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opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Rhizobial inoculation experiments for the invasive legume Lupinus polyphyllus

Background and Aims: For invasive plant species that associate with mutualistic symbionts, partner quality can be critical to their invasion success. This might be particularly true for legumes that host nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia). Here, we examined the relative effectiveness of rhizobial strains on the invasive legume Lupinus polyphyllus. Methods: We isolated rhizobia from field populations of L. polyphyllus and conducted inoculation experiments in which we quantified plant growth in greenhouse and common-garden conditions. Results: Differences in nodulation and effectiveness in terms of increasing plant growth among rhizobial strains of the genus Bradyrhizobium were more pronounced in the greenhouse than in the common garden. All six rhizobial strains nodulated the host plant in greenhouse conditions, but one failed to nodulate in the common garden. Under greenhouse conditions, five rhizobial strains increased plant biomass by 66–110%, while one provided negligible benefits compared to control plants without rhizobia, suggesting that rhizobial identity might be critical to the invader's performance. However, the common-garden experiment revealed no differences in the effectiveness of rhizobial strains in terms of plant biomass, number of leaflets per leaf, height, root:shoot ratio, or survival. Moreover, the performance of rhizobia-inoculated plants in the common garden did not differ from plants without rhizobia, which may call into question the fitness benefits of rhizobia to field populations of this species. Conclusions: The discrepancies observed between the two environments highlight the importance of considering field-realistic growing conditions and multiple plant traits when assessing the potential growth benefits of symbiotic partners to host plants.

publicJun 2023View details →

Rhizobial inoculation experiments for the invasive legume Lupinus polyphyllus

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publicMay 2015View details →

Data from: Relationships in the Lupinus albifrons species complex (Fabaceae) based on two highly variable chloroplast regions

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publicJun 2022View details →

Herbivory and traits of Lupinus polyphyllus

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publicOct 2024View details →

Bacterial communities and soil chemistry from ten established invasions of Lupinus polyphyllus in southwestern Finland, 2020

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edi36/100

Lupinus Transgenerational Effects: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment

BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe

openCC0Jan 2018View details →

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Lupclip: Annual mowing has the potential to reduce the invasion of herbaceous Lupinus polyphyllus

In order to manage invasive plant species efficiently, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of different strategies of population control, including the underlying mechanisms of action and the consequences for target populations. Here, I explored the effectiveness of biomass removal as a method of control for the invasive perennial herb Lupinus polyphyllus. More specifically, using seed material from 11 populations, I assessed among-population variation (if any) in plant compensatory growth as a response to annual biomass removal under standardised growing conditions over two consecutive years, and quantified the demographic effects of a single biomass-removal event. In all study populations, annual biomass removal reduced plant size, flowering probability, and shoot and root biomass. Biomass removal also reduced plant survival and the number of flowering shoots, but these effects were pronounced at certain time points only. A population-level demographic analysis revealed that a single biomass-removal event considerably decreased the long-term population growth rate (λ); this decline in λ was due to a reduction in plant fecundity followed by survival and growth. These findings suggest that annual mowing has the potential to curb invasions of L. polyphyllus because plants are not able to fully compensate for drastic biomass loss.

opencc-zeroDec 2010View details →

Data from: Multiple continental radiations and correlates of diversification in Lupinus (Leguminosae): testing for key innovation with incomplete taxon sampling

Replicate radiations provide powerful comparative systems to address questions about the interplay between opportunity and innovation in driving episodes of diversification and the factors limiting their subsequent progression. However, such systems have been rarely documented at intercontinental scales. Here, we evaluate the hypothesis of multiple radiations in the genus Lupinus (Leguminosae), which exhibits some of the highest known rates of net diversification in plants. Given that incomplete taxon sampling, background extinction, and lineage-specific variation in diversification rates can confound macroevolutionary inferences regarding the timing and mechanisms of cladogenesis, we used Bayesian relaxed clock phylogenetic analyses as well as MEDUSA and BiSSE birth–death likelihood models of diversification, to evaluate the evolutionary patterns of lineage accumulation in Lupinus. We identified 3 significant shifts to increased rates of net diversification (r) relative to background levels in the genus (r = 0.18–0.48 lineages/myr). The primary shift occurred approximately 4.6 Ma (r = 0.48–1.76) in the montane regions of western North America, followed by a secondary shift approximately 2.7 Ma (r = 0.89–3.33) associated with range expansion and diversification of allopatrically distributed sister clades in the Mexican highlands and Andes. We also recovered evidence for a third independent shift approximately 6.5 Ma at the base of a lower elevation eastern South American grassland and campo rupestre clade (r = 0.36–1.33). Bayesian ancestral state reconstructions and BiSSE likelihood analyses of correlated diversification indicated that increased rates of speciation are strongly associated with the derived evolution of perennial life history and invasion of montane ecosystems. Although we currently lack hard evidence for "replicate adaptive radiations" in the sense of convergent morphological and ecological trajectories among species in different clades, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that iteroparity functioned as an adaptive key innovation, providing a mechanism for range expansion and rapid divergence in upper elevation regions across much of the New World.

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Performance and microbiota of Lupinus polyphyllus for Plant and Soil

Purpose: In cold climates, glyphosate residues may linger in soils, with effects on plant-microbe interactions and, consequently, plant performance. Here, we explore the influence of glyphosate residues on the endophytic microbiota (bacteria and fungi) and performance of the perennial nitrogen-fixing weed Lupinus polyphyllus. Methods: In a common garden, we grew plants from six populations of L. polyphyllus in glyphosate-treated or untreated control soils, with or without additional phosphorus. We sampled plant microbiota (leaves, roots, nodules) and assessed plant performance based on six traits: height, retrogression probability (i.e. shrinkage), biomass, root:shoot ratio, nodule number, and nodule viability. Results: The richness of plant endophytic microbial communities was determined by soil phosphorus level rather than by glyphosate treatment. However, for bacteria, the composition of these communities differed between glyphosate-treated and control soils across plant tissue types; no difference was observed for fungi. The plant bacterial communities in both soil types were dominated by potential nitrogen-fixing bacteria belonging to family Bradyrhizobiaceae, and particularly so in glyphosate-treated soils. Overall, though, these changes in plant bacterial communities had a minor effect on plant performance: the only difference we detected was that the probability of retrogression was occasionally higher in glyphosate-treated soils than in control soils. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that glyphosate-based herbicides, when applied at the recommended frequency and concentration, may not have critical effects on the growth of short-lived weeds after the safety period has passed; however, the endophytic microbiota of such weeds may experience longer-lasting shifts in community structure.

FIGURE 1. Lupinus hieronymi C.P in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 1. Lupinus hieronymi C.P.Sm. A. Isotype CORD, sheet A, the plant mounted at the right side (A3) is an isotype. B. Isotype CORD, sheet B. the three inflorescences (B1, B2, B3) are isotypes. C. Dissected flowers and leaflet showing banner obovate (Lillo 8754). D. Plant growing in Salta (Photo Fabbroni) representative specimen Fabbroni 1816 (MCNS). E. Detail of inflorescence. F. Detail of leaflets with expanded hairs in the abaxial face. G. Detail of stem with long erect hairs. H. Microphotograph (100 x) leaflet with long erect hairs (Seisdedos & Planchuelo). I. Photo SEM (50 x) seed hilar region. J. Photo SEM (2500 x) reticulate-foveate seed coat (Photos Perissé & Planchuelo).

FIGURE 3. Lupinus austrorientalis C.P in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 3. Lupinus austrorientalis C.P.Sm. A. Isotype at SI showing the label that says "Leg Pablo Güther, Lorentz, Fl. Arg. 464". B. Dissected flowers with banners wider than long, typical of var. austrorientalis & var. umidicola (Planchuelo 958). C. Dissected flowers showing the orbicular banner of var. jujuyensis (Venturi 8163). D. Plant growing in Salta, representative specimen Fabbroni 1754 (MCNS) (Photo Fabbroni). E. Detail of inflorescence. F. Detail of flower showing the wide banner that covers the calyx. G. Portion of stem with semi-appressed long hairs and dense curly short hairs. H. Photo SEM (100 x) showing adaxial face of leaflet covered with long hairs, typical of var. austrorientalis and var. jujuyensis, this later more dense. I. Photo SEM (100 x) showing adaxial face of leaflet glabrous typical of var. umidicola. J. Fresh seed in a pod showing the cream color tegument and angle mark around the hilar region. K. mature seed with darker seed coat and angle mark around the hilar region (Photos Fabbroni).

FIGURE 4 in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 4. Distribution maps of the treated species. The dots indicate the places where representative specimens were collected. Due to the overlap of places, the number of citations is indicated by province in a north-south sequence. A. Lupinus hieronymi C.P.Sm.: Jujuy 4; Salta, 2; Tucumán, 14; Catamarca 4; La Rioja, 1; Córdoba, 9. B. Lupinus burkartianus C.P.Sm.: Jujuy 14; Salta, 6; Tucumán, 16; Catamarca 4; La Rioja, 2. C. Lupinus austrorientalis C.P.Sm. var. austrorientalis: Jujuy 8; Salta, 3; Catamarca, 5; La Rioja, 1. D. Lupinus austrorientalis var. umidicola (C.P.Sm.) Planchuelo: Jujuy, 2; Salta, 13; Tucumán, 4; Catamarca 7; La Rioja, 3; Córdoba, 6. E. Lupinus austrorientalis var. jujuyensis (C.P.Sm.) Planchuelo: Jujuy, 6; Salta, 3.

FIGURE 2. Lupinus burkartianus C.P in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 2. Lupinus burkartianus C.P.Sm. A. Isotype UC with typical extended inflorescence. B. Isotype L. opertospicus, LIL with inflorescence covered by leaves. C. Diagram of holotype showing the extended inflorescence D. Diagram of holotype L. opertospicus showing the inflorescence covered by the leaves and petioles that are 2 ½–3 times the length of a leaflet. E. Dissected flowers showing banner broad obovate (Planchuelo 986). F. Plant growing in Jujuy, representative specimen Planchuelo 986 (ACOR) (Photo Planchuelo). G. Detail of inflorescence. H. Microphotograph (150 x) of adaxial face of leaflet papillose with a basal portion of a long hair. I. Photo SEM (100 x) showing the adaxial face of leaflet with esparcelly long hairs (Photos Seisdedos & Planchuelo).

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Phenology of Lupinus polyphyllus from Central to Northern Europe

Plant phenology, i. e. the timing of life cycle events, is related to individual fitness and species distribution ranges. Among the environmental factors, phenology is mostly driven by temperature and day length. Rapid adaptation of their phenology may also be important for the success of invasive plant species. Our main aim was to understand how the performance, timing, and temperature dependence of the phenology of the invasive legume Lupinus polyphyllus varies with latitude. L. polyphyllus is one of the most frequent invasive species in Europe, and the gained information may help to make management more effective by adjustments to latitude and phenology.

FIGURA 1 in Conservació d'espècies amenaçades lligada al coneixement etnobotànic: el cas de la tramussera valenciana (Lupinus mariae-josephae)

FIGURA 1. Exemplar de Lupinus mƠriƠe-josephƠe (lloma del Tramussar,Llombai,València).Autor:Simón Fos.

FIGURA 2 in Conservació d'espècies amenaçades lligada al coneixement etnobotànic: el cas de la tramussera valenciana (Lupinus mariae-josephae)

FIGURA 2. Lloc de la troballa original de la tramussera valenciana a Montserrat (València),actualment convertit en una pedrera.Autor:Simón Fos.

FIGURA 5 in Conservació d'espècies amenaçades lligada al coneixement etnobotànic: el cas de la tramussera valenciana (Lupinus mariae-josephae)

FIGURA 5. Imatge de l'investigador Higinio Pascual, descriptor de l'espècie Lupinus mƠriƠe-josephƠe, durant la seua visita en 2006 al pla del Tramussar (Xàtiva,València).Autor:Simón Fos.

FIGURA 7 in Conservació d'espècies amenaçades lligada al coneixement etnobotànic: el cas de la tramussera valenciana (Lupinus mariae-josephae)

FIGURA 7. Tendència poblacional de la tramussera valenciana (L. mƠriƠe-josephƠe) per al període 2006-2022.La gràfica mostra l'índex de canvi obtingut amb el programa TRIM (la línia discontínua marca el valor 100 de l'inici) i l'interval de confiança (±1,96 error estàndard). Population trends of the Valencian Lupin (L.mƠriƠe-josephƠe) for the period 2006-2022.This graph shows the change index obtained from the program TRIM (the dashed line marks the starting value 100) and the confidence interval (±1.96 standard error).

opennotspecifiedAug 2018View details →

FIGURE 2 in The acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) of Colombia and Ecuador including a new species from Colombia

FIGURE 2. Lupinus luisanae Contreras-Ortiz & Jara var. luisanae. A. Detail of inflorescence. B. Habit, Páramo de Pisba. C. Habit, Sierra Nevada del Cocuy. Lupinus luisanae var. ocentesis Contreras-Ortiz & Jara. D. Detail of inflorescence. E. Habit, Páramo de Ocetá. F. Detail of leaf, scale bar 3 cm. Photographs A and B, Astrid Caro; C–F, Natalia Contreras.