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153 results for “Non–native species”

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zenodo36/100

Covsel output summary of 141 native - non-native plant species pairs in Switzerland

The covariates as selected by the covsel R package (Adde et al. 2023) for 141 native - non-native congeneric plant species pairs in Switzerland. Publication of covsel R package: Adde, A., Rey, P.-L., Fopp, F., Petitpierre, B., Schweiger, A. K., Broennimann, O., Lehmann, A., Zimmermann, N. E., Altermatt, F., Pellissier, L., & Guisan, A. (2023). Too many candidates: Embedded covariate selection procedure for species distribution modelling with the covsel R package. Ecological Informatics, 75, 102080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102080

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2024View details →

dryad36/100

Fluctuations in resource availability shape the competitive balance among non-native plant species

Fluctuating resource availability plays a critical role in determining non-native plant invasions by mediating the competitive balance between non-native and native species. However, the impact of fluctuating resource availability on interactions among non-native species remains largely unknown. This represents a barrier to understanding invasion mechanisms, particularly in habitats that harbor multiple non-native species with different responses to fluctuating resource availability. To examine the responses of non-native plant species to nutrient fluctuations, we compared the growth of each of 12 non-native species found to be common in local natural areas to nutrients supplied at a constant rate or supplied as a single large pulse in a pot experiment. We found that seven species produced more biomass with pulsed nutrients compared to constant nutrients (hereafter 'benefitting species'), while the other five species did not differ between nutrient enrichment treatments (hereafter 'non-benefitting species'). To investigate how nutrient fluctuations influence the interactions among non-native plant species, we established experimental non-native communities in the field with two benefitting and two non-benefitting non-native species. Compared with constant nutrient supply, the single large pulse of nutrients did not influence community biomass, but strongly increased the biomass and cover of the benefitting species and decreased those of the non-benefitting species. Furthermore, the benefitting species had higher leaf N content and greater plant height when nutrients were supplied as a single large pulse than at a constant rate, whereas the non-benefitting species showed no differences in leaf N content and were shorter when nutrients were supplied as a single large pulse than at a constant rate. Our results add to the growing evidence that the individual responses of non-native species to nutrient fluctuation are species-specific. More importantly, benefitting species were favored by nutrients coming in a pulse, while non-benefitting ones were favored by nutrients coming constantly when they grew together. This suggests that nutrient fluctuations can mediate the competitive balance among non-native plants and may thus determine their invasion success in a community harbouring multiple non-native plant species.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Diet overlap among non-native trout species and native Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) in two U.S. ecoregions

The invasion of freshwater ecosystems by non-native species can constitute a significant threat to native species and ecosystem health. Non-native trouts have long been stocked in areas where native trouts occur and have negatively impacted native trouts through predation, competition, and hybridization. This study encompassed two seasons of sampling efforts across two ecoregions of the western United States: The Great Basin in summer 2016 and the Yellowstone River Basin in summer 2017. We found significant dietary overlaps among native and non-native trouts within the Great Basin and Yellowstone River Basin ecoregions. Three orders of invertebrates (Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera and Diptera) composed the majority of stomach contents and were responsible for driving the observed patterns. Great Basin trout had higher body conditions (k) and non-native Great Basin trout had higher gut fullness values than Yellowstone River Basin trout, indicating a possible limitation of food in the Yellowstone River Basin. Native fishes were the least abundant and had the lowest body condition in each ecoregion. These findings may indicate a negative impact on native trouts by non-native trouts. We recommend additional monitoring of native and non-native trout diets, regular invertebrate surveys to identify the availability of diet items, and reconsidering stocking efforts that can result in overlap of non-native fishes with native cutthroat trout.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Spillover of chalkbrood fungi to native solitary bee species from non-native congeners

Introduced, managed bees such as mason bees (genus Osmia) can confer significant pollination benefits to agricultural systems, but a risk of introducing non-native species into new ecosystems is the co-introduction of pathogens along with them. Pathogen spillover to wild, native bees may then drive native bee species declines. This study examined prevalence of the chalkbrood-causing fungal genus Ascosphaera in the nests of both non-native and native mason bee species. We conducted large-scale trap-nesting and pan-trapping efforts across the Mid-Atlantic United States with community scientists. Using molecular methods, nests were screened for all known Ascosphaera species in which genetic sequences have been published. After finding Ascosphaera species first described in Asia, we compared their local prevalence with the local abundance of mason bees from Asia. Lastly, we compared the prevalence of co-introduced Ascosphaera species across sites with a variety of landcover profiles. Results indicate species originally described in Japan, Ascosphaera naganensis and Ascosphaera fusiformis, are now present in native Virginia mason bees, Osmia lignaria and Osmia georgica, with high prevalence of A. naganensis found in O. georgica. We also found that the declining native mason bee O. georgica experienced higher prevalence of non-native Ascosphaera spp. at sites with larger numbers of non-native O. cornifrons and O. taurus, perhaps indicating greater likelihood of spillover of these Ascosphaera species with greater sources of transmission. Lastly, when the proportion of agricultural landcover surrounding bee nests was high, there was significantly greater prevalence of non-native Ascosphaera in O. georgica compared to more natural landcover types. Synthesis and applications. Through community science programming, we documented species of Japanese chalkbrood fungi inside native mason bee nests in North America. Native mason bees encounter non-native fungi more frequently with increasing abundance of non-native mason bees. Agricultural landscapes may exacerbate spillover of non-native fungi for native mason bees. The use of non-native bee species in agriculture should involve monitoring native bees for pathogens in the surrounding area for detection of spillover and species declines.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Data and Code supplement to: Effects of intraspecific variation in a native species´ phenology on its coexistence with non-native plants

Data and code to generate the results of the paper published at Oikos "Effects of intraspecific variation in a native species´ phenology on its coexistence with non-native plants".  Both R files can be independently run, and datasets include the raw data to generate the interaction coefficients according Lasthenia phenology or simulations to investigate the effect of intraspecific trait variation of Lasthenia population abundances.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

dryad36/100

A trait-based approach to assess niche overlap and functional distinctiveness between non-indigenous and native species

Our understanding of the community assembly processes acting on non-indigenous species (NIS), as well as the relationship with native species is limited, especially in marine ecosystems. To overcome this knowledge gap we here develop a trait-based approach based on the functional distinctiveness metric to assess niche overlap between NIS and native species, using high-resolution data on benthic invertebrate communities in the Baltic Sea. Our results show that NIS retain a certain degree of similarity with native species, but display one or a few singular unique traits (e.g., bioturbation ability). Furthermore, we demonstrate that community assembly processes, including both environmental filtering and limiting similarity affect NIS establishment, but that their effects may be highly context dependent, as illustrated by pronounced spatial patterns in distinctiveness. Finally, our trait-based approach provides a generic framework applicable to other areas and organisms, to better understand and address biological invasions.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

dryad36/100