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70 results for “Neotropical trees”
Figure 2. Implied weighting analysis, one tree obtained with concavity constant value k in New and revised taxa of Neotropical Diplotaxini (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae): do they change the existing relationships? Revisiting systematics with morphological and molecular data
Figure 2. Implied weighting analysis, one tree obtained with concavity constant value k = 8.750. The numbers displayed in each node correspond to the value of relative Bremer and symmetric resampling supports (above and below, respectively).
FIGURE 77. Strict consensus tree resulting from 82 in A revision of the Neotropical spider genus Nops MacLeay (Araneae: Caponiidae) with the first phylogenetic hypothesis for the Nopinae genera
FIGURE 77. Strict consensus tree resulting from 82 most parsimonious trees using implied weights (k=2–6) (Lf=115, Ci=0.44, Ri=0.72), with unambiguous character optimizations shown for every branch. Empty and filled hashmarks represent homoplasious and non–homoplasious transformations respectively, with characters on top and states below. Numbers above branches with colored background are Jackknife percentages (left) and Bremer support values in units of fit (right). Jackknife values below 60 % were omitted.
Phylogeny and systematics of Crescentieae (Bignoniaceae), a Neotropical clade of cauliflorous and bat-pollinated trees
<p>The tribe Crescentieae includes <i>Amphitecna</i> (21 species), <i>Crescentia </i>(six species), and <i>Parmentiera</i> (10 species), three genera of understory trees with a center of diversity in Central America and a small number of species in the Antilles and northern South America. Species in Crescentieae are united by their fleshy, indehiscent fruit and cauliflorous, bat-pollinated flowers. The large fruits are presumed to have evolved to be mammal dispersed, although water dispersal is known to occur. To lay a foundation for examining morphological, ecological, and biogeographic patterns within the tribe, we inferred the phylogeny for Crescentieae using both chloroplast (<i>ndhF</i>, <i>trnL-F</i>) and nuclear markers (PepC, ITS). The most recent circumscription of Crescentieae, containing <i>Amphitecna</i>, <i>Crescentia</i>, and <i>Parmentiera</i> is supported by our phylogenetic results. Likewise, the sister relationship between Crescentieae and the Antillean-endemic <i>Spirotecoma</i> is also corroborated by our findings. This relationship implies the evolution of fleshy and indehiscent fruits from dry and dehiscent ones, as well as the evolution of bat pollination from insect pollination. Fruits and seeds from species in Crescentieae are consumed by humans, ungulates, birds, and fish.</p>
Ectomycorrhizal fungal community assembly on seedlings of a Neotropical monodominant tree
<p>Ectomycorrhizal tree species may benefit from positive plant-soil feedbacks, where soil environments near adult trees enhance conspecific seedling growth and survival. In tropical monodominant forests seedling survival is particularly important, as seedling banks help maintain stand-level dominance over generations. Positive plant-soil feedbacks may be mediated by diverse ectomycorrhizal fungal communities, which improve nutrient acquisition of heavily shaded seedlings. Despite the potential importance of these fungi, little is known about ectomycorrhizal fungal community development on seedlings of tropical monodominant trees. In Guyana, we sequentially monitored percent colonization and species composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi on an even-age cohort of seedlings of the tropical monodominant tree <i>Dicymbe corymbosa </i>(Fabaceae subfamily Detarioideae). Ectomycorrhizal fungi found on <i>D. corymbosa </i>seedlings over a twelve-month period of early development were compared to those of conspecific adults and four other ectomycorrhizal tree species in the region. Species turnover was high (80%) between six- and twelve-month-old seedlings, though the /russula-lactarius, /clavulina, and /tomentella-thelephora lineages were species-rich on seedlings at all ages. The number of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes per seedling increased with age, but extent of fungal colonization did not. Seedling ectomycorrhizal fungi were shared with sympatric conspecific adults (55%) and, to a lesser extent, regional heterospecific adults (27%), but numerous species were previously unrecorded for Guyana<i>.<b> </b></i>Over their development<b> </b><i>D. corymbosa </i>seedlings did not rely strictly on adult trees for their mycobionts but appeared to foster unique assemblages of ectomycorrhizal fungi.</p>
Species of Acantholichen occurring only in the Neotropics show a high degree of endemism (Dal Forno et al. 2016). Of the seven species now recognized in this genus (Table 2), 71.4% (5) are known only from South America. As with Dictyonema, Acantholichen seem to be specific to substrate type and appears in the Andean small forest occurring on mosses in tree bark inhabiting mostly exposed habitats. Cyphellostereum is also represented by a high number of species restricted to the Neotropics [6 (66.6%)], while one is known only from North America, one from Southeastern United States and Puerto Rico, and another species is known only from Borneo and Fiji (Table 2). It is probably due to their unusual appearance that these lichens are getting confused with free-living cyanobacteria colonies, and that there are still undescribed species in the Neotropics. in Eight new species of lichenized Basidiomycota in the genera Acantholichen, Cyphellostereum and Dictyonema s.str. (Agaricales, Hygrophoraceae) from northern South America
Species of Acantholichen occurring only in the Neotropics show a high degree of endemism (Dal Forno et al. 2016). Of the seven species now recognized in this genus (Table 2), 71.4% (5) are known only from South America. As with Dictyonema, Acantholichen seem to be specific to substrate type and appears in the Andean small forest occurring on mosses in tree bark inhabiting mostly exposed habitats. Cyphellostereum is also represented by a high number of species restricted to the Neotropics [6 (66.6%)], while one is known only from North America, one from Southeastern United States and Puerto Rico, and another species is known only from Borneo and Fiji (Table 2). It is probably due to their unusual appearance that these lichens are getting confused with free-living cyanobacteria colonies, and that there are still undescribed species in the Neotropics.
Data from: Understanding the recruitment response of juvenile Neotropical trees to logging intensity using functional traits
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Data from: Genetic variation and structure in the neotropical tree, Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen (Sapotaceae) used by the ancient Maya
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Data from: Intraspecific variation in seed dispersal of a Neotropical tree and its relationship to fruit and tree traits
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Phylogeny and systematics of Crescentieae (Bignoniaceae), a Neotropical clade of cauliflorous and bat-pollinated trees
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Data from: Wind dispersal is predicted by tree, not diaspore, traits in comparisons of neotropical species
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Data from: Edge effects enhance selfing and seed harvesting efforts in the insect-pollinated Neotropical tree Copaifera langsdorffii (Fabaceae)
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Data from: Community composition and diversity of Neotropical root-associated fungi in common and rare trees
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Data from: The distribution of fruit and seed toxicity during development for eleven Neotropical trees and vines in Central Panama
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Data from: Neutral and adaptive drivers of microgeographic genetic divergence within continuous populations: the case of the Neotropical tree Eperua falcata (Aubl.)
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Data from: Trees as islands: canopy ant species richness increases with the size of liana-free trees in a Neotropical forest
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Data from: An enemy's enemy is an ally: Competitive indirect interactions mediate coexistence of trees, grasses, and subshrubs in Neotropical Savanna
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Data from: Investigating processes of neotropical rain forest tree diversification by examining the evolution and historical biogeography of the Protieae (Burseraceae)
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Diurnal foraging ant–tree co-occurrence networks are similar between canopy and understorey in a Neotropical rain forest
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Diversification history of clown tree frogs in Neotropical rainforests (Anura, Hylidae, Dendropsophus leucophyllatus group)
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Data from: Mating system and effective population size of the overexploited Neotropical tree (Myroxylon peruiferum L.f.) and their impact on seedling production
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OpenNeuro
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