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FIGURE 8 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 8. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma lineata group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers.

FIGURE 6 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 6. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma madagascariensis group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers.

FIGURE 5 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma astriata group (clade H) the P. madagascariensis group, and P. vanheygeni as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations.

FIGURE 9 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 9. Holotypes of (a) Phelsuma dorsivittata (SMF 59373) and (b) Phelsuma parva (ZFMK 19315) in dorsal and ventral view, as photographed in August 2009. Scale bars represent 10 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 4. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma cepediana group as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations.

FIGURE 3 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 3. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma mutabilis group as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations.

FIGURE 2 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 2. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma dubia group as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. Asterisks mark nodes supported by Bayesian posterior probabilities of 99% or higher. ML bootstraps supports above 50 are given below the corresponding branch. Relevant PP values above 95 are given above respective branches (italics). Clade numbers M and O are as in Rocha et al. (2009) and discussed in the text.

FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 1. Schematic cladogram summarizing phylogenetic relationships of species groups proposed herein, species contained in each group, and characters useful for their phenotypic characterization. The tree is adapted from Rocha et al. (2009) and represents the BI 50% majority-rule consensus tree of combined mitochondrial and nuclear data. Species groups containing more that one species are colour coded.

FIGURES 16–19 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 16–19. Bruchidius grandemaculatus (male): 16—median lobe (ventral view); 17—lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius haladai: 18—median lobe (ventral view); 19—lateral lobes (ventral view).

FIGURES 13–15 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 13–15. Bruchidius glomeratus (male): 13—median lobe (ventral view); 14—lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius basilewskyi (male, paratype, MNHN): 15—median lobe (ventral view).

FIGURES 20–24 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 20–24. Bruchidius ishwaensis (male): 20—median lobe (ventral view); 21—lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius ishwaensis (female): 22—spermatheca (lateral view); Bruchidius tanaensis (male): 23—median lobe (ventral view); 24—lateral lobes (ventral view).

FIGURES 1–4 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 1–4. Bruchidius albosparsus (male): 1—median lobe (ventral view); 2—lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius aurivillii (male): 3—median lobe with internal sac evaginated (lateral view); 4—sclerites of the internal sac (ventral view).

FIGURE 27 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURE 27. Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses. On the left side the best-fit maximum likelihood (ML) tree is figured. Support values are only provided for nodes leading to species (BV <50% are not figured). On the right side the majority-rule consensus topology from Bayesian inference (BI) analyses is figured. Support values are only provided for nodes leading to species (PP <50% are not figured). Representatives of the Bruchidius albosparsus species group are highlighted using a red frame.

FIGURES 9–12 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 9–12. Bruchidius nongoniermai (male): 9—median lobe (ventral view); 10—lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius gerrardiicola (male): 11—median lobe (ventral view); 12—lateral lobes (ventral view).

FIGURES 25–26 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 25–26. Bruchidius uberatus (male): 25—median lobe (ventral view); 26—lateral lobes (ventral view).

FIGURES 5–8 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 5–8. Bruchidius elnairensis (male): 5—median lobe (ventral view); 6—lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius eminingensis (male): 7—median lobe (ventral view); 8—lateral lobes (ventral view).

opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

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Unveiling the evolutionary history of a puzzling antlion genus Gatzara Navás (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae) based on systematic revision, molecular phylogenetics, and biogeographic inference

The antlion genus Gatzara Navás, 1915 is one of the major lineages of the subfamily Dendroleontinae Banks, 1899 (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) from Asia, but having chaotic background of systematics. Here we present a comprehensive systematic revision and mitochondrial phylogenomic analysis to clarify the identity and to unravel the evolutionary history of this genus. Combining morphological and molecular evidence, we separate the species of Gatzara into two clades, and most of these species are transferred to the genus Nepsalus Navás, 1912 herein restored. The dated phylogeny with ancestral area reconstruction indicates that the common ancestor of Gatzara and Nepsalus might have been widely distributed in East Asia and these two genera might have diverged during the late Miocene. The speciation of most Nepsalus species that are allopatric in distribution might have been driven by a series of vicarience events related to the rise of the Himalayas and the formation of the major islands of East Asia during the late Miocene and Pliocene. A new species, namely N. chikuni sp. n., is described from Tibet. New taxonomic changes include the six new combinations: N. caelestis (Krivokhatsky, 1997) comb. n., N. decorillus (Yang, 1997) comb. n., N. decorosus (Yang, 1988) comb. n., N. indicus (Navás, 1914) comb. n., N. insolitus (Walker, 1860) comb. n., N. jezoensis (Okamoto, 1910) comb. n., and N. petrophilus (Miller & Stange, 1999) comb. n.

opennotspecifiedOct 2012View details →

Fig. 4 in Systematics and phylogenetic species delimitation within Polinices s.l. (Caenogastropoda: Naticidae) based on molecular data and shell morphology

Fig. 4 NeighborNet network based on the concatenated data set (COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, H3). Bootstrap values are indicated

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Data from: Phylogenetic systematics of Cochlospermaceae (Malvales) based on molecular and morphological evidence

Cochlospermaceae (Malvales) is a small family of two genera, Amoreuxia and Cochlospermum. Cochlospermum has a pantropical distribution with species present in Mexico, Central and South America, the West Indies, Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia, whereas Amoreuxia has a more restricted distribution in the Americas. Amoreuxia is comprised of four herbaceous species, and Cochlospermum has seven tree species and five that are suffrutescent subshrubs. The two genera also differ in floral symmetry, corolla coloration patterns, and stamen morphology. The goals of this study were to reconstruct the phylogeny of Cochlospermaceae to evaluate the monophyly of the family and its two genera, to resolve interspecific relationships, and to interpret patterns of morphological evolution. In addition, a minor goal was to examine its relationship to sister families, such as Bixaceae, a family in which Cochlospermaceae has been variously placed. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out using DNA sequences of the following markers: nuclear ribosomal ITS and the chloroplast trnG and trnL-F regions. The data support the monophyly of Cochlospermaceae and its distinctiveness from its sister families. While Amoreuxia is supported as monophyletic, Cochlospermum is paraphyletic with two species (C. orinocense and C. tetraporum) consistently placed outside a clade of all remaining Cochlospermum species. Ancestral character state reconstructions of morphology indicate that the tree habit may be ancestral in Cochlospermaceae with a single shift to an herbaceous growth form in Amoreuxia with the suffrutescent growth form having arisen twice within Cochlospermum, once in South America and once in Africa. There has been a single shift in floral morphology from radial symmetry, solid yellow petals, and uniform stamens to bilateral symmetry, two-toned petals, and dimorphic stamens in Amoreuxia. Anthers with one apical pore found in core Cochlospermum species may be a reduction from anthers with two pores, such as those found in Amoreuxia and in C. orinocense and C. tetraporum. Seed shape supports the sister relationships within Cochlospermaceae, particularly within Amoreuxia.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →