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FIGURE 2 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood tree of relationships among mitochondrial ND2 sequences from Assa, rooted with a range of myobatrachid outgroups (see Table 1), which we did not include to aid in displaying the relationships among the ingroup sequences due to the very long branch between the in- and outgroups. Numbers at nodes resent ML bootstrap proportions (on left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (on right). Number prefixes refer to collection locations in Fig. 1 and Table 1.

FIGURE 5 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 5. Plots showing results of Principal Component Analysis of allometrically adjusted and log-transformed body measurements separately for each sex of Assa.

FIGURE 1 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 1. Records of Assa derived from the Atlas of Living Australia database records (small green dots), showing the distribution in five major geographic regions (labeled). Sampling locations for genetic study (coloured symbols), and locations of recorded mating calls (yellow triangles), see Supplementary Table S2 for sample sizes for mating calls.

FIGURE 4 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic analysis of Assa SNP data. A) SVDQuartets tree. All nodes had 100% bootstrap proportions, B) IQTree maximum likelihood tree based on concatenated SNP data.

FIGURE 8 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 8. Distribution records from the Atlas of Living Australia for Assa in the vicinity of the Tweed Caldera. Locations sampled for the molecular genetic analyses of A. darlingtoni are marked with the same symbols, large black squares and grey circles, as were used in Fig. 1. Locations that we infer to be A. darlingtoni are denoted by small rounded green symbols. Locations sampled for molecular genetic analyses of A. wollumbin sp. nov. on the central volcanic plug are denoted with large blue triangles, and other database locations that we infer are this species are denoted with smaller blue circles. Locations in the Tweed Caldera where species identity is uncertain are denoted by red stars.

FIGURE 7 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 7. Assa courtship call of A) Assa wollumbin sp. nov. (Wollumbin, NSW), and B) Assa darlingtoni (Border Ranges National Park, NSW)

FIGURE 3. A in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 3. A) Maximum Likelihood phylogram and B) SVD Quartets cladogram of relationships among Mixophyes based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms. Alphanumeric codes refer to collection location details and ABTC numbers in Table 1.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 6. Cross bar patterns on hindlimbs of Mixophyes. Side by side comparison of A) thigh and B) tibia-fibula in life of left Mixophyes balbus from Coombadjha Creek Washpool NP and right M. australis sp. nov. from Congewai Creek, Watagan NP. Thighs of Mixophyes balbus from C) Little Styx River, New England NP, D) Thungutti Creek, New England NP, E) Coombadjha Creek, Washpool NP, and Mixophyes australis sp. nov. from F) Congewai Creek, Watagan NP, G) Frying Pan Creek, Chichester SF and H) Sharpes Creek, Gloucester Tops NP.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 5. Plots of linear discriminants for analyses of morphological variation among Mixophyes balbus (blue) and Mixophyes australis sp. nov. (red).

FIGURE 7 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 7. Mixophyes balbus in life. A) Rockadooie Ck, Curramore SF, Michael Mahony, B) Coombadjha Ck, Washpool NP, Stephen Mahony, C) Washpool NP, Gibraltar Range, Stephen Mahony, D) Coombadjha Ck, Washpool NP, Stephen Mahony, E) Forestland SF, Stephen Mahony, F) Forestland SF, Stephen Mahony.

FIGURE 10 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 10. Comparison of geographic pattern of relationships among mitochondrial DNA sequences and nuclear genetic (SNP) groups, highlighting the discordance in relationships among samples inferred from the two genomic compartments. Refer to Table 1 for locality code information and ABTC numbers.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 4. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Principal Component Analysis of Mixophyes fleayi and M. balbus. A) PC1 v PC2, B) PC3 v PC4, C) STRUCTURE barplot of all ingroup samples, D) STRUCTURE barplot of southern group samples only.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 2. Bayesian phylogram of relationships among mitochondrial ND2 haplotypes in Mixophyes. Values at nodes represent ML bootstrap proportions (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right). The tree was rooted with sequences from the outgroups and Lechriodus melanopyga, Limnodynastes salmini and Neobatrachus pictus (Table 1). Alphanumeric codes refer to collection location details and ABTC numbers in Table 1.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 8. Mixophyes australis sp. nov. in life. A) Holotype AMS R188750, Sharpes Creek, Gloucester Top NP, Ross Knowles, B) Sharpes Creek, Gloucester Top NP, C) Gap Creek, Watagan NP, Stephen Mahony, D) Abbots Ck, Olney SF, Stephen Mahony, E) Cockerawombeeba Ck, Hastings Range, Michael Mahony, F) Cockerawombeeba Ck, Hastings Range, Michael Mahony.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 1. Map showing collection locations sampled for molecular genetic analysis of Mixophyes in eastern Australia. Alphanumeric codes refer to collection location details in Table 1. Small black dots are voucher records from the Atlas of Living Australia, yellow triangles—M. fleayi, blue circles—M. balbus northern group, red squares—M. balbus southern group.

FIGURE 9 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 9. Reproductive calls of Mixophyes balbus and Mixophyes australis sp. nov. A) Oscillogram and spectrogram of a series of advertisement calls and encounter calls of Mixophyes australis sp. nov. over 40 seconds duration, B) a single call with the time axis expanded (1.5 seconds duration), C) oscillogram and spectrogram of a series of advertisement calls and encounter calls of Mixophyes balbus over 40 seconds duration, D) a single call with the time axis expanded (1.5 seconds duration), E) oscillogram and spectrogram of an encounter call of Mixophyes australis sp. nov., (0.4 second time axis), and F) oscillogram and spectrogram of an encounter call Mixophyes balbus (0.4 second time axis). a = advertisement call, e = encounter call, and kHz is kilohertz.

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FIGURE 12 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 12. Images of Mixophyes australis sp. nov. holotype, scale bar 10 mm (AMS R188750).

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FIGURE 11 in A new species of barred frog, Mixophyes (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from south-eastern Australia identified by molecular genetic analyses

FIGURE 11. Images of Mixophyes balbus holotype, scale bar 10 mm (AMS R25922).

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FIGURE 11 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 11. Reproduction and male parental care in Assa darlingtoni. A) male picking-up embryos, one embryo entering pouch, B) male sitting among hatched embryos, one moving up the crevice between the thigh and flanks towards pouch opening, C) male sitting among hatched tadpoles, D) male carrying young, rounded and extended body, pouch opening has a visible puckering to be tightly closed, E) male carrying rounded, pouch opening tightly closed, and F) two metamorphlings sitting on a coin (17.6 mm in diameter). Images by MJM and Ross Knowles.

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FIGURE 10 in A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)

FIGURE 10. Photos in life of Assa darlingtoni. A–C) Lamington National Park, Qld QM J96337, QM J96194, QM J96195; D) Conondale Ranges QM J86611; E) Mt Glorious, Qld QMJ96191; F) Springbrook, Qld QM J86656. Ventral views G-H) Lamington National Park, Qld QMJ 96337, QM J96195, I) Springbrook, Qld QM J86656. Images by HBH.