence plane leading to the left limb of the locule. g: Transversely sectioned, laterally compressed specimen from Miocene of Wiesa, Germany for comparison, Senckenberg Museum, SM.B. 21034/I. h–j: Digital transverse sections from micro-CT data of the Holotype V.22953. h: Transverse fracture surface from (b), showing curved locule and zone of weakness defining the germination valve (arrow), reflected light. i: Same orientation with clear demarcation of the separation plane of the germination valve (arrow), digital section from micro-CT scan. j: Enlargement from (h). Scale bars 5 mm.
Dataset to: Deforestation for agriculture leads to soil warming and enhanced litter decomposition in subarctic soils
<p>Deforestation for agriculture leads to soil warming and enhanced litter decomposition in subarctic soils<br> T. Peplau, C. Poeplau, E. Gregorich, J. Schroeder</p> <p>This repository contains a dataset of soil temperature, soil parameters, farm management and additional site informations.</p> <p>Soil_temperature_data_Yukon.zip: Temperature data from different farms across the Yukon.<br> Each .xlsx file contains data from one temperature logger that logged soil temperature every 2 hours. The individual sheets are named in the following scheme:<br> Farm_landuse_depth.xlsx<br> Farm contains two letters corresponding to the identifier in the soil data set<br> landuse contains either F ("Forest"), CM ("Cropland / Market Garden") or G ("Grassland")<br> Depth is either 10 cm or 50 cm</p> <p>teabags.csv contains raw data about the initial weight of the teabags buried, their location and their weight after two years in the soil</p> <p>tea_decomposition contains the mean decomposition (n=3) of the tabags from each plot and corresponding temperature statistics, based on the logger data</p> <p>Soil_I_IV.csv contains soil parameters from soil samples at 0-10 cm and 40-60 cm</p> <p>site_data_R.csv contains geographical information and soil data that has only been measured once per site</p>
Data for: Selection on the joint action of pairs leads to divergent adaptation and coadaptation of care-giving parents during pre-hatching care
<p>The joint actions of animals in partnerships or social groups evolve under both natural selection, from the wider environment, and social selection, imposed by other members of the pair or group. We used experimental evolution to investigate how jointly expressed actions evolve upon exposure to a new environmental challenge. Our work focused on the evolution of carrion nest preparation by pairs of burying beetles <em>Nicrophorus vespilloides</em>, a joint activity undertaken by the pair but typically led by the male. In previous work, we found that carrion nest preparation evolved to be faster in experimental populations without post-hatching care (No Care lines) than with post-hatching care (Full Care lines). Here we investigate how this joint activity evolved. After 15 generations of experimental evolution, we created heterotypic pairs (No Care females with Full Care males, and No Care males with Full Care females) and compared their carrion nest making with homotypic No Care and Full Care pairs. We found that pairs with No Care males prepared the nest more rapidly than pairs with Full Care males, regardless of the female's line of origin. We discuss how social coadaptations within pairs or groups could act as a post-mating barrier to gene flow.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.