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459 results for “Liolaemidae”
Figs 2-4 in Effects of anthropogenic disturbance in the survival of the sand lizard, Liolaemus occipitalis (Squamata: Liolaemidae)
Figs 2-4. Abundance of Liolaemus occipitalis Boulenger, 1885 estimated in each primary sampling occasion for State Park of Itapeva (P) and Real beach (R), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: 2, adult males; 3, adult females; 4, juveniles. Samplings 1 – 3 were conducted in 2015 and 4 – 6 in 2016; Vertical lines are representative of confidence intervals of 95%.
Linked collectors and determiners for: On the taxonomy of the desert lizard Liolaemus stolzmanni (Steindachner, 1891) A third point of view (Squamata: Liolaemidae).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "On the taxonomy of the desert lizard Liolaemus stolzmanni (Steindachner, 1891) A third point of view (Squamata: Liolaemidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/5c4392c3-3b82-435e-aa25-b3458f39af89">https://bionomia.net/dataset/5c4392c3-3b82-435e-aa25-b3458f39af89</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/5c4392c3-3b82-435e-aa25-b3458f39af89">https://gbif.org/dataset/5c4392c3-3b82-435e-aa25-b3458f39af89</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 4. A, C, E, G in A new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the hot deserts of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Fig. 4. A, C, E, G. Coloring patterns. Adult males of Liolaemus kulinko sp. nov. in dorsal view. B, D, F, H. Adult males of L. mapuche Abdala, 2002 in dorsal view. Photographs by I. Procheret (A, C) and C.S. Abdala (B, D–H).
Fig. 7 in A new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the hot deserts of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Fig. 7. Morphological phylogenetic tree showing the relationships between the species of Liolaemus boulengeri group, including L. kulinko sp. nov.
Fig. 3. A–B in A new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the hot deserts of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Fig. 3. A–B. Adult male specimen of Liolaemus mapuche Abdala, 2002 from the type locality. C. Adult male specimen of L. cuyanus Cei & Scolaro, 1980 from Matagusano, San Juan. D. Adult male specimen of L. goetschi Müller & Hellmich, 1938 from the type locality. E. Adult male specimen of L. puelche Ávila, Morando, Perez & Sites, 2007 from the type locality. F. Adult male specimen of L. josei Abdala, 2005 from the type locality. Photographs: C.S. Abdala.
Fig. 5 in A new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the hot deserts of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Fig. 5. Map of the distribution area of Liolaemus kulinko sp. nov. (red star), type locality of the holotype (black arrow with red star) and type locality of Liolaemus mapuche Abdala, 2002 (yellow square).
Fig. 2. A in A new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the hot deserts of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Fig. 2. A. Preserved male specimens of L. kulinko sp. nov. (top) and L. mapuche Abdala, 2002 (bottom) in dorsal view showing the color pattern. B. Ventral view of L. kulinko sp. nov. (top) and L. mapuche (bottom). C. Living male specimens of L. kulinko sp. nov. (left) and L. mapuche (right) in dorsal view showing the color pattern. D. Preserved male specimens of L. kulinko sp. nov. (left) and L. mapuche (right) showing the cloaca, the arrows indicate the precloacal pores. E. Live male specimens of L. kulinko sp. nov. (top line) and L. mapuche (bottom line) exhibiting the color pattern of the head and neck with the scapular spots. F. Live male specimens of L. kulinko sp. nov. (top line) and L. mapuche (bottom line) showing the varieties in color pattern. G. L. kulinko sp. nov. (left) and L. mapuche (right) showing the front nose. H. L. kulinko sp.nov. (left) and L. mapuche (right) exhibiting details of the color pattern of the body in lateral view.
Fig. 1 in A new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the hot deserts of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Fig. 1. Details of Liolaemus kulinko sp. nov., holotype (MPCN-H-469) (SVL 79.93 mm, tail 112.35 mm). A, C. Dorsal and ventral views of the body. B, E–F. Lateral, ventral and dorsal views of the head. D. Ventral view of precloacal pores. Photographs: P. Chafrat.
Fig. 6 in A new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the hot deserts of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Fig. 6. Molecular phylogenetic tree showing the relationships between the species of the Liolaemus boulengeri group, including L. kulinko sp. nov.
Data from: Elevational Goldilocks zone underlies the exceptional diversity of an Andean lizard radiation (Liolaemus; Liolaemidae)
<p>Mountains are among the most biodiverse regions on the planet, and how these landforms shape diversification through the interaction of biological traits and geo-climatic dynamics is integral to understanding global biodiversity. In this study we investigate the dual roles of climate change and mountain uplift on the evolution of a hyper diverse radiation, <em>Liolaemus </em>lizards, with a spatially explicit model of diversification using a reconstruction of uplift and paleotemperature in central and southern South America. The diversification model captures a hotspot for <em>Liolaemus </em>around 40°S in lineages with low dispersal ability and narrow niche breadths. Under the model, speciation rates are highest in low latitudes (<35°S) and mid-elevations (~1000m), while extinction rates are highest at higher latitudes (>35°S) and higher elevations (>2000m). Temperature change through the Cenozoic explained variation in speciation and extinction rates through time and across different elevational bands. Our results point to the conditions of mid-elevations being optimal for diversification (i.e., Goldilocks Zone), driven by the combination of (1) a complex topography which facilitates speciation during periods of climatic change, and (2) a relatively moderate climate which enables the persistence of ectothermic lineages and buffers species from extinction.</p>
Data from: Elevational Goldilocks zone underlies the exceptional diversity of an Andean lizard radiation (Liolaemus; Liolaemidae)
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Revisiting the multispecies coalescent model fit with an example from a complete molecular phylogeny of the Liolaemus wiegmannii species group (Squamata: Liolaemidae)
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Fig. 1 in An endemic new species of Andean lizard of the genus Liolaemus from southern Peru (Iguania: Liolaemidae) and its phylogenetic position
Fig. 1. Phylogenetic tree obtained using Bayesian Methods (BM).
Fig. 5 in Some color in the desert: description of a new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Peru, and its conservation status
Fig. 5. Female specimens of the Liolaemus anqapuka sp. nov. Photos by A. Quiroz.
Fig. 8 in Some color in the desert: description of a new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Peru, and its conservation status
Fig. 8. Liolaemus anqapuka sp. nov. eating a moth of the Sphingidae family. Photo by A. Quiroz.
Data from: Accuracy and precision of species trees: effects of locus, individual, and base-pair sampling on inference of species trees of the Liolaemus darwinii group (Squamata, Liolaemidae)
Molecular phylogenetics has entered a new era in which species trees are estimated from a collection of gene trees using methods that accommodate their heterogeneity and discordance with the species tree. Empirical evaluation of species trees is necessary to assess the performance (i.e., accuracy and precision) of these methods with real data, which consist of gene genealogies likely shaped by different historical and demographic processes. We analyzed 20 loci for 16 species of the South American lizards of the Liolaemus darwinii species group and reconstructed a species tree with *BEAST, then compared the performance of this method under different sampling strategies of loci, individuals, and sequence lengths. We found an increase in the accuracy and precision of species trees with the number of loci, but for any number of loci, accuracy decreased when using only one individual per species or 25% of the full sequence length. In addition, locus 'informativeness' was an important factor in the accuracy/precision of species trees when using a few loci, but it became increasingly irrelevant with additional loci. Our empirical results combined with previous simulation studies suggest that there is an optimal range of sampling effort of loci, individuals, and sequence lengths for a given speciation history and information content of the data. Future studies should be directed towards further assessment of other factors that can impact performance of species trees, including gene flow, data 'informativeness', tree shape, missing data, and uncertain species boundaries.
Data from: How lizards survived blizzards: phylogeography of the Liolaemus lineomaculatus group (Liolaemidae) reveals multiple breaks and refugia in southern Patagonia, and their concordance with other co-distributed taxa
Patagonia was shaped by a complex geological history, including the Miocene uplift of the Andes, followed by volcanism, marine introgressions, and extreme climatic oscillations during Pleistocene glaciation–deglaciation cycles. The distributional patterns and phylogenetic relationships of southern patagonian animals and plants were affected in different ways, and those imprints are reflected in the seven phylogeographic breaks and eight refugia that have been previously proposed. In this study we estimated time-calibrated phylogenetic/phylogeographic patterns in lizards of the Liolaemus lineomaculatus group, and related them to historical Miocene-to-Pleistocene events of Patagonia and the previously proposed phylogeographic patterns. Individuals from 51 localities were sequenced for the mitochondrial marker (cyt-b) and a sub-sample of individuals from each mitochondrial lineage was sequenced for one nuclear (LDA12D) and one slow evolving mitochondrial gene (12S). Our analyses revealed strong phylogeographic structure among lineages and, in most cases, no signal of population changes through time. The lineomaculatus group is composed of three strongly supported clades (lineomaculatus, hatcheri and kolengh+silvanae), and divergence estimates suggested their origins associated with the oldest known Patagonian glaciation (7-5 Ma); subsequent diversification within the lineomaculatus clade coincided with the large Pliocene glaciations (~3.5 Ma). The lineomaculatus clade includes nine strongly structured genetically and geographically lineages and five of them are interpreted candidate species. Our findings suggest that some Liolaemus lineages have persisted in situ in multiple refugia through several glaciation-deglaciation cycles in southern Patagonia without demographic fluctuations. We also provide qualitative evidence of some shared phylogeographic breaks and refugia among plants, rodents, and lizards.
Data from: Phylogenomic analysis of the Chilean clade of Liolaemus lizards (Squamata: Liolaemidae) based on sequence capture data
The genus Liolaemus is one of the most ecologically diverse and species-rich genera of lizards worldwide. It currently includes more than 250 recognized species, which have been subject to many ecological and evolutionary studies. Nevertheless, Liolaemus lizards have a complex taxonomic history, mainly due to the incongruence between morphological and genetic data, incomplete taxon sampling, incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization. In addition, as many species have restricted and remote distributions, this has hampered their examination and inclusion in molecular systematic studies. The aims of this study are to infer a robust phylogeny for a subsample of lizards representing the Chilean clade (subgenus Liolaemus sensu stricto), and to test the monophyly of several of the major species groups. We use a phylogenomic approach, targeting 541 ultra-conserved elements (UCEs) and 44 protein-coding genes for 16 taxa. We conduct a comparison of phylogenetic analyses using maximum-likelihood and several species tree inference methods. The UCEs provide stronger support for phylogenetic relationships compared to the protein-coding genes; however, the UCEs outnumber the protein-coding genes by 10-fold. On average, the protein-coding genes contain over twice the number of informative sites. Based on our phylogenomic analyses, all the groups sampled are polyphyletic. Liolaemus tenuis tenuis is difficult to place in the phylogeny, because only a few loci (nine) were recovered for this species. Topologies or support values did not change dramatically upon exclusion of L. t. tenuis from analyses, suggesting that missing data did not had a significant impact on phylogenetic inference in this data set. The phylogenomic analyses provide strong support for sister group relationships between L. fuscus, L. monticola, L. nigroviridis and L. nitidus, and L. platei and L. velosoi. Despite our limited taxon sampling, we have provided a reliable starting hypothesis for the relationships among many major groups of the Chilean clade of Liolaemus that will help future work aimed at resolving the Liolaemus phylogeny.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of the Liolaemus darwinii group (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Catamarca Province, Argentina
FIGURE 2. Distribution of Liolaemus crepuscularis (white circles) and members of the ornatus group, plus L. espinozai. The arrow indicates the type locality.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of the Liolaemus darwinii group (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Catamarca Province, Argentina
FIGURE 3. Phylogeny of the darwinii group fom total evidence (morphology and molecular) analysis. (From Abdala, 2005). The arrow indicates Liolaemus crepuscularis.
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OpenNeuro
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