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57 results for “Litterfall”
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: Foliar mineral element concentrations, stocks and annual litterfall fluxes estimated for July 2017
In this study, we are asking the question: how permafrost degradation may influence foliar mineral element cycling with changing subarctic tundra vegeatation? We are answering this question by using a combination of field measurements (aboveground biomass, foliar biomass, foliar net primary productivity (NPP)) and laboratory measurements (mineral element foliar concentration: Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, P, S, Si, and Zn) to evaluate the mineral element foliar stocks and the mineral element foliar fluxes upon annual litterfall. We covered 7 vascular plant species and 2 groups of non-vascular species (mosses and lichens) from an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change (active layer, water table depth, and vegetation composition) due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. Elemental analyses of plant species typical from a moist acidic tundra, combined with aboveground biomass and NPP measurements, brought key information on the influence of the vegetation composition on the litter elemental composition, and thereby the plant nutrient cycling across the subarctic tundra.
Aspen litterfall data for Mountain Research Station, Como Creek, and C1, 1996 - 1999.
This measurement was established in summer 1996, in response to the observation by Mark Losleben that the aspen foliage dynamics appeared to exhibit a very sensitive response to climate, particularly duration of snowpack. Aspen production, as indexed by litterfall, was suggested to be an important integrator andgor response function to climatic variability. Also, these data provide a minimum estimate of aboveground NPP of aspen stands in the Colorado Front Range, a data set of interest in relation to similar measurements obtained for the alpine tundra above these sites. NOTE: The LTER data portal display does not display important maintenance/log information or other EML metadata features. Please be sure to view the EML file (a text file that contains XML tags) which is included in the zip archive (click on "Download zip archive") pertaining to each dataset. The EML file name will have the following format: knb-lter-nwt.[3 digit dataset number].[version number].xml. Most web browsers can parse the EML so it's easier to read.
Tree diversity effects on litter decomposition are mediated by litterfall and microbial processes
<p>Forest ecosystems are critical for their carbon sequestration potential. Increasing tree diversity was shown to enhance both forest productivity and litter decomposition. Litter diversity increases litter decomposability by increasing the diversity of substrates offered to decomposers. However, the relative importance of litter decomposability and decomposer community in mediating tree diversity effects on decomposition remains unknown. Moreover, tree diversity modulation of litterfall spatial distribution, consequently, litter decomposition has rarely been tested. We studied tree diversity effects on leaf litter decomposition and its mediation by the amount of litterfall, litter species richness and decomposability, and soil microorganisms in a large-scale tree diversity experiment in subtropical China. Furthermore, we examined how litter functional identity and diversity affect leaf litter decomposability. Finally, we tested how leaf functional traits, tree biomass, and forest spatial structure drive the litterfall spatial distribution. We found evidence that tree species richness increased litter decomposition by increasing litter species richness and the amount of litterfall. We showed that soil microorganisms in this subtropical forest perform 84–87% of litter decomposition. Moreover, changes in the amount of litterfall and microbial decomposition explained 19–37% of the decomposition variance. Additionally, up to 20% of the microbial decomposition variance was explained by litter decomposability, while litter decomposability itself was determined by litter functional identity, diversity, and species richness. Tree species richness increased litter species richness and the amount of litterfall (+200% from monoculture to 8-species neighborhood). We further demonstrated that the amount of species-specific litterfall increased with increasing tree proximity and biomass and was modulated by leaf functional traits. These litterfall drivers increased the spatial heterogeneity of litter distribution, thus, litter decomposition. We highlighted multiple biomass- and diversity-mediated effects of tree diversity on ecosystem properties driving forest nutrient cycling. We conclude that considering spatial variability in biotic properties will improve our mechanistic understanding of ecosystem functioning.</p>
Tree diversity effects on litter decomposition are mediated by litterfall and microbial processes
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Bonanza Creek site, station Bonanza Creek LTER, study of litterfall in units of gram on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Bonanza Creek (BNZ) contains litterfall measurements in gram units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Monthly leaf litterfall from the Rio Grande flood plain (Bosque) in New Mexico, USA, 1997-2020
Eight litterfall tubs are at each BEMP site are used collect leaf litterfall in the Bosque. This dataset is useful in evaluating leaf litterfall as a proxy for net above ground primary productivity, native and exotic species composition, and can provide early indicators of plant stress before mortality occurs (eg, leaf drop in summer).
Data from: Shock and stabilisation following long-term drought in tropical forest from 15 years of litterfall dynamics
Litterfall dynamics in tropical forests are a good indicator of overall tropical forest function, indicative of carbon invested in both photosynthesising tissues and reproductive organs such as flowers and fruits. These dynamics are sensitive to changes in climate, such as drought, but little is known about the long-term responses of tropical forest litterfall dynamics to extended drought stress. We present a 15-year dataset of litterfall (leaf, flower and fruit, and twigs) from the world's only long-running drought experiment in tropical forest. This dataset comprises one of the longest published litterfall time series in natural forest, which allows the long-term effects of drought on forest reproduction and canopy investment to be explored. Over the first 4 years of the experiment, the experimental soil moisture deficit created only a small decline in total litterfall and leaf fall (12% and 13%, respectively), but a very strong initial decline in reproductive litterfall (flowers and fruits) of 54%. This loss of flowering and fruiting was accompanied by a de-coupling of all litterfall patterns from seasonal climate variables. However, following >10 years of the experimental drought, flower and fruiting re-stabilised at levels greater than in the control plot, despite high tree mortality in the drought plot. Litterfall relationships with atmospheric drivers were re-established alongside a strong new apparent trade-off between litterfall and tree growth. Synthesis. We demonstrate that this tropical forest went through an initial shock response during the first 4 years of intense drought, where reproductive effort was arrested and seasonal litterfall patterns were lost. However, following >10 years of experimental drought, this system appears to be re-stabilising at a new functional state where reproduction is substantially elevated on a per tree basis; and there is a new strong trade-off between investment in canopy production and wood production.
Data from: Fine litterfall in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Litterfall is an essential component of tropical forest productivity, transferring nutrients from the vegetation back to soils. Here, we summarize the data from 105 estimates of fine litterfall production from 45 sites in the Atlantic Forest domain, including two types of forests, evergreen and seasonal, and two successional stages, secondary and old growth. The overall litterfall average was 8.0 ± 2.5 Mg/ha. Litterfall was significantly in higher seasonal forests than in evergreen forests and in old growth versus secondary forests. Leaves were the major component of litterfall, contributing 68 percent to the total. The second most important component was branches, contributing 22 percent, followed by reproductive organs (flowers and fruits), at 6 percent. Accurate measurements of tropical forest productivity are crucial for estimating their role in sequestering atmospheric carbon, and we suggest some ways to standardize litterfall sampling to obtain better estimates.
Data from: Fine litterfall in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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Data from: Shock and stabilisation following long-term drought in tropical forest from 15 years of litterfall dynamics
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Data from: Litterfall and nutrient dynamics shift in tropical forest restoration sites after a decade of recovery
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Data from: Tree species diversity promotes litterfall productivity through crown complementarity in subtropical forests
1. The role of niche complementarity for driving the positive biodiversity-ecosystem productivity relationship has been widely recognized, but there is scant evidence regarding the role of tree canopy structure on this relationship. Litterfall productivity is proportional to forest net primary productivity in natural forests, and we hypothesized that litterfall productivity would increase with tree species diversity via increased tree crown complementarity. 2. We investigated annual litterfall productivity, species diversity, tree crown architecture, soil moisture content, soil carbon content, and stand age across 28 subtropical forest plots in eastern Zhejiang province, China. Simple linear regression was used to examine bivariate relationships among rarified species richness, crown complementarity, total crown volume, soil moisture content, soil carbon content, stand age, and litterfall productivity. Structural equation modeling was employed to quantify the direct and indirect effects of species richness on litterfall productivity through tree crown complementarity. 3. Litterfall productivity increased with rarefied species richness via increasing crown complementarity rather than total crown volume. Species richness, crown complementarity, and litterfall productivity increased with soil moisture content, while crown complementarity and litterfall productivity increased with soil carbon content. Neither species richness nor crown complementarity increased with stand age, even though litterfall productivity increased with stand age. 4. Synthesis. Our study provides evidence for a strong role of tree crown assembly in shaping ecosystem function in complex natural forests. Our findings suggest that crown spatial complementarity among trees operates mechanistically to drive the positive tree species diversity-litterfall productivity relationship in subtropical forests. We argue that community and/or ecosystem ecology would benefit from more attention to crown variability among coexisting tree species.
Seasonal and annual dynamics of litterfall
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Data from: Tree species diversity promotes litterfall productivity through crown complementarity in subtropical forests
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Soil CO2 Flux, Moisture, Temperature, and Litterfall, La Selva, Costa Rica, 2003-2010
This data set provides measurements of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emission rates, soil moisture, relative humidity (RH), temperature, and litterfall from six types of tree plantations at the La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. Soil CO2 flux and related measurements were made 1) hourly during 2-day diel field campaigns and 2) as single daytime measurements during multiple survey campaigns, over the period 2004-2010. All measurements were made at the same sites to compare hourly, monthly, and inter-annual variations. Most of the emissions data represent a single soil CO2 flux measurement, with three to five measurements per plot. Litterfall was collected monthly from 2003-2009 and was sorted into fractions prior to drying.
A Global Database of Litterfall Mass and Litter Pool Carbon and Nutrients
Measurement data of aboveground litterfall and littermass and litter carbon, nitrogen, and nutrient concentrations were extracted from 685 original literature sources and compiled into a comprehensive database to support the analysis of global patterns of carbon and nutrients in litterfall and litter pools. Data are included from sources dating from 1827 to 1997. The reported data include the literature reference, general site information (description, latitude, longitude, and elevation), site climate data (mean annual temperature and precipitation), site vegetation characteristics (management, stand age, ecosystem and vegetation-type codes), annual quantities of litterfall (by class, kg m-2 yr-1), litter pool mass (by class and litter layer, kg m-2), and concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and base cations for the litterfall (g m-2 yr-1) and litter pool components (g m-2). The investigators intent was to compile a comprehensive data set of individual direct field measurements as reported by researchers. While the primary emphasis was on acquiring C data, measurements of N, P, and base cations were also obtained, although the database is sparse for elements other than C and N. Each of the 1,497 records in the database represents a measurement site. Replicate measurements were averaged according to conventions described in Section 5 and recorded for each site in the database. The sites were at 575 different locations.
Dataset of intra-annual variation in litterfall for five mangrove species
<p>The dataset of litterfall collected using litter traps in the Dongzhaigang Mangrove National Nature Reserve, Hainan Island, China. The data collection spans the entire year of 2011, with samples collected approximately every 15 days.</p>
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